Spm module 1119

FOREWORD

FINAL LEAP: SPM 1119 MODULE 2010

The FINAL LEAP: SPM 1119 MODULE 2010 is produced with the intention of providing

some assistance to English Language teachers in Kedah in preparing their students for the

SPM English Language Examination 2010. It grew out of the concern over the unsatisfactory

performance in the subject. It aims to provide focused and selected exercises which are

accompanied by sample answers and useful notes as well as examination tips.

This module consists of four components namely Reading Comprehension and Summary,

Literature Component (Novel), Directed Writing and Continuous Writing. These components

are deliberately chosen as they carry high weightage in the examination.

Each component has a number of thoughtfully selected questions. Based on their teaching

and marking experiences, the panel of module developers show, explain and guide how

each question should be answered. Practical and handy examination tips are also offered

together with sample answers that should allow the average and weak students to score at

least the minimum marks in the SPM 1119 Examination.

It is the ultimate hope of the Academic Sector (Language Unit), Kedah Education

Department that English Language teachers make full use of the practices in this module.

Each note and examination tip should be highlighted and reinforced among the students.

The Department is confident that the preparation of this module will at least lend a hand to

many English Language teachers through its valuable and enriching practices.

Last but not the least, the Academic Sector (Language Unit) would like to acknowledge and

appreciate the immense efforts of the panel of module developers who had come up with

this production. The appreciation also goes to the Assistant District Education Officers

(English Language) for their contribution in preparing this module. Comments and feedbacks

on this module are truly welcomed.

The Academic Sector (Language Unit),

Kedah Education Department.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Content Page

Foreword iTable of content ii

READING COMPREHENSION AND SUMMARY 1Notes for teachers 2Practice 1 4Practice 2 10Practice 3 16Practice 4 21

LITERATURE COMPONENT (NOVEL) 26Notes for teachers 27Practice 1 28Practice 2 28Practice 3 29Practice 4 30Practice 5 31Practice 6 32Practice 7 33Practice 8 34

DIRECTED WRITING 35Notes for teachers 36Practice 1 37Practice 2 39Practice 3 41Practice 4 43Practice 5 44Practice 6 46Practice 7 48

CONTINUOUS WRITING 50Notes for teachers 51Sample Essay 1 55Sample Essay 2 55Sample Essay 3 56Sample Essay 4 56Sample Essay 5 57Sample Essay 6 57Sample Essay 7 58Sample Essay 8 58Sample Essay 9 59Sample Essay 10 59Sample Essay 11 60Sample Essay 12 60Sample Essay 13 61Sample Essay 14 61Sample Essay 15 62

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READING

COMPREHENSION

AND SUMMARY

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NOTES FOR TEACHERS

READING COMPREHENSION

1. Ask the students to read the summary question first (Question 31) before they read

the passage in Section C. The summary question normally allows them to get some

ideas of what the passage is all about. It is an advantage for weak students to know

the general idea of the passage before they read it. Teachers must remind the

students that they should not write the summary first but after reading the summary

question, they should read the passage and answer all the comprehension

questions.

2. Advise the students to read the passage paragraph by paragraph. After reading each

paragraph, they should read and try to answer the question that is based on that

paragraph. By doing so, the students will be more focused in finding the correct

answer.

3. Students should be able to identify the keywords in each question. The keywords will

be clues for them to find the correct answer in the passage.

4. Students should only copy out the sentence from the text once they have identified

the sentence containing the answer. Of course, they must also be reminded that

pronouns such as I, me, mine, my, our, us and ours must be changed accordingly.

5. Students must be taught to differentiate a word and a phrase. So, if there is a

question asking for a word, they must only write a word for their answer. On the other

hand, if they are supposed to write a phrase, they must only write down a group of

words which is not a complete sentence such as ‘uncomplicated delivery’ or

‘indispensable part of our lives’. Similarly, if the question requires students to write

words as the answer, teachers should guide students to copy a part of a sentence.

Make sure they do not lift the whole sentence. In short, teachers must ensure

students are aware of the differences of these terms: word, words, phrase and

sentence.

6. Students must attempt to check the accuracy of all their answers.

SUMMARY

1. Students must understand the requirement/s of the summary.

2. Students must mark the lines where the summary starts and ends.

3. Students should know that the first 3 lines normally contain the first point or at least a

content point.

4. Students must refer to the summary requirement/s before they finally copy out any

sentence as their content point. They must be encouraged to question themselves

accordingly such as by asking “Is this a danger he faced?” or “Is this how they solved

their problems?”. The questions they pose to themselves are their guide in selecting

the relevant and accurate content points.

5. When students have picked a sentence as their content point, they should copy the

sentence completely to avoid any distortion of meaning.

6. For weak or very weak students, they may copy the longest paragraph up to 130

words. By doing so, they should be able to score several marks for content points.

7. Students must also copy the punctuations accurately as they appear in the passage.

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8. They should try as far as possible to keep to the word limit. Exceeding it will just be a

waste of time and effort as anything written beyond it will not be considered at all.

However, no marks will be penalised for the extra words included.

9. By simply copying out sentences correctly, students will be able to earn 2 marks for

Use of Language.

Marks for summary:

Paraphrasing (P) : 5Use of Language (UE): 5

10 /2 =5 (Language)

Content points 10Language 5

15(Total marks )

LANGUAGE DESCRIPTORS

Marks for language: 5 marks(Add marks for paraphrase and use of English and divide by two)

MARK PARAPHRASE MARK USE OF ENGLISH

5

• sustained rephrasing• allow phrases from text which are difficult to substitute • expression is secure 5

• language is accurate• occasional slips or minor

errors• very well-organised and

Coherent throughout• marked ability to use original

Complex structures

4

• noticeable rephrasing• free from stretches of• concentrated lifting• expression is generally• sound

4

• language is largely accurate• isolated serious errors• well-organised and coherent

in most parts• some ability to use original and

complex structures

3

limited rephrasing• intelligent and selective

lifting• expression is not always

Secure

3

• language is sufficientlyAccurate

• some serious errors• fairly well-organised and

coherent in some parts

2

• wholesale copying• attempts to substitute with

own language limited tosingle word expression 2

• meaning is not in doubt• frequent serious errors• poorly organized and lacks

Coherence• meaning is not in doubt• frequent serious errors• poorly organized 1and lacks

Coherence

1

• more or less a completetranscript of text

• originality barely noticeable• mindless lifting 1

• heavy frequency of seriouserrors

• fractured syntax • incoherent

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PRACTICE 1

Section C

[25 marks]

Questions 26 – 31 are based on the following passage.

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When doctors told Jane Wilson-Howarth her baby needed surgery, she feared hislife would not be worth living. So, she left behind the consultants, the needles, thetests and took him far away to live among the ‘sane, baby-loving’ people of Nepal.Here is her story.

David, my son was born by emergency caesarean section in a hospital inCambridge, England. I had returned from Nepal, where we had been living, forwhat I had hoped would be quick, uncomplicated delivery. The first thing I noticedwhen they pulled him into the world was a gaping black hole in the middle of hisface. Strangely, I wasn’t shocked by his appearance. I was infatuated by the tinylife I held in my arms. We later told his brother Alexander that elves could do thefine stitching to repair the harelip.

But things did not go well. David struggled to feed, he choked and slept a lot. Icould no longer hide my fear I knew that he was ill. We were back in hospitalbefore he was a month old. There we saw various specialists who meticulouslycatalogued a long list of abnormalities. But they could not convince us thatsomething could be done to improve David’s quality of life.

He had blood test after blood test. Food supplements were squirted into a tubethat passed up his nose and into his stomach. These made him vomit. It tore meapart watching the terror in his eyes. After days of tests and consultations, thedoctor told us among other things that David had holes in the heart, only onekidney, spinal abnormalities and the fibres connecting the two hemispheres of thebrains were missing.

Before he left, and he seemed to be in a hurry to leave, he said, “The baby hasto have open-heart surgery – soon. We’ll prepare for it immediately.”

His words sank in, but I had already made the decision. David was all right. Iscrewed up my courage and took a deep breath. “But he is so much more at easeaway from here. We don’t want any more investigations and long-winded reports.No more needles or tests unless you can prove they will improve his quality of life.”

He began to explain, but I interrupted. “No. We fly to Nepal this Sunday.”On the day of our flight back to Nepal we must have looked haggard. David

looked beautiful despite the feeding tube in his nose, his harelip and his ‘defects’.The Nepalese saw his soft-unblemished complexion and blue eyes. On the plane,we had already entered sane, baby-loving Asia.

Back in Nepal, we ventured out every weekend and some evenings. One strolltook us into a squatter settlement by the river where young mothers, surroundedus, giggling, wanting to compare babies. “How did you make such a beautifulbaby?” “Can he speak Nepali?” I took him out of his pram to show him off and theysaid, “He is so handsome, so white, so clean!” Their admiration was a forgottendelight of having a new baby. No one in England dared talk about him or ask abouthim.

The peace and pace of Nepal was healing for all of us, and David’s tube stayedin less and less. Sometimes I would slip it in when his appetite was poor, but Iwasn’t convinced that it was necessary any more. He took a great liking to buffalomilk and yoghurt and by the time he was three months old he was chubby. By thetime he was three-and-a-half months old he smiled. That was a milestone thatseverely handicapped children often never achieved.

Things got better and better after this. His weight increased and he seemed tobe doing so well that we decided to take a break and head into the mountains. We

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flew to Pokhara and, with two guides carrying all our luggage we walked northtowards the grand Annapura, through the deepest gorge in the world. Whilst Igasped for every breath, I could hear David amusingly chatting softly to himself. Ata height of 2807 m above sea level, we were short of breath but the holes inDavid’s heart had stimulated him to produce more red blood cells to cope in thethin mountain air.

When David was five months old, we took him back to the Cambridge hospital.The clinical staffs were amazed at how well David had done. They were astonishedthat his growing heart had repaired the holes. He no longer needed the medicines– and he never had that open heart surgery.

Adapted from an article “Mountain Baby” in the Guardian by Dr. Jane Wilson Howarth

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26 From paragraph 2,

(a) Before David was born, where were his parents living?

_________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)

(b) When David was born, what did the writer notice about the baby?

_________________________________________________________________

( 1 mark)

27 (a) From paragraph 3, how did the parents know that David was ill?

________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)

(b) From paragraph 4, there were a lot of problems with David’s health.

Name 2 of them.

________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)


(a) what was the doctor’s decision after checking David’s condition?

_______________________________________________________________

(1 mark)

(b) what does it refer to?

_______________________________________________________________

(1 mark)


(a) what did David love to eat?

________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)

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(b) What had David done to be considered a milestone?

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

(1 mark)

30 Do you think it was wise for the family to take David up the mountains? Why?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

(2 marks)

31. Based on the passage given, write a summary on:

what happened at the time of David’s birth

his development until he was five months old

Credit will be given for use of own words but care must be taken not to change the original

meaning.

Your summary must be:

in continuous writing (not in note form)

use only the material from lines 12 to 56

not longer than 130 words, including the 10 words given below

Begin your summary as follows:

Jane knew things did not go well for David when………………………………………….

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MARK SCHEME FOR PRACTICE 1


No. Suggested answers Lifting/source Notes for teachers

26(a) Nepal Line 6: She had returned fromNepal where they had beenliving.

Pronouns ‘I’ and ‘we’must be changed.

26(b) There was a gapingblack hole in the middleof his face.

Lines 7-8: The first thing shenoticed when they pulled himinto the world was a gapingblack hole in the middle of hisface.

Pronoun ‘I’ must bechanged.

27(a) He struggled to feed,choked and slept a lot.

Line 12: David struggled to feed,he choked and slept a lot.

27(b) Holes in the heart andonly one kidney

Lines 19-22: After days of testsand consultations, the doctortold us among other things thatDavid had holes in the heart,only one kidney, spinalabnormalities and the fibresconnecting the two hemispheresof the brain were missing,

Choose any two outof the four.

28(a) He had to have open-heart surgery soon.

Lines 23-24: The baby had tohave open-heart surgery soon.

28(b) Surgery/open-heartsurgery

No lifting Teach the students toalways refer to thesentence just before.(anaphoric reference)Remind them too that“it” refers tosomething singularand ‘they’ is forsomething plural.

29(a) Buffalo milk and yoghurt Lines 42-43: He took a greatliking to buffalo milk and yoghurt.

If students include thesecond half of thesentence (and by thetime…chubby), it isconsidered overlifting/irrelevant

29(b) He smiled By the time he was three and ahalf months old, he smiled.

30 Yes, because his hearthad improved.

Answer can be lifted from ‘Theclinical staffs….(line 49) until theend of the paragraph.

Answer must beginwith a ‘Yes’ or ‘No’then followed by thereason.

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SUMMARY

1. he struggled to feed2. he choked (and)3. slept a lot4. had a list of abnormalities5. had to have open-heart surgery6. David’s tube stayed in less and less7. by the time he was three months old he was chubby8. by the time he was three and half months old he smiled9. his weight increased10. he seemed to be doing so well that his parents took him up the mountains11. David amusingly chatted softly to himself12. When he was five months old his growing heart had repaired the holes13. he no longer needed the medicines and the surgery

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PRACTICE 2

Section C

[25 marks]


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Just like any other modern devices, the mobile phone has become anindispensable part of our lives. These days, we trade our phones for newerunits, with sharper colour screens, digicams, as well as more polyphonicringtones. We seem to be getting new phones faster than we get new clothes.However, not all old mobile phones go back to the market to be resold whenthe owner decides to get a new unit. Some are left at home to rot in thedrawer while others are sent to the garbage bin, a practice which, at the end ofthe day, adds to the growing volume of toxic waste in our country’s landfills.The fear by environmentalists is that as millions of mobile phones are disposedof with other trash, the possibility exists for their toxins to be released into theair and even ground water.

Mobile phones are full of pollutants such as lead (primarily from soldering),arsenic, antimony, beryllium, copper, nickel, mercury and brominated flameretardants. Older phone models use nickel-cadmium batteries which containcadmium, a toxin and suspected carcinogen. Therefore, the fear of theenvironmentalists is genuine.

Even if Malaysians want to do the ‘right thing’, most are just too engrossedto figure out the right way to get rid of their phones. A private college student,who likes to follow the latest trends when it comes to mobile phones, disclosedthat when she buys a new one, the old one goes to her favourite charity.

The managing director of the Petaling Jaya Community Centre’sEnvironment Centre, said that unfortunately it is not often that his office getsunused or old mobile phones from the public. The few times that it doesreceive mobile phones, the units are totally unusable and irreparable andthere’s nothing that can be done apart from tossing them into the centre’s‘scrap metal’ bin to be sold for their weight. If there are any that can be used,they are sent to the shop to be repaired.

Nokia Malaysia offers a wide range of electronic waste managementservices including recycling, processing and refining. According to Nokia, atypical mobile phone recycling process involves the material being shreddedinto scrap. Metal and plastic parts are then separated. The metals are sold tometal refineries, where they are melted and purified for reuse. However, therecycling rate of plastics is low, partly because recovered plastics often containimpurities. Fortunately, most recycled plastics are suitable as a fuelreplacement for oil. In addition, the plastic scraps can also be turned intoplastic benches and fences.

Nokia encourages its mobile phone users to send mobile phones whichare beyond repair to them for proper disposal. If not stored in the correctconditions, old and unused phone batteries may leak and toxic chemicals willbe released into homes. Even if stored in the best conditions, what happens tothese phones eventually? One day, they will probably be discarded with thetrash and end up in landfills.

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7 Mobile phone sales continue to climb, making it unlikely that the number ofused phones will decline. All too often the one you used to love and takeeverywhere with you, is now left at home, in a drawer, unwanted andabandoned. However, attitudes are beginning to change as awareness andeducation grow. Ongoing campaigns by various governments as well as bycompanies and organizations within the telecommunications industry can andwill help prevent old mobile phones from making their way to landfills. Hence,it is our social responsibility as users to help protect the environment for futuregenerations. Remember: reclaim, reuse and recycle for a greener earth.

(Adapted from The Star, 8 July 2004)

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Questions 26 – 30

Answer all questions. You are advised to answer them in the order set.

26 (a) In paragraph 1, why do people trade in their mobile phones for newerunits?

…………………………………….……………………………………………… [1 mark]

(b) Not all mobile phones are traded for newer units. What happens to mostof them when owners get a new one?

…………………………………….……………………………………………… [1 mark]

27 (a) From paragraph 2, give two reasons why mobile phones are considereddangerous.

(i) …………......................……………………………..……………………… [1 mark]

(ii) …….......................…………………………………..…………..………….. [1 mark]

(b) From paragraph 3, find a word which has the same meaning aspreoccupied.

………………………………………………………………….……………….… [1 mark]

28 In paragraph 4, what happens when people donate their handphones to the PetalingJaya Community Centre’s Environment Centre?

(i) ………………………………………………………..……………………… [1 mark]

(ii) ………………………………………………………..…………..…….…….. [1 mark]

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29 From paragraph 5, state one use of recycled plastics.

…………………………………………………….……………………………….. [1 mark]

30 In your own words, state how we can educate the public to recycle their mobilephones.

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………………………….………………………………..…………..…………… [2 marks]

Question 31

This article describes the threats posed by mobile phones to the environment and the

solutions to the problems.

Based on the text, write a summary of:

the dangers posed by improper disposal of mobile phones how they are recycled

Your summary must

be in continuous writing (not in note form) not be longer than 130 words, including the 10 words given below draw material from lines 8 to 42


Unused mobile phones pose a threat to the environment by ………………………………….

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[15 marks]

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No. Suggested answers Lifting/source Examination tips

26 (a) They want sharper colourscreens, digicams, and morepolyphonic ringtones.

Lines 2 – 4These days, we trade ourphones for newer units,with sharper colourscreens, digicams aswell as more polyphonicringtones.

1 mark

26 (b) They are left in drawers orsent to garbage bins.

Lines 6 -7Some are left at home torot in the drawer…….Landfills.

1 mark

27 (a) - full of pollutants. Lines 12 – 14Mobile phones……flameretardants.

- old phones use nickel-cadmium batteries whichcontain a toxin and asuspected carcinogen.

Lines 14-15Older phone models…………….suspectedcarcinogen.

27 (b) engrossed No lifting of sentence Only one word mustbe given.

28 (i) tossed into the centre’s scrapmetal bin.

Lines 23 – 26The few times …….fortheir weight

28 (ii) sent to a shop to be repairedif they can be used.

Lines 26 – 27If there are …….. to berepaired.

29 fuel replacement for oil /plastic benches / plasticfences

Lines 34 – 35Fortunately, …….for oil.Lines 35 – 36In addition, …….. andfences.

Any ONE answer (1mark)

30 By running campaigns /advertisements / locatecollection centres at Malls orpublic places / Rewards forsending in old mobile phones,etc.

Any acceptableanswer.Marks awarded willbe only 2 or 0.

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SUMMARY

POINTS

Dangers posed by improper disposal of mobile phones

1. growing volume of toxic waste (in our country’s landfills)

2. possibility exists for toxins to be released into the air

3. and ground water

4. full of pollutants

5.nickel-cadmium batteries contain cadmium, a toxin (and a suspected

carcinogen)

6. if not stored in correct conditions, (old and unused phone) batteries may leak

7. and toxic chemicals will be released into homes

How they are recycled

8. the old one goes to charity

9. the material is shredded into scrap

10. metal and plastic parts are then separated

11. the metals are sold to metal refineries

12. where they are melted

13. and purified for reuse

14. recycled plastics are suitable as fuel replacement for oil

15. plastic scraps can be turned into plastic benches and fences

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PRACTICE 3Section C[25 marks]


1 Work-related stress is a common problem among employees. It can result infeelings of depression, frustration and demotivation. Stress management therapist,Mahes Karuppiah recommends laughter therapy to deal with this problem. Mahessays that laughter helps to reduce levels of cortisol, a stress hormone thatweakens the immune system. 5

2 Studies have found that a good laugh session can lead to a sense of well-being and optimism. It can also reduce blood pressure, increase circulation andrelax the muscles. Mahes, who began using laughter as therapy four years agosays laughter is the easiest and most practical way to manage stress. It is alsoinexpensive as everyone possesses the natural ability to laugh. “You don’t have tolearn how to do it or buy equipment to help you laugh; it is in you. If you look atchildren, they laugh at the simplest things while adults are finding it difficult even tosmile.”

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3 Mahes says employees who are facing pressure and stress usually cannotcope with their work. This drags down their productivity and may even compelthem to come up with excuses not to come to work. “If you start work at the age of25 and retire at 55, you would be spending 30 years of your life at the office. Andyou work about nine hours or more there every day. So, if you are unhealthy andunhappy during this period which is the prime time of your life, you have wastedthe bulk of your life with these emotions.”

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4 To make the office a fun place, she suggests the establishment of a laughterclub at each company. “Get a few people together every morning and have alaughter therapy session for about 15 minutes. All the laughter club membersshould try to identify and remove negative feelings such as guilt, anger, fear,jealousy and ego,” she says. 25

5 According to Mahes, there are a few types of laughter therapy. Among themare putting a pen between your teeth to simulate a smile and the “Ho, Ho, Ha, Ha,”which involves laughing while clapping your hands. You don’t need to listen to ajoke or look at something funny. You can do it as a form of exercise just likeaerobics. It is said that laughter is like internal jogging. It keeps the mind and bodyfit.

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6 “There should also be a laughter room in every office,” she says. “You’veheard of people screaming to release their tension. Why not have a laughter roomwhere instead of screaming, they can laugh?” Employees can use the room topractise laughter exercises, watch a funny video or sit there and just laugh theirfrustrations away. The cost of having this room is small. And in return it will helpboost morale among the workers, reduce absenteeism and increase productivity.

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7 Another suggestion is to have a Public Announcement or P.A. system in theoffice so that someone can tell a joke of the day or just begin laughing. Laughter iscontagious. Once you get someone to laugh, soon everyone in the room will belaughing or smiling as well. Post funny jokes or cartoons on a bulletin board, aslong as they are not lewd or offensive. Employees can rotate the postings everyweek. The best joke or cartoon should be declared the “Humour of the week”. Thisis the cheapest way to bring fun into the office.

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8 According to a study by David Abrams of California State University in theUnited States, people who have fun on the job are more creative and productive,are better decision-makers and get along better with co-workers. So, start the daywith a laugh and you’ll find the saying “Laughter is the best medicine” is really true.

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(Adapted from The New Straits Times, July 2003)

26 (a) From paragraph 1, what problem do most employees face?

………………...………………………...……………………………………….…... [1 mark]

From paragraph 2,

27 (a) find a word that means hopefulness.

…………………………………...…………………………………………………..[1 mark]

(b) why is laughter therapy a cheap way to manage stress?

………………………………..………………...……………………………………[1 mark]

28 (a) From paragraph 3, which period is considered as the prime time ofone’s life?

…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(b) From paragraph 5, why is laughter referred to as ‘internal jogging’?

…………………………………………...…………………………………………….[1 mark]

29 (a) From paragraph 6, how can a laughter room benefit a company?

State two ways.

(i) ……..………………………………...……………………..………………………[1 mark]

(ii) ……………………………………...………………………………..…...……… [1 mark]

(b) From paragraph 7, what is laughter contagious?

………………..…………………..……………………………………………………[1 mark]

30 Do you think “Laughter is the best medicine” for students who are under

stress? Give a reason for your answer.

.………………………………………………………………….………………………………

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…………..……………………………………………………………………………[2 marks]

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Question 31

Based on the passage, write a summary on:

• the suggestions given by Mahes to promote laughter therapy at the office.

Credit will be given for use of own words but care must be taken not to changethe original meaning.

Your summary must:• be in continuous writing form (not in note form)• use material from lines 21 to 49• not be longer than 130 words, including the 10 words given below


Mahes suggests that laughter clubs be set up to make …………….……………………

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19



No Suggested answers Lifting / Source Examination tips26 Work-related stress Line 1: Work-related

stress is a commonproblem amongemployers

The phrase ‘work-related’is mandatory.

27(a) Optimism No lifting Only I word must be given.27(b) Everyone possesses

the natural ability tolaugh

Lines 9 – 1: It is alsoinexpensive aseveryone possesses theability to laugh.Lines 10 – 11: You don’thave to learn how to doit or buy equipment tohelp you laugh : it is inyou.

If students are lifting, makesure that they copy exactlythe whole sentence asleaving out something maycause them to lose theanswer.(This tip refers to allanswers that can be lifted)

28(a) The period between theages of 25-55

Lines 16 – 17: If youstart work at the age of25 and retire at 55, youwould be spending 30years of your life at theoffice.

28(b) It keeps the mind andbody fit

Line 30: It keeps themind and body fit.

29(ai) Help boost moraleamong the workers

Lines 36-37; And inreturn it will help boostmorale among theworkers, reduceabsenteeism andincrease productivity.

Choose any 2 out of the 3answers. Students can liftthis whole sentence, fill upthe first blank 29a(i) andget the 2 marks for bothblanks.

29(aii) Reduce absenteeism /increase productivity

29 (b) Laughter spreads or ispassed on easily

Lines 40-41: Once youget someone to laugh,soon everyone in theroom will be laughing orsmiling as well

30 (Any acceptableanswer)

Answer must start with a‘Yes’ or ‘No’ followed bythe reason.

20

SUMMARY

1. the office a fun place2. (get a few people) and have a laughter therapy session for 15 minutes3. members should try to identify and remove negative feelings4. putting a pen between your teeth to simulate a smile5. (the “Ho, Ho, Ha, Ha,” which involves) laughing while clapping your hands6. you can laugh as a form of exercise (the word ‘laugh’ is mandatory)7. a laughter room in every office8. employees can use the room to practise laughter exercises/ watch a funny

video/ sit there / just laugh their frustrations away9. have a P.A. system so that someone can tell a joke of the day10. just begin laughing as laughter is contagious) / (‘ P.A. system’ must be

mentioned before this point is accepted)11. post funny jokes or cartoons on bulletin board12. rotate postings13. best joke declared “Humour of the Week”

21

PRACTICE 4

Section C

[25 marks]


1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

When will I be released? I have another three months to serve until I amfreed. I have messed up my life and true enough, my mother’s curse reallyworked. That must have been because I have hurt her feelings a lot.

My father had left my mother when she was pregnant with me. She playedthe role of a single parent very well until I started mixing with some notoriousboys in school. She warned me to keep away from them but I insisted that theywere part of my life. I idolized them because they always had the money tospend and used expensive handsets.

My mother worked as an operator in a small industry and earned very little.We lived from hand to mouth. I was never given any luxury and I always blamedher for it. I felt that she did not work hard enough to give me the luxury. At thattime, I despised her so much that I even told her that I hated the sight of her.Then, she found a second job as a washerwoman in the neighbourhood.

I started stealing money from her savings and once I even pawned her onlywedding ring to get extra pocket money to impress my rich friends. I spent it atexpensive ‘Nasi Kandar’ restaurants. At school, I became famous among friendsand started missing classes to join my friends at shopping complexes. Slowly, Istopped going to school and when mother found out, she scolded and evenbegged me to go back to school. I told her to get lost and packed my bags toleave home. She cried and promised to provide me with all the luxuries Ineeded. I went near her and slapped her on the face. That was when shecursed me that I would regret one day when the whole world would turn its backon me.

I left home and found myself a job as a foreman. The boss sacked mewhen I started laying hands on his earnings. Then I became a contract workerand stayed with the other contract workers. The workload was too heavy for meand I started playing truant from work. I got myself fired again and had no hometo stay. I went back to my so-called friends for money and shelter but theyturned me down and some did not even acknowledge me. They stared at me asif I was a filthy thing. I was hungry and became desperate. I needed food,money and shelter but I didn’t want to return to my mother because I wasashamed of myself.

I had to do something. I walked up to the wet market in town, hoping to getmyself a job there. I saw an Indian lady with things in both hands walking alonetowards her car. An evil idea striked my mind. She had her purse under herarmpit. I walked slowly towards her, snatched her purse and fled on foot. I couldhear her shouting for help and some even chased after me but I managed toescape. I hid myself at a construction site and I rummaged through the contentsof the purse. She had almost RM200.00 and that kept me alive for anothertwelve days.

I became excited because that was easy money and I felt like doing itagain. This time I went to the Mega Mall and tried my luck. I snatched a Chineselady’s handbag and tried to flee but this time I was unlucky. Some passersbyand the security guard managed to get me. I got myself behind bars, sentencedfor a year.

I truly regret now. Once I am out, I want to go back to my mother. I havebeen really cruel to her. I need to take care of her. I will go back to school and atthe same time I will work to cope with our expenditure. I will do well in school

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

22

and further my education. I want to be an engineer and make my mother proud.I will get her everything, everything that she needs. I need to get out of thisplace. Mother, please forgive me.

50

26 (a) From paragraph 1, what has the writer done to himself?

___________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)

(b) From paragraph 2, what did the mother do when the writer started mixing with some

notorious boys?

____________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)

27 From paragraph 3, give ONE reason why the writer despised his mother so much.

_________________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)

28 From paragraph 4, which word has the same meaning as the word ‘pleaded’?

_________________________________________________________________________

(1mark)


(a) Why did the writer lose his job as a foreman?

____________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)

(b) How did the writer’s friends treat him when he went back to them to get some help?

State two ways.

(i)__________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)

(ii)__________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)

30 (a) From paragraph 7, why is the writer behind bars?

_______________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)

(b) From paragraph 8, the writer says that he wants to go back to his mother. Do you

agree with him? Give a reason using your own words.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

(2 marks)

23

31 Based on the passage given, write a summary on:

how the writer has messed up his life

what he is planning to do for his mother when he is out of prison

Credit will be given for use of own words but care must be taken not to change the original

meaning.

Your summary must

be in continuous writing(not in note form)

use materials from lines 14 – 46

not be longer than 130 words including the 10 words given below


The writer has messed up his life when he started _________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

24



No. Suggested answers Lifting/source Notes for teachers

26(a) He has messed up his life. Line 2 Pronouns ‘I ‘and ‘my’ must bechanged to ‘he’ and ‘his’

26(b) She warned him to keepaway from them.

Line 6 Pronoun ‘me’ must be changed to‘him’

27 His mother earned verylittle/ They lived from handto mouth/ He felt that shedid not work hard enoughto give him the luxury.

Lines 9-11

If more than onereason is lifted,award 0 foroverlifting.

Pronouns ‘I’ and ‘me’ are changed.

Accept any one

28 begged Write only one word as the answer

29(a) The boss sacked himwhen he started layinghands on his income.

Line 20 The pronoun ‘me’ and ‘I’ arechanged .

29(b) (i) They turned him down.

(ii)They did notacknowledge him.

(iii) )They stared at him asif he was a filthy thing.

Lines 28-30 Choose any two only preferably (i)and (ii) as they can be found in onesentence in the passage.

30(a) He snatched a Chineselady’s handbag and wascaught.

Line 42

30(b) Yes, he should go back toher and apologise.

Any acceptable answer starting with‘Yes’ or ‘No’

25

SUMMARY

1 stealing money from his mother2 started missing classes3 stopped going to school4 when his mother scolded him, he slapped her on the face5 left home6 found himself a job as foreman but was sacked when he started stealing money7 became contract worker but played truant and was fired8 went back to his friends but they turned him down9 needed food, money and shelter10 snatched a Chinese lady’s handbag but was caught11 got himself behind bars12 when he is out, he wants to go back to his mother13 wants to be an engineer and make his mother proud14 will get her everything that she needs

26

LITERATURE

COMPONENT

(NOVEL:

THE PEARL)

27

NOTES FOR TEACHERS:

1. This novel section consists of 10 practices.2. Drill students on how to identify the keywords in the questions.3. Students should present their answers in three parts – introduction, content and

closing.

EXAMINATION TIPS FOR TEACHERS:

1. Ask students to identify keywords in the question.

2. For introduction- students should state the novel and the (author)

3. For content- state ideas / opinions with examples / evidences from the text/ novel.- For weak students, state at least one or two ideas.- For average students, use as many ideas as possible.

4. For closing- conclude by stating personal responses / opinions.

5. Students may answer the question using present or past tense. But, bear in mindthey have to be consistent in using one form of tense throughout their response.

28

PRACTICE 1

show bravery/courage/ be courageous

QUESTION

“One has to be brave in trying to achieve one’s dream.”How is this shown in the novel you have studied .Support your answer with close referenceto the text.

Guidelines:

State the novel and the author State the character who was brave in trying to achieve his/her dream. Describe the character’s actions. Give your views with examples from the text.

SAMPLE ANSWER:

PRACTICE 2

QUESTIONhardships / obstacles

“Life is full of challenges”. Explain how this is shown in the novel that you have studied.Support your answer with close reference to the text.

Guidelines:

State the novel and the author State the character who faced many challenges. Give your views with examples from the text.

Introduction In the novel the Pearl by John Steinbeck, Kino was brave to facehis enemies in trying to achieve his dreams.

Content-ideas

Kino’s troubles began with his finding of the pearl. First, evil mentried to take away his pearl from him. The first attempt to steal Kino’spearl came after the doctor’s visit. Kino fought the attacker bravely, buthe received a painful blow on his head. In the second attempt to stealthe pearl, Kino was injured even more badly. When the third attemptwas made, Kino fought bravely and killed the attacker. The killing of theman forced Kino and his family to flee from his village. When he wasrunning away, three evil trackers followed him to take the pearl awayfrom him. Once again Kino fought the three men bravely and killed themall.

ClosingBecause of his bravery, Kino was able to save his pearl. But

unfortunately, his son, Coyotito got killed. Kino and Juana returned to LaPaz and flung the pearl back into the sea. In my opinion, Kino wasbrave in trying to achieve his dreams but sadly, his dreams werenot achieved.

29

SAMPLE ANSWER

PRACTICE 3

QUESTION:

“The weak and the poor will always remain weak and poor”Using the evidence from the novel, explain how this is true. Support your answer with closereference to the text.

Guidelines:

State the novel and the author Identify the weak and the poor. Give your views with examples from the text.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Introduction In The Pearl by John Steinbeck, Kino’s life was full ofchallenges. He faced many challenges, one after another.

Content

-ideas

First, when his son, Coyotito was stung by a scorpion, he wentto the doctor to ask for help. But the doctor refused to treat Coyotitobecause Kino had no money. So, he had to dive for pearls in the hopeto get some money.

Later, Kino faced more challenges when the enemies weretrying to steal the pearl that he had found. His life was in danger. Kinoalso faced challenges when the pearl buyers were trying to cheat him.

Then, his canoe and home were destroyed. When Kino tookhis family to flee from the village, he was followed by three trackers.Once again, Kino had to face challenges in protecting his family frombeing killed by the trackers.

Closing Therefore, it is true that life is full of challenges.

Introduction In The Pearl by John Steinbeck, the weak and poor in the storywere the Mexican Indians.

Content

-ideas

They would always remain weak and poor because they wereoppressed and treated unfairly by the Mexican Spanish. For example,the doctor would not treat Coyotito because Kino had no money to payhim. However, he was willing to treat Coyotito when he found out thatKino had found the Pearl of the World.

Besides, the priest who was supposed to defend and help thepoor took advantage and kept them in ignorance instead.

Another example is the pearl buyers. In Kino’s case, theyconspired to keep the price as low as possible. When Kino refused tosell the pearl, they sent attackers and trackers after Kino. This led tothe accidental shooting of Coyotito. So, Kino gave up his dreams of abetter life for him and his family when he threw the pearl back to thesea.

30

PRACTICE 4

QUESTION:

Choose a character in the story who has made sacrifices for his or her family.

Describe in detail the sacrifices that have been made. Support your answer with close

reference to the text.

Guidelines:

State the novel and the author State the character that has made sacrifices for his/her family. Describe the character’s actions. Give your view with examples from the text.

SAMPLE ANSWER:

Introduction In ‘The Pearl’ by John Steinbeck, the character that has madesacrifices for her family is Juana. Juana is Kino’s wife and Coyotito’smother.

Content

-ideas

She does everything for her family. She always wakes up earlyin the morning and prepares corncakes for breakfast. She also cleansand feeds Coyotito.

When a scorpion bites Coyotito, Juana sucks the poison out. Tome, Juana sacrifices herself because she puts herself in danger bysucking the poison. Then, she insists to get a doctor but is told that thedoctor will not come. So, she takes Coyotito to the doctor. The doctorrefuses to treat him because they do not have money. This clearlyshows that Juana will do anything to save the baby’s life.

Juana also makes her sacrifice when she is willing to fleewith Kino after he kills a man who tries to steal his pearl. She stays withKino in good and bad times. Juana also refuses to leave Kino alone inthe mountain. She says the trackers would never let them stay alive. Shehides with Coyotito in the cave and later Coyotito is killed by a straybullet. Kino and Juana return to La Paz and throw the pearl back into thesea.

Closing I think Juana has made sacrifices in trying to keep her familytogether.

Closing As Thus, with the pearl gone, Kino and Juana remained weak andpoor just like the other Mexican Indians.

31

PRACTICE 5

QUESTION

Do you enjoy reading the novel? Would you suggest the novel to other people to read?

Give reasons for your answer.

Guidelines:

Task 1

State the novel and the author Explain why you enjoy reading the novel Support your answer with evidence from the text

Task 2

Explain why you recommend the novel Give reasons with examples from the text

SAMPLE ANSWER

Introduction I would choose ‘The Pearl’ by John Steinbeck. I enjoy reading the pearlas it has an interesting story and I learn valuable lessons from it.

Content

-ideas

I also like the storyline, which is about how Kino finds the pearlwhich changes his character. The Pearl seems to possess Kino and whenhis baby is killed, he comes to his senses and sees that the pearl has broughtno good to his life. Kino throws the pearl back to the sea.

I also learn that love is important in a family. The first is the fatherlylove. Kino kills the scorpion by catching and smashing it angrily. He alsosmashes his fist at the doctor’s gate after the doctor refuses to treat Coyotitobecause he is poor and does not have money. Here we can see that Kino isprotective and willing to do anything for his son.

It also shows that family support and loyalty are important duringdifficult times. When Kino is in trouble, Juan Tomas and his wife providesupport and help. He allows Kino and his family to stay in his house althoughthey know the attackers are looking for them. They also help Kino and hisfamily to escape early in the morning. Juana also refuses to leave Kino in themountains to face the trackers. She is determined to stand by him. These twoinstances make me realise that that family support and loyalty are veryimportant.

Closing

To me, I would suggest/ recommend to other people because thereare many valuable lessons that we can learn from the novel. In the end, ithas saved Kino’s life and this gives him a chance to begin a new life.

32

PRACTICE 6

QUESTION

Write about the theme of hope and give evidence from the novel to support your answer.

Guidelines:

State the novel and the author Describe the hopes Give examples from the novel

SAMPLE ANSWER

Introduction In ‘The Pearl’ by John Steinbeck, there is the theme of hope.

Content

-ideas

First, the pearl in this story is a symbol of hope for many people.To me, it is seen as a valuable object that guarantees comfort and security fora better future.

When Coyotito is stung by a scorpion, they go to the doctor’s house toget treatment. But the doctor refuses to treat Coyotito because Kino is unableto pay. Later Kino dives into the sea and hoping to get pearls to pay forCoyotito’s treatment.

After Kino finds the pearl, he places all his hopes on it. For Kino itmeans a new life for his family. He wants to send Coyotito to school and learnto read and write. He hopes through Coyotito’s education, they can break freefrom the system that has trapped Kino and his family in poverty.

Kino also hopes to marry Juana in church and get Coyotito baptized.He sees his family dressed in new clothes and shoes. In addition, he alsowants to have a new harpoon and even dreams of owning a rifle. Wheneveryone in town finds out about Kino’s ‘Pearl of the World’, they also startmaking their own plans and having high hopes. For example, the beggarshope to get more donations from a poor man, Kino who has suddenly becomerich. The doctor hopes to return to Paris where he once had a good lifethrough the payment for curing Coyotito. All the pearl buyers hope to make aprofit from the sale of the pearl so that they can start their own business. Theshopkeeper wants to sell all his unsold men’s clothes. The priest also wantsmoney to repair the church. The neighbours also hope to achieve their owndreams through the possession of the pearl. However, all their dreams areshattered when Coyotito is killed.

Closing At the end, Kino and Juana return to La Paz and throw the pearl back intothe sea. Hence, Kino’s and other people’s hopes are not fulfilled.

33

PRACTICE 7

QUESTION

Describe how the novel you have studied can help someone be a better person. Support

your answer with close reference to the text.

Guidelines:

State the novel and the author Describe the novel can help someone be a better person. Give your views with examples from the text.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Introduction The novel I have read is “The Pearl” by John Steinbeck. Inmy opinion, reading “The Pearl” can help someone to be abetter person. It actually helps me to be a better person.

Content- ideas

Reading through the novel, I learn to be a better personthrough the character of Juan Tomas. From Juan Tomas, I learnthe importance of helping people in trouble or in need. For example,Juan Tomas does not hesitate to help his brother, Kino to flee fromthe village even though he puts himself in danger. He hides Kino inhis house after Kino kills the man in self-defense.

I also learn to be a person of strong principles throughthe character of Juana. For example, Juana has strong principlesand is brave to stand by them. She does not like Kino keeping thepearl because she believes the pearl brings bad luck. She makes thedecision to throw the pearl herself when Kino refuses to listen to her.

Reading the novel also teaches me to be brave.Throughout the novel, it can be seen that Kino and Juana are bravebecause they dare to fight back and not give up. For example whenCoyotito is stung by the scorpion, Juana is determined to gettreatment for Coyotito. She knows the doctor would not come to thebrush house. So, she makes the decision to take the baby to thedoctor. Kino is also brave to fight the attackers and trackers. Hebelieves that the pearl will be able to give him a better life. FromKino, I learn that I need to be brave when I face difficulties orproblems.

Reading the novel also teaches me not to be selfish andgreedy. Throughout the novel, the writer wrote about many selfishand greedy people for example the doctor, the priest and the pearlbuyers. They are all greedy for the pearl. The attackers and trackerseven try to hurt and kill Kino and his family just because they wantthe pearl. I learn that being greedy will not benefit anyone. They donot get what they want most that is the pearl.

Closing In my opinion, reading “The Pearl” can help someone to be abetter person.

34

PRACTICE 8

QUESTION

Using the details from the novel that you have studied,

describe the significance of the title of the novel

explain why you find the title suitable or unsuitable

Support your answer with close reference to the text.

Guidelines:

State the novel and the author Describe the significance of the title of the novel Explain and give reasons why the title is suitable or unsuitable. Give your views with examples from the text

SAMPLE ANSWER

Introduction The novel I have read is “The Pearl” by John Steinbeck. In myopinion, I think the title of this novel is significant and related tothe story because everything centres around the pearl.

Content- ideas

Throughout the novel, the writer keeps referring to the pearl. Atthe beginning of the story, after the discovery of the pearl, the writerdescribes the pearl as a symbol of hope. It gives hope to Kino. Withthe discovery of the pearl, Kino dreams of getting married in church,buying clothes, a new harpoon and a rifle. But the most importantdream is to give education to Coyotito.

Other than that, everyone hopes to benefit from Kino’s Pearl ofthe World. They begin to plan how to get the pearl from Kino. Slowly,the pearl which was at first described as giving hope, is now seenas a symbol of destruction. Attackers start to attack Kino and hisfamily. The trackers hunt them down. They have to flee in order to savethemselves. Kino also becomes obsessed with the pearl. He does notwant to throw away the pearl. He even beats Juana when she tries tothrow away the pearl. Kino becomes a changed man because of thepearl. His family is no more his top priority. Keeping the pearl becomeshis top priority.

In the end, when Coyotito gets killed by the stray bullet. Kinofinally realises his mistake of keeping the pearl.

Closing I think the title is suitable because the writer keeps onreferring to the pearl throughout the novel.

35

DIRECTED

WRITING

36

NOTES FOR TEACHERS

1. Students must know the various formats of a directed writing essay such as informal

letter, speech, report and formal letter.

2. When reading the question, students must know exactly what they are supposed to

write.

3. Rewrite all the points given in complete sentences.

4. Provide two further details for each point. Weak students should also attempt to give

one elaboration for each point.

5. Asking wh-questions will help students to give elaboration.

6. Students must also be aware of other requirements of the question such as providing

a title and adding two new suggestions.

7. Students are strongly not encouraged to change the words given. Changing them

may distort meaning and eventually affect their content mark.

37

PRACTICE 1: INFORMAL LETTER

Your father wants to buy a computer but he is not sure whether it is better to buy a laptop or

a desktop computer. He asks for your opinion. After doing some research, you come up with

some information on both computers.

Using the notes given below, write an informal letter to your father stating your choice and

supporting it with reasons.

LAPTOP COMPUTER DESKTOP COMPUTER

Portable Slim and light Can function on battery More expensive More fragile Easier to steal

Cheaper Easier to upgrade Harder to steal Bulkier- difficult to carry around Require more space Rely on direct supply of electricity

When writing out your letter, you should remember to include the following:

To state your choice To make comparisons To state the purpose of the letter To give appropriate greeting and closing Use all the points given

SAMPLE ANSWER

122,Taman Pearlview Avenue,High Tech Park,09000 Kulim,Kedah Darul Aman.30/8/10

Dear father,

How are you over there? I hope you are fine. I am doing okay here. I am writing this

letter to let you know about my opinion on whether to buy a laptop or a desktop computer. I

think you should buy a desktop computer.

Firstly, desktop computers are cheaper. They are also easier to be upgraded. It is

harder to steal desktop computers because they are heavy.

However they have some weaknesses too. They are bulkier and difficult to be

carried around. They also require more space and rely on direct supply of electricity.

38

On the other hand, laptops are portable, slim and light and can function on

battery. However I do not recommend it to you because laptops are more expensive and

fragile. Besides, they are easier for people to steal.

I hope that I have been helpful. I know that you will make a right choice. If you still

have doubts, feel free to contact me again. Till then. Goodbye .

Your loving son / daughter,

signature

….……………….

EXAMINATION TIPS

Format

1. Informal letter is written to pen pals, friends, relatives and family members.2. The format of an informal letter has the following features.

a) Sender’s addressb) Date – any form – but avoid writing in the formal form – 30 August 2010

Both a) and b) must be written on the top right-hand corner of the letterc) Salutation – on the left hand side of the letter – Dear mum, Dear sister,d) Start your letter asking about the receiver’s well-being – How are you?e) If you are replying a letter you may start like this – I received your letter…f) State the purpose of your letter – I am writing this letter because……….g) Closing – Yours sincerely (for friends, pen-pals, etc.), Your loving daughter, etc.

Do not use Yours faithfully as it is used for formal letter.

3. 3 marks are usually awarded for format although there are more than 3 features.4. Write your letter in 3 - 4 paragraphs.5. Informal language can be used in an informal letter – I’ve, dad, mum, sis, be happy,

etc.6. Do not use “sms language” such as “u” for “you” and “b4” for “before”

Body

1. Refer to other model letters to see how the given content points are constructed intomeaningful sentences.

2. Sentences need not be long.3. Just add phrases like “They are” or “Desktop computers” to the given content points.4. Remember there would be 12 content points and it is easy to get marks for all the

content points.5. End your letter in a friendly, informal manner – Well, till we meet again, Goodbye.

39

PRACTICE 2: FORMAL LETTER OF COMPLAINT

There are a few matters in your school which could be improved. You and your classmates

have had a meeting and decided to write a formal letter of complaint to the principal. As

the class monitor, you have been asked to write the letter.

In your letter, include the following:

Classroom: Unsafe wooden

chairs

Fans not working

Toilets: Broken doors

Unhygienic

Canteen Limited choices of

foods

High price of foods

When writing the letter, you should remember to:

Set out the letter correctly

Use all the notes given

Elaborate each note appropriately

SAMPLE ANSWER

Abdul Halim bin Hamzah,

Class 5 Indah,

Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Seri Bayu,

08000 Sungai Petani,

Kedah Darul Aman.

Principal,

Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Seri Bayu,


Kedah Darul Aman. 26 JULY 2010

Dear Sir,

COMPLAINTS ABOUT SCHOOL MATTERS

I, the monitor of 5 Indah, on behalf of my classmates, would like to complain about a few

matters that my friends and I are not happy with. We would like to highlight several issues

about classrooms, toilets and canteen.

2. First of all, it is about the unsafe wooden chairs in our classroom. We have no

problems sitting on wooden chairs but the chairs must be safe. The chairs are easily broken.

[What happened? When?] Six of my classmates accidentally fell down from the unstable

chairs last month. Besides, all the fans are not working. [How is the situation?] The fans

were repaired a few times but they only functioned well for a few days. [What is the effect?]

We really feel uncomfortable especially during hot days.

40

3. Our next complaint is about the school toilets. [Which toilets?] The boys’ and

girls’ toilets at Block A are in a very bad condition. The doors are broken. [How were the

doors broken?] Last week, my friends and I saw some bad-tempered students kick and

damage the toilet doors. Moreover, all the students’ toilets are unhygienic [When?] most of

the time. [Why unhygienic?] We rarely see workers cleaning the toilets. [What is the effect?]

We cannot stand the smell anymore.

4. Finally, we are unhappy about the school canteen. There are limited choices

of foods. [What are the examples of foods served?] For your information, the canteen only

sells fried rice and fried noodle. [Since when?] We have been eating the same foods since

last year. In addition, you must also know about the high prices of foods. [How much do

the foods cost?] One small plate of fried rice is RM2.50 and a plate of plain noodle is

RM2.00.

5. We really hope you will look into our complaints and take actions immediately.

Thank you for your attention and support.

Yours faithfully,

Abdul Halim

(ABDUL HALIM BIN HAMZAH)

Monitor of 5 Indah

EXAMINATION TIPS:

1. Make a simple introduction. Use the information in the question to write your

introduction.

2. Rewrite the points given in complete sentences. Elaborate each of the points given

by giving simple details. Ask wh-questions to help you to elaborate.

3. Organise the letter into several paragraphs.

4. You should be able to differentiate between ‘complain’ and ‘complaint’ and use them

correctly.

5. Make sure the correct format is used in writing the formal letter.

41

PRACTICE 3: FORMAL LETTER OF REQUEST

The Parent-Teacher Association of your school is organising a food fair to raise funds for

various projects. As the Secretary of the Interact Club, you are in charge of writing a letter to

a fast-food restaurant asking them to sponsor the food.

In your letter, include the following:

date, day, time and venue of the food fair

2 objectives of the food fair – learn to share, experience the importance of

cooperation

further details about the food fair

- involve all clubs and societies

- expected crowd: 1,000 people

- amount of money to be raised: RM10,000

request for sponsorship of food

request for lucky draw hampers


Address the letter to the manager

Use appropriate opening and closing

Include other relevant details

SAMPLE ANSWER:

Interact Club,

Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Cempaka,

11900 Bayan Lepas,

Pulau Pinang.

The Manager,

KKC Fast Food Sdn. Bhd.,

28, BL Free Trade Zone,

11900 Bayan Lepas,

Pulau Pinang. 12 JULY 2010

Dear Sir,

A REQUEST TO SPONSOR FOOD AND DRINKS FOR THE FOOD FAIR

Our school is organising a food fair to raise funds for various projects. Here are the details of

the food fair:

Date : 5 August 2010

Day : Thursday

42

Time : 9.00 am – 2.00 pm

Venue : School Hall

2. The food fair has two objectives. First of all, the club aims to encourage the

students to learn to share with others. [How can they share with others?] They must learn

not to be selfish and help others in any way they can. Another objective is to allow students

to experience the importance of cooperation. [With whom will they cooperate?] Through

this food fair we are sure the students will learn how to work with other students of different

clubs and societies.

3. The followings are further details of the food fair. This project will involve all

clubs and societies. [How many?] So far 12 clubs and 9 societies have confirmed their

participations. They will sell different kinds of foods to the expected crowd which is about

1,000 people. [Who are they?] The fair is open to all the students and their parents. Our

target amount of money to be raised is RM10,000. [Why RM10,000?] We need that

amount of money to organise various projects that will benefit the students.

4. We would like to make two humble requests here. The first is to request

for your sponsorship of food. [How much? What kind of food?] We really appreciate if you

could sponsor 100 pieces of fried chickens and 100 pieces of fish burgers. There is also a

request for your company to sponsor lucky draw hampers. [How many? What is the

cost?] It would be good if you can sponsor 3 hampers. Each hamper may cost RM20.00

each.

5. Every member of the Interact Club prays hard that your company would be

able to sponsor the food and hampers. We put a very high hope that you will be part of our

fund-raising activity. Your generosity is truly appreciated.

Yours faithfully,

Ssyyyysweirtv

(SYLVIA DIANA BT WIRA)

Secretary,

Interact Club,

Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Cempaka.

EXAMINATION TIPS:

1. Make a simple introduction. Refer to the question for the key ideas to be written in the

introduction.

2. Rewrite the points given in complete sentences. Elaborate each of the points given by

giving simple details. Ask wh-questions when giving elaboration. Certain wh-questions

are much easier for you to answer such as when, who, how many and where. Answering

why is normally more challenging.

3. Plan the organisation of each point.

43

PRACTICE 4: LETTER TO THE EDITOR

There has been a plan to build a mega shopping complex near the public beach in your

neighbourhood. As a concerned citizen, write a letter to the editor of a local newspaper

protesting against the plan. Write the letter based on the notes below:

A shopping complex already exists Spoil the beauty of the beach Increase traffic flow in the area

Project may drive tourists away Local businesses affected Social ills will increase


Address the letter to the editor of a local newspaper

Use all the notes given

Elaborate all the notes

SAMPLE ANSWER

Jason James,

5 Kampung Pantai Merdeka,

08100 Pantai Merdeka,

Kedah Darul Aman.

Editor,

The Star,


Kedah Darul Aman. 26 MAY 2010

Dear Sir,

PROTESTING AGAINST A PLAN TO BUILD A MEGA SHOPPING COMPLEX

I am writing this letter on behalf of the residents of Kampung Pantai Merdeka. It has come to

our knowledge that the local authority has already given the green light to build a mega

shopping complex near the public beach of Pantai Merdeka. We are totally against the mega

project. These are our reasons.

2. Firstly, we do not need a mega shopping complex as a shopping complex already

exists in our area. [Where?] The existing shopping complex is only 1 kilometre from the

proposed site. Secondly, the new shopping complex will spoil the beauty of the beach.

[What will happen?] The swaying coconut and casuarina trees will be cut down. Besides,

there will be more rubbish on the white sandy beach.

3. Next, the project may drive tourists away. [How?] The beach area will be reduced

and the shady areas will be demolished. With the mega project, there will also be an

increase of traffic flow in the area. [How?] [When?] More heavy vehicles such as lorries

44

and trailers will use the village road throughout the construction period. [What effect?] This

will increase the number of road accidents.

4. Furthermore, local business will also be affected. [Who are involved?] Ten hawkers

who sell foods and drinks along the beach will be affected. [What are the effects?] They will

lose their income and will be unable to support their families. Finally, we believe social ills

will increase. [How?] The mega shopping complex will have a big cinema and a bowling

arena. These kinds of places may attract more teenagers to loiter and play truant. These

may lead to an increase in social ills.

5. We appeal to the authorities to shelve their plans without any further delay as it would

mar the beauty of the beach.

Yours faithfully,

Jason James

(JASON JAMES)

EXAMINATION TIPS:

1. Make a simple introduction. Explain more about the location of the neighbourhood.

2. Rewrite the points given in complete sentences. Elaborate each of the points given by

giving simple details. Ask wh-questions to help you to elaborate.

3. Plan the organisation of each point.

4. If you do not have any personal experience regarding the issue, try to be imaginative.

Your imagination may help you to provide some relevant details.

PRACTICE 5: SPEECH

As the President of the Environment Club, you have been asked by your teacher to give a

speech to all students in your school on how they can help to reduce environmental

problems. In your speech, include the following notes:

HOW TO REDUCEENVIRONMENTAL

PROBLEMS

Reduce air pollution

Avoid open burning Use unleaded petrol Practise car pooling

Reduce energyusage

Do not wasteelectricity

Use products thathave timers

Use energy savingappliances

Reduce waste

Use environmentalfriendly products

Use recycledmaterials

Use washable items

45

When writing your speech text, you should remember to:

use the appropriate greeting and closing state the purpose of the speech use all the notes given write in paragraphs

SAMPLE ANSWER:

Good morning to the Principal, teachers and friends. My name is Labu bin Labi from

class 5 Science. As the President of the Environment Club, I have been asked by my

teacher to give a speech to all students in my school on how they can help to reduce

environmental problems.

Firstly, we have to reduce energy usage. Do not waste electricity. For example

we must switch off the lights and fans before we leave the classroom. We should use

products that have timers so they will switch off automatically when the time is up. We

should also use energy saving appliances like light bulbs and many others.

Secondly, we have to reduce air pollution. For example, we should avoid open

burning. It is better to bury than to burn rubbish in the open. We should also use unleaded

petrol for our cars. It is also good to practise car pooling to work. Fewer cars on the road

means less traffic and less pollution.

Thirdly, we have to reduce waste. We must use environmental friendly products

that do not harm the environment. We should also use recycled materials like paper bags

instead of plastic bags. We should also use washable items to reduce waste.

That is all for now. Thank you everyone for listening.

EXAMINATION TIPS

1. Remind students to write an appropriate greeting according to the question requirement.2. All points should be written in complete sentences in order to be awarded marks for

content points.3. Remind students to write simple sentences instead of lengthy ones to avoid grammar

mistakes.4. Giving examples is considered as an elaboration.

46

PRACTICE 6: ARTICLE

Many students feel that they have too many things to do in one day. Many of them really do

not manage their time wisely and end up not completing their homework or school projects

on time. You want to make a few suggestions on how they can manage their time in a better

and more effective way.

Write an article for your school magazine giving your suggestions on how to manage time.

Include the following points.

Change attitude Pay attention in class Try to complete as much homework as possible during school hours Make a ‘To do list’ Set priorities right Set a realistic target for examination Plan a personal timetable Make time for rest and relaxation Join study groups Seek help from parents, teachers or friends Speak to school counsellor Stay happy and healthy

When writing the article, you should remember to:

- Include the title- Include the writer’s name- Include all the points given- Write in the format of an article

SAMPLE ANSWER

How to Manage Time

By Albert Moss

Today many students feel that they have too many things to do in one day. Many of

them really do not manage their time wisely and end up not completing their homework or

school projects on time. So, here I would like to give some suggestions to students on how

to manage time.

Firstly, students must change their attitude. Next, students should pay attention in

class. Thirdly, students must try to complete as much homework as possible during

school hours. Furthermore students can make a ‘To do list’.

Students ought to set their priorities right. Students should set a realistic target

for their coming examination. Furthermore, students can plan a personal time table.

Students must also make time for rest and relaxation.

Students can join study groups. All students should seek help from parents,

teachers or friends if needed. Students should speak to the school counsellor if

47

necessary. Finally students should be happy and healthy when they spend their time

wisely.

EXAMINATION TIPS

1. Articles are pieces of writing giving information, advice or suggestions to the readers.2. They are usually written for the school magazine or school newsletter.3. The tone and style are formal.4. An article’s format consists of two items:

a) Title – can be taken from the rubricb) Writer’s name – Just write ‘By,’ and then followed by your name just below the

title.

5. Introduction of the article can be taken from the rubric as shown in the sample.6. All students need to do is to add the phrase students followed by a modal, in front

of the given content points to create meaningful sentences.e.g – Students should, Students must etc.

7. Use conjunctions and sequence connectors

48

PRACTICE 7: REPORT

You are the Secretary of the Environment Club in your school. Your club has successfully

organized Environment Week in your school. Write a report to the principal about the event.

Include the following information in your report:

When writing the report, you should remember to:

give the report a title address the report accordingly provide an appropriate ending use all the information given write in paragraphs

Duration

3rd – 7th March 2010

Objectives

raise awareness beautify school compound

Activities

paint murals plant trees recycle old newspapers poster drawing competition speech by invited guest

Advantages

create conducive environment instil love for nature foster closer relationship develop co-operation

ENVIRONMENT

WEEK

49

SAMPLE ANSWER

To: Principal

SMK Gemilang

From: Secretary

The Environment Club

Environment Week In My School

The Environment Club in my school has successfully organized an Environment

Week. The duration of the Environment Week was from 3rd - 7th March 2010.

The first objective of the programme was to raise awareness about the

environment among the students. The second objective was to beautify the school

compound with as many plants as possible.

There were many activities organized by the Environment Club during the week.

Students painted colourful murals on the wall about environment. They also planted trees

around the school with the help of the school gardeners. They brought old newspapers

from home to be sent for recycling. They took part in poster drawing competition on

environment and they also listened to a speech by an invited guest during the closing

ceremony.

The advantages of the Environment Week are as follows. Firstly. it creates

conducive environment to the students. Secondly, it instils love for nature in everyone.

Thirdly, it fosters closer relationship between students and teachers in the school.

Fourthly, it develops co-operation among students.

The Environment Week was successful and hopefully the programme will be held

every year as an annual event.

Reported by, 15 March 2010

Labu bin Labi

Labu bin Labi

EXAMINATION TIPS

1. Remind students that they should use the words in the rubric to help them with theirintroductory paragraph.

2. All points should be written in complete sentences in order to be awarded marks forcontent points.

3. Remind students to write simple sentences instead of lengthy ones to avoid grammarmistakes.

50

CONTINUOUS

COMPOSITION

51

NOTES FOR TEACHERS

Weak students are encouraged to write narratives essays

Useful Guide For Students When Writing NARRATIVE ESSAYS

THE WRITING PROCESS

Brainstorm by asking all the WH-questions.

Encourage students to use adjectives and adverbs.

Students are encouraged to use some direct speeches.

Remember to write in paragraphs.

Use simple active sentences.

Avoid too many conjunctive sentences (sentences tied together with

“and”.) -- Break any long sentences into two or three sentences.

Avoid starting sentences with But or And.

THE EDITING PROCESS

Check your spelling

- Pay extra attention to unfamiliar words and complicated words.

- Pay extra attention to the words that you always misspelled.

Check your tenses.

- It is better to use past tense (simple past, past continuous and past perfect)

for this type of essay. (not mentioned earlier)

- Check the use of modals and infinitives too

Make sure each sentence has a subject and a verb.

See if the subjects and verbs agree with each other.

- Pay attention to the singular and plural nouns

Make sure that each sentence makes sense.

Check the pronouns you use)

- Make sure you use them correctly. For example: a mother MUST be a ‘she’

and other pronouns that can be used are ‘her’, ‘hers’, ‘herself’.

Possible topics

Your proudest, happiest, or saddest moment A triumph or failure A "first" -- date, dance, job interview, day at work, etc. Your funniest or most embarrassing mistake A disaster: fire, accident, flood, storm An argument with a relative or friend A difficult decision

52

Techniques of writing

The teacher writes a target topic on the blackboard for example ‘ A Bank Robbery”

The teacher has a brainstorming session for verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.

Suggested verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs are written on the board.

Nouns

robbersgunmancashier

customerscounter

gunknife

moneyphone

security guardbagcar

Verbs

grabbedpanickedscreamed

fellhitranheld

shoutedshot

rushedentered

saw

Adjectives

afraidbig

quietfiercesharp

frightened

Adverbs

suddenlyquicklyquietly

carefullyloudlyfiercely

The teacher goes over the items and adds some of hers which she/he wishes

students to use in the composition.

Students are asked to brainstorm some simple sentences using any of the words on

the board. (Students are encouraged to form simple sentences of the subject + verb

+ object pattern.)

Students are encouraged to form simple sentences of the subject + verb + object

pattern.

53

Example

1. Three robbers suddenly rushed into the bank.

2. One robber had a gun.

3. There was a car waiting outside.

4. They shouted at the customers.

5. The customers were afraid.

6. One robber slashed the cashier.

7. He had a sharp knife.

8. One gunman guarded the door.

9. They shot the security guard.

10. They demanded cash.

11. He put all the money in a bag.

12. They ran quickly out of the bank.

13. They drove off in their car.

14. The manager phoned the police.

15. The police rushed to the bank.

The teacher goes through each sentence to correct any errors. Students read through all the sentences and rearrange the jumbled up sentences.

NOTE: This is for students who are very weak in writing. The key to good narrative is to

bring the incident to life for your reader.

HELPFUL SENTENCES

Emotions: Various sentences can be used to describe the same emotions. Avoid repeatingwords or expressions.

I was happy. I was sad. I was surprised. I was angry.

I felt glad. I felt depressed. I felt alarmed. I felt irritated.

She felt pleased. He was disappointed. He was shocked. He was annoyed.

We were delighted. We were dejected. We were stunned. We were furious.

They were overjoyed. They were miserable. They were taken aback They were mad at me

54

More Helpful Sentences

It was a special occasion.

The occasion was special to

us.

It is/was easy to do the work.

The work is easy.

That made us overjoyed.

We were overjoyed because of

that

It was a joyful occasion.

The occasion was a joyful one.

It was easy for me to

understand what the teacher

was teaching.

I could understand the teacher

well.

It made us angry.

We were angry because of it.

It was an extraordinary event.

The event was extraordinary.

It was difficult to learn how to

survive.

Learning how to survive was

difficult.

That made it easy for us to

understand.

It was a memorable incident.

The incident was memorable.

It was difficult to eat the horrible

tasteless food.

The noise made it difficult for us

to focus on our studies.

It was a terrific event.

The event was terrific.

It is difficult to prevent that from

happening.

His explanation made it easy for

us to know what he wanted.

It was an unforgettable

moment.

The moment was

unforgettable.

It was hard to prevent him from

going.

To recycle is to make the world a

better place to live in.

It was a superb night.

The night was superb.

It is difficult to avoid accidents. They made it difficult for us to

complete our work.

55

SAMPLE ESSAYS

(1)

A Dream/ An Unexpected Visitor/Home Alone

The doorbell rang loudly. It rang again almost immediately. The sound was asking forattention, but little Ramya hardly heard it. She was watching a funny cartoon. ReluctantlyRamya dragged herself to the door. Her right hand touched the knob and she found herselfopening the door.

Suddenly she remembered her mother’s strict instructions. Never open the doorbefore you see who is outside through the keyhole. It was too late. The door was pushedopen and a strange man rushed into the room. She stepped away. The man looked weird ashe had very big ears like those of an elephant. On his head he had only one eye instead oftwo. His neck was very long. He was only a little taller than Ramya. Ramya realised he wasan alien. She also suddenly remembered she was alone at home. What was she to do now?She wished she had been more careful and looked through the key-hole before opening thedoor.

The bell was ringing again, more insistently. Someone was also banging on the door.The person outside was losing her patience. Ramya woke up with a start at the ringing of thebell. She had been sleeping on the couch watching television. She hobbled to the door. Shesaw through the keyhole. It was her mother. Ramya opened the door. What a relief. It had allbeen a dream

(2)

An Interesting Person I Once Met / Never give up / Perseverance/A person who hasinfluenced/changed me/ Write a story ending with ‘He made a difference in my life’

During the last school holidays, I often went out for walks at the beach. It was therethat I met an interesting person.

He was sitting under a coconut tree. His gaze was fixed on something far away. Hewas hardly aware of my approach. But, when I was about two metres away from him, heturned and greeted me with a toothless smile. I guessed he must be in his early 70’s. Hewas cheerful and friendly as I talked to him.

During our conversation, he told me certain parts of his personal history. He hadbeen a fisherman all his life. In fact, he started learning the trade ever since he was a youngboy of thirteen when he helped his father to earn a living. It had been a very tough life at sea,getting up as early as two or three in the morning to go out fishing.

Then with a twinkle in his eyes, he began to relate to me some of his adventures atsea. Once, during a storm, his boat was smashed up. He managed to cling onto a piece ofplank for one day and one night. Then he was finally rescued by a passing boat. Anothertime, he came face to face with a hungry shark in the rough sea. He had fallen into the waterfrom his boat but he managed to escape death when a friend in another fishing boat helpedhim out of the water in time.

Here was a humble man who had come through life with a smile in spite of its manydangers and hardships. Since then I decide to face life bravely.

56

(3)

A Frightful Experience / A Scary Day

One day, as I was returning home late from school at about 7.30pm, I was shockedto discover a group of rough-looking boys following me.

As I quickened my steps, one of them, apparently the leader stopped me. He orderedme to surrender my watch and my wallet. At first I resisted. When he threatened to causeme harm, I quickly handed over the items. I felt frightened and, at the same time, madbecause I had to part with my possessions. They laughed and made their way to a coffeeshop nearby while I was left by the road feeling angry.

At first I wanted to report the incident to the police but later, I decided against it andwent straight home. I told my parents about it and they concluded that it was unsafe for meto walk alone. They then arranged for me to go in my neighbour’s car and that solved theproblem.

(4)

An Idea/ A dream / Ambition / Motivation/ Never give up / Success / Future plan

Everyone has a dream but Ben’s dream made him successful.

When Ben was in his final year in school, he had an idea to sell something. Hewanted to sell toys but he had no money. He talked to his parents and they agreed to lendhim RM5000 to start his business. His mother said, “When you see someone who has adream and a great idea, you don’t want to stop him. “

His business in toys turned out to be a success. Ben started by selling a few types oftoys he bought from a factory in China. His sales were good. He made a lot of trips to Chinato learn how toys were made. He learnt very quickly.

Later, he designed and manufactured his own toys. The sales of his productsincreased very fast. Two things motivated him: a lot of money and no money. He knew thatwithout money he could not run his business well so he worked very hard.He had theconfidence and was not afraid of failing.

To make his sales even better, he kept on coming up with new ideas and products.People liked his new products.

Ben now has three factories operating in the country. When interviewed, he said hewanted to start another factory in the south. He said, “There are so many people and I haveso many ideas”.

Hint for teachers: Essays can be modified to suit the title ‘Future Plan” by changingthe past tense to future tense.

57

(5)

A Dishonest Friend/ My Friend Cheated Me/ Dishonesty

Would your friend cheat you? Nobody would believe me when I told them that mybest friend had cheated me. I could not believe it myself at first. How could someone whohad been so close to me for so many years just turned around and cheated me of my lifesavings?

I should not have believed him in the first place – he and his get-rich-quick scheme,which promised a guaranteed return of 100% of the sum invested. How could any companyafford to give out so much money in so short a time?

Well, he was very persuasive and not only that – he came up with an attractive storyand managed to get me to lend him almost RM25 000. He said he would repay within threemonths. I was a fool to believe him.

Later I heard that he had migrated to Brunei to find his fortune there. It seemed hehad swindled money from other people and the company that he worked in. Once I saw himunexpectedly inside a supermarket. He actually pretended not to know me. I tried to chasehim but he disappeared into the crowd. I was very disappointed.

Many of my other friends have told me to forget about the whole thing. But I stillbelieve that one day he would be caught. This is a lesson I learnt, that is, do not trust peopletoo easily.

(6)

An Unfortunate Day / An Unlucky Day / An Unforgettable Experience / A Bad Day

It was the first day of examination for the Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia. It was the BahasaMelayu paper so Norma took her revision notes and left for school earlier than usual. As shewas cycling, she remembered her parents’ advice to read the questions carefully beforeanswering. The examination was going to start at eight in the morning and it was already7.15am. She felt nervous at the thought of the examination so she started to hum herfavourite songs.

After about five minutes, she heard a loud gushing sound out of the tyre. She quicklystopped cycling and looked at the tyres. The back tyre was flat. Norma panicked. Shelooked around but there was nobody. The mechanic shop which was about 100 metres awaywas still close. Immediately she locked the bicycle under a tree and started to run home. Shewas hoping her parents would still be at home to take her to school.

When she reached home, she was disappointed because her parents had alreadyleft for work. She was frustrated and sad. It was already 7.40am. She started to run to thenearest bus stop for the public bus. As she was running, she heard someone honking at her.When she turned around, she saw her parents in their car. She was relieved to see them.She jumped into the car and told her parents about her bicycle and that she was late for theexamination. Her parents advised her to be calm and relaxed and that she would make it ontime. Norma was grateful to her parents because she was able to attend the examination ontime.

58

(7)

My Baby-Sitting Experience / An Unforgettable Experience

One day, my parents had to go off for some hours to visit a sick relative. So I was leftin charge of my baby sister. She is four years old and very mischievous.

When lunch time came, I seated her at the dining table. She spilt the food all over herand did not want me to feed her. I had to clear up the mess and clean her up. Taking care ofher was a difficult task as she was reluctant to have her dress changed. She was also cryingall the time.

Next, she wanted to sleep. So I put her in her cot but she was restless and wanted adrink. When she finished her drink, I thought my job was over and I could have some peace.But, no, she wanted to listen to a story and I had to read her one until she finally fell asleep. Ithen took the opportunity to watch a TV programme. Unfortunately, the noise woke her upand she let out a cry. So I switched off the TV and carried her.

Soon, it was time for her bath. She played in the water and splashed it all over me.Then the soap got into her eyes and she cried so much that I could not handle her. Finally, Ipicked her up and wrapped a towel around her. By then, she had stopped crying. I powderedher and dressed her in her favourite frock. It was 3.00pm, so I put her to sleep while I lay onthe sofa with a story book and dozed off after a while. It was at that very moment that mybaby sister woke up and came down the stairs. She lost her balance, tumbled down, yelledand screamed.

I rushed to her, picked her up and checked for any injuries. Just then, my parentsreturned, much to my relief. I hope I shall not have to baby-sit as it is a tiresome and difficultjob.

(8)

A wedding/ A memorable event/ An unexpected event

Recently, I attended my aunt’s wedding in my hometown in Sungai Petani, Kedah.My aunt’s wedding came as a surprise to every one of us. All our relatives, including myfamily could not believe our ears and eyes when we heard the news and read the weddinginvitation card. The reason was we all thought she would not want to marry after all theseyears of being single since she was nearly fifty years old. Anyway we were all happy for her.At least she would not have to spend the rest of her life alone.

It was a simple wedding at my grandparents’ house. The wedding started at nine inthe morning. She was dressed in her pure white wedding gown and she looked radiant. Thebridegroom too looked smart and charming. He was actually my aunt’s former schoolmate.They met at a reunion dinner a year ago.

My grandparents were overjoyed to see their daughter finally getting married. Theyhad waited for such a long time. After refreshments, it was time for the bridegroom to leavewith his newly-wedded wife to their new home. Everyone said their goodbyes and wellwishes. Tears of joy were flowing down my grandmother’s cheeks. It was a touching sceneand indeed, a memorable one too. I wished the couple a blissful marriage together.

59

(9)

The day I cannot forget / The ending of a story …………..never to speak another lieagain

The incident that I am telling here occurred on a hot Monday morning in February. Iwas a Standard One student in Miss Leela’s class. The problem was over in a few minutes,but the memory of it is imprinted forever in my mind.

Miss Leela was a very strict teacher. She was infamous for her stern discipline. We werethen little children and we were kept busy all the time. If we were to lose our focus and playwith our friends, we were hit with a sharp rap on the head or knuckles with the long pointedstick she carried. You can imagine the horror I felt when I accidentally whistled. I was onlydrawing in a deep breath of air. Miss Leela turned around from the blackboard, and seeingmy expression, demanded, “Jo, did you do that?”

I managed to find my voice and pointed to a boy next to me and said, “No. He did it.”The boy next to me, Han, immediately stood up and said, “No! I didn’t” But that did not help.In a moment the stick came down and Han was sobbing pitifully. All went silent. No onedared to speak another word.

That incident made me really guilty. Han, how I wish I could ask for your forgiveness.I don’t remember your last name, but I’ll never forget your face. My sin of telling a lie stayswith me till today. That has taught me never to speak another lie again.

(10)

How I helped to catch a thief / Story with the ending ‘…What a day it had been.’ / An

Exciting Day / A Day at a shopping complex

It was a Friday afternoon. I was sitting at home feeling bored. Then I rememberedthere was a book sale at a shopping complex close by. I decided to make a trip there.

The shopping complex was crowded when I arrived. I was making my way to theescalator when I saw a young boy running down the escalator.. Behind him was a securityguard, chasing him and shouting, “Stop! Thief!’

People were pushing each other to avoid him and some ladies were screaming. Otherswere staring helplessly when I decided to do something. I quickly picked up a rubbish binand blocked the boy. The boy knocked into the bin. The bin rolled and both the boy and thebin crashed into me. I was knocked out. Fortunately, two men managed to catch him. I layon the floor numb with shock. A lady then took hold of my hand and helped me up.

The boy had tried to steal an expensive book from a bookshop. As he was walking out,the owner tried to stop him. The boy panicked and ran out of the shop. The security guardwho saw what happened gave chase.

I learned later that the boy was handed over to the police. As for me, the shop ownerdecided to reward me with a cash voucher of RM100. What a day it had been!

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(11)

Honesty / A Good Deed / Mobile Phone

It was a sunny day and John was cycling home after school. As he was passing ahawker stall, he saw a red bag on the bonnet of a car. Seeing no one around, he stopped tolook at the bag.

When John unzipped the bag, he was surprised to see an expensive mobile phone.He had always wanted one but was unable to afford it. Without hesitation, John took the bagand rode off in a hurry. He was glad no one had seen him.

John tried not to feel guilty as he cycled away. Upon reaching home, he rushed intohis room and looked through the bag again. He discovered the bag belonged to a foreigner.

However, John began to feel bad about taking the bag. It was not his. He should havehanded it over to the police instead of taking it. His conscience told him to go to the policestation immediately.

The police were very helpful and soon found the man who had lost his bag. Mr Louis,a French national had left his bag on the car while buying a drink from the hawker stall. Hewas overjoyed when he heard that John had found his bag. Both the police and Mr Louispraised John for his honesty.

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An Unforgettable day / The day I got lost

I remember this unforgettable day which took place when I was about 5 years old. Mygrandmother wanted to take my sister and me to town after we had shopped at the sundryshop near home. I did not want to join them so I suggested that I would walk home on myown. I was so convincing I could get home easily that my grandmother agreed to mysuggestion.

So my grandmother and my sister left on a trishaw for town while I walked home.After walking for about 10 minutes, I began to feel that the way home seemed rather longand endless. I looked out for a familiar sign or spot but there was none. It was then I realisedI was lost.

I continued walking for hours and it was way past noon when I decided to rest undera tree. A passing trishaw man stopped to talk to me. When I told him my story, he offered tosend me home. We soon reached the residential area where I lived but I was horrified to findthat I could not recognize my own house. All the houses looked the same!

Just when the trishaw man was beginning to regret he had helped me, I heardsomeone call out my name. It was my father. He was on his way out to make a report at thepolice station. My family discovered that I was missing when my grandmother and sistercame back from town. My parents thought I was with them all the while!

On that day, I was lost for 7 1/2 hours. It is a day I will never forget because I darednot imagine what would have happened to me if I had not got home.

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(13)

What happened at grandfather’s birthday party / My Most Embarrassing Experience

Last week was my grandfather’s eightieth birthday. My family and I attended hisdinner party at a newly-opened hotel named Modern Hotel. I decided to wear my sister’shigh-heeled shoes with my new dress. I wanted to look elegant. My parents advised meagainst wearing the shoes as they felt that I might not be able to manage walking on the highheels. I assured them that it would be all right.

When we reached there, I realised that it was not easy to walk on high heels. After ashort walk from the parking lot to the hotel reception, I twisted my ankle. I pretended thatnothing had happened and tried my best to walk normally. However, I had to limp to thedinner table while holding onto my mother. Many guests looked at me with curiosity. Mycheeks burned with shame.

Finally, I was able to sit down. I was relieved and thankful. Later, I needed to go tothe washroom. I had no choice but to drag my mother along. I needed her for support as Ilimped to the washroom. All eyes were on me again.

It was my most embarrassing experience. I vowed not to wear high-heeled shoesanymore unless with much practice beforehand.

(14)

Lost in the Jungle / Carelessness

The school holidays started two weeks ago. Hamid and Samad were getting bored.They had nothing to do at home. They called each other and made plans to catch somebutterflies in the jungle nearby.

They started off to the jungle after lunch. When they were in the jungle they sawsome butterflies. One of them was a rare one. They were very excited and wanted to catchit. They ran after the butterfly and were not aware of which way they took. After a while, theyrealised they were lost. They could not figure the way out of the jungle.

Soon it was getting dark. They started to feel frightened. They were both hungry andtired too. They regretted their playful actions. They knew they must be brave. Night fell. Theywere so exhausted they found a tree and rested under it. As they were about to fall asleep,they heard voices calling out their names. They immediately shouted back. Their parentsand some villagers had come to their rescue. They were so relieved and promised to bemore careful the next time.

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(15)

Flash Flood / Natural Disaster

Last week, there was a flash flood in my town. It was the first time my town hadturned into a sea of muddy water. There was great chaos and confusion. Many people wereaffected.

Before the flash flood, there was a heavy downpour for five hours. By 4 p.m., mostparts of the town were under half metre of water. The roads were flooded and there was amassive traffic jam. Cars could not move. Drivers who were stranded had to stay in theircars and wait for the water to subside. People from their work places could not go home.Many of them were wading in the water trying to get to higher ground. They were wet andcold. Fortunately, the flash floods gradually subsided by 8 p.m. It was dark then. Trafficbegan to move slowly and the police had a busy time controlling the traffic. People were ableto go home.

I will never forget the chaotic scene during those few hours.

THE END

READING IS THE KEY TO ASSIMILATING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

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