SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND

DESIGN

BACHELOR OF QUANTITY SURVEYING (HONOURS)

SITE VISIT REPORT

NAME: CHEAH MAN YEE

STUDENT ID: 0324743

SUBJECTS:

MEASUREMENT 1 [QSB 60104]

CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 1 [BLD60104]

BUILDING MATERIALS [BLD 62003]

This is a report on a site visit to a construction site incorporating all the learning outcomes of the

site visit, the introduction of the site and technical observation made on site. The site that we

visited on 22nd November 2016 (Tuesday) is Taman Impian Murni at Bukit Rimau. We

required to observe the site condition where we will able to describe, explain and understand

the method and process of construction in accordance to the sequences of work on site.

Nonetheless, this report contents is more focus on concrete framed building which we able to

observe on the site. Through this site visit, we will clearly and easily understand the process and

those building materials used for built up the concrete framed building.

Image sources: http://murni.impianpurcon.com.my/#galleryPage

The site that we visited is Impian Murni, a new community in Kota Kemuning, which consists

of 42 luxury residences. Will be hailed as a symbol of lifestyle features in this area, this

community is a collection of the latest in a series of Taman Impian developed by reputable

developers.

With designs 2 and 3 floor, each residence Impian Murni offers features that meet the daily lives

of a growing family. Outdoor contemporary design with floor ceiling height alluring gaze white

offering natural light.

Double and three-storey terrace house are constructing on the site that we visited. It is

developed by Khas Perkasa Sdn Bhd (Subsidiary of Purcon Sdn Bhd). It is located in the

south of Bukit Rimau, Jalan Tanjung Balai (Lorong Haji yusof), Seksyen 30, 40460 Shah Alam,

Selangor. Taman Impian Murni is only 1.8 kilometers to Kesas Highway and 6 kilometers drive

to Kota Kemuning. Other nearest highways that this residence has access to includes SKVE,

LKSA, and Elite Highway.

This project is built on a Malay Reserved Freehold land comprises of 42 units of housing. It is

designed for the needs of the Malay ethnic group. There are consists of 2 and 3 storey terrace

house comprises of 4 to 6 bedrooms with 3 to 4 bathrooms. The range of the layout is between

1950 square feet to 2683 square feet. Besides, there are 2 lots of parking unit available for each

of the house.

This site is quite convenient for their residence because there has a variety of shopping

amenities accessible. Shopping is within a distance to Jusco Bukit Tinggi, Gamuda Walk Kota

Kemuning and AEON Big Hypermarket, Bukit Rimau. Public schools are also nearby for this

residence that also SK Bukit Kemuning 2, SMK Bukit Kemuning and a Chinese vernacular

school, SJK (C) Chung Hwa.

Jalan Haji Yusof, Shah Alam

Image source: https://nuprop.my/selangor/shah-alam/taman-impian-murni

Taman

Impian Murni

The pricing for double-storey house is around RM 585,800 to RM 698,800 whereby for three-

storey house is RM 758,800 to RM 984,800. Besides, the cost for this Taman Impian Murni

project is around RM 11 million. This project is estimated to be completed one and a half years

which is on October 2017.

The picture above shows the construction site that we visited which is now constructing the double and three- storey terrace house.

The picture shows

the 2 storey

terrace house

floor plan. It cost

around RM

585,800 to RM698,

800. The size of

the house is 1951

square fit. Other

than that, there are

consists of 4

bedrooms and 3

bathrooms.

This picture shows

the three- storey

terrace house

floor plan. The

price for this

terrace house is

slightly more

expensive than 2-

storey house

which cost around

RM758, 800 to

RM984, 800. The

size of this terrace

house is 2683

square fit.

Besides, there are

consists of 6

bedrooms and 4

bathrooms.

Developer Khas Perkasa Sdn Bhd

Location Jalan Haji Yusof, Jalan Kebun

Total unit 42 units

Freehold land Rezab Melayu, Pegangan Bebas

Type of property 2 and 3 storey terrace house

Size of the land 20’X 63’

Size for construction 1,951kps / 2,683kps

Number of room 3+1 bedroom & 3 bathroom

5+1 bedroom & 4 bathroom

Expected Completion Date October 2017

On 22nd November 2016, we have a site visit which organized by our Measurement 1 lecturer,

Sr. Ang Fuey Lin in Kota Kemuning. The purpose of this site visit is to let us explore the

construction site and conclude everything in this report. This assignment is integrated with three

modules, which are Measurement 1, Building Materials and Construction Technology 1. We

were required to start the site tour at 9 am sharp, to ensure everyone are on time, we meet at

8.30 am. Everyone was required to wear proper attire such as collar t-shirt, jeans or long pants,

and we were provided with safety helmets. The most important thing we need to be attention is

the site safety. We separated into two small groups and started our tour on site after we are

briefed by the project manager of the site.

On the site, the site safety board is clearly stated that this is a dangerous site, therefore we have

to be careful during our site tour and follow what the guidance told us.

The pictures above shows that the site is still constructing, formwork is to support and shape the column of the house.

The objective of this site visit is to help us more understand the basics of the construction

process such as the concrete framed and also others element of the building. Other than that,

during the site tour we able to witness the usage of the construction equipment on site including

the mechanical part. The most important thing is we have the chance to explore and identify the

various type of building materials and technology on site which we have learnt during the lecture

class. To visit the site is very useful way for us to gaining our knowledge by interacting and

communicate with those experience workers and also with the construction guidance. Their

explanations make me understand the construction of buildings and the scientific principles that

underpin the design and construction.

Moreover, it also can make us to be more aware the importance of personal safety in the

construction site and understanding site conditions. Therefore, all of us must wear proper attire

to ensure or descending the probability of injuries. Other than that, we able to gain personal

knowledge about the safety precautions by listening the professional’s briefing. During the site

tour, we can gain personal knowledge about the construction process by listening the person in-

charge briefing.

It is a great chance for us to have an up-close view of the building structure as opposed to see

in the drawings. Instead of just looking at the drawing, it is more useful for me to look at the real

life work and apply theories into practice during this site visit. In addition, it can learn how to

communicate and work together in a construction site with the different field of professions. Its

gain my confident while communicate with others. Last but not least, this site visit gave me an

experience of exposure of the actual working environment on site.

TECHNICAL OBSERVATION

For this construction project, the raft pilling is used as the foundation. RC friction pile is used as

the foundation which is different from others normal pilling system. The reason of this pilling

system is different from others foundation is that raft pilling is not having pile cap, however the

ground beam is attached to the pile. This method of pilling require lesser pilling works and also

more stable and stronger than the others normal pilling system. The cost of this pilling system is

lower compared to others. Besides, the pile is directly link to beam and the slab is placed on the

top of the beam. The type of the ground floor slab used in this construction is non-suspended

floor slab type. Normally non-suspended floor slab is defined as the concrete slab sits on the

ground directly or the floor slab is being placed between the ground beams. They are different

STARTER BAR STARTER BAR

GROUND FLOOR SLAB

GROUND BEAM

Starter Bar

A steel reinforcing bar embedded in the concrete and projecting

through a construction joint to bind adjoining masses of

concrete together.

Ground beam is constructed before the slab concrete grade

25 being poured on the top of the beam. Started bar is

embedded in the concrete.

from suspended slabs because suspended slabs are above the ground and are supported by

beams. Due to my observation and also explanation from profession on the site, the floor slab of

the site is placed on the top of the ground beam. This is known as non-suspended floor slabs

because of the step of the construction. After the ground beam is constructed, slab concrete

Grade 25 only will be poured on the top of the beam. This kind of method of constructing ground

beam and floor slab are the structural engineering of the site specially design for this site

because of the condition of soil in the area. Hence, the main factor of using raft pilling in this

project is because the condition of soil in the area. The soil in the area is soft; therefore they are

using the special design pilling system to stronger the foundation and to prevent settlement

occur. In addition, the mesh fabric reinforcement (BRC) and reinforcement bar in the slab and

ground beam are not connected but there are starter bar to connect to others elements which is

shown in the picture above.

BRICKWALL

FLOOR SLAB

GROUND BEAM

PILE

HARDCORE

REINFORCEMENT BAR

The picture above shown the special kind of the foundation which is the pile is directly

link to the ground beam and there is not having any pile cap. For the floor slab is

being constructed after the ground beam was done.

Concrete

Concrete is a heavy, rough building material made from a mixture of

broken stone or gravel, sand, cement, and water, that can be spread

or poured into molds and that forms a stone like mass on hardening.

From the site, we are able to observe that the framed structure for all the building are using

the building material of concrete. Concrete is a signature material in driveways, patios,

basements and a host of other household items. It’s the world’s most widely used building

material. Besides, concrete is a heterogeneous material. The composition of concrete are

mixed with cement, sand gravel, rock aggregate and water. For the ratio of composition is

1:2:4 (cement: sand: aggregate). As the figure 1.0 shown above the sand is prepared as one

of the composition before being mixed with others to form a concrete. Before the concrete

pour into particular area, normally they will construct all the formworks and also reinforcement

bars to shape the concrete. When all the needed material are mixed and it will poured into

forms. It will became hardens as it sets. Besides, the figure 1.1 and figure 1.2 above shown

that the concrete is naturally gray but may be colored, for example by cladding or painting.

Figure 1.0 Figure 1.1 Figure 1.2

SAND

a) What are the items in the site that are considered as a concrete frame?

SUSPENDED FLOOR SLAB

ATTACHED BEAM

COLUMN

This Taman Impian Murni construction project the building is using concrete framed structure. A

framed structure is a network of beams and columns joined up to form the skeleton framework

of the building. The structural frame carries the total load of the building and transfers it to the

foundation. Rectangular framed structures are series of upright and horizontal members. They

are set a right angle to each other to provide support for the floors, walls and roof. The upright

are called column whereby the horizontal members are called beams. The flat planes of

concrete are called slabs.

CONCRETE FRAMED

STRUCTURE

The picture shown the concrete framed structure is a network of beams and columns joined up to form

the skeleton framework of the building. Humans walk on flat planes of concrete called slabs.

Beam is one of the important member for construct a framed structure. It’s act as a horizontal

member of a structure. It supports the transverse load which usually rest on supports at its end.

For this Taman Impian Murni construction project, there are three types of beam, isolated beam

and also attached beam.

Isolated beam

The picture beside shown the isolated

beam of one of the terrace house.

Isolated beam mean beams that are not

incorporated into a slab. This isolated

beam can found on site, which placed

on the roof and it called roof beam.

ATTACHED BEAM Attached beam is shown beside the

picture. It’s easy to found on site.

Basically attached beam is placed on

the second floor of the building.

Attached beam is defined as the

beam is attached to the floor slab.

Ground beam consider as an important member in a building. The reason is the ground beams

are designed to support brick / block work or to form a permanent shutter to the edge of insitu

concrete floor slab. Different building has different requirements in construction even if the

amount of reinforcement bar. The amount of reinforcement introduced into this project design

will be used to suit specific loading requirements.

To providing restraint, the ground beam is also used to transfer loads from the superstructure to

the pile and can be used with or without pile caps. Nonetheless, this project the ground beams

are not supported by the pile cap. For example, there are two alternative layouts which are a

wide ground beam solution and a narrow beam using pile caps. The ground beams that I

observed on the site is using the wide ground beam solution.

Where the increased width of the beam needed to accommodate the pile diameter, plus the

total of all necessary tolerance, is only slight and where a reduction in beam depth helps to

compensate for the additional concrete, a wider beam omitting the pile caps can be more

economic.

The ground beam is designed compositely with the walls above and by using composite beams

a standard nominal size ground beam, dictated mainly by the practicalities for construction. This

has the advantage of standardizing shuttering, reinforcement and excavation, making site

construction simple, economic and quicker than the traditional solution.

GROUND BEAM

Concrete slab floors come in many forms and can be used to provide great thermal comfort and

lifestyle advantages. Slabs can be on ground, suspended, or mix of both. However, for the

construction site, the type of slab for the second floor is using suspended slab. Suspended

slabs are formed and poured insitu, with either removable or “lost” non-load bearing formwork,

or permanent of formwork which forms part of the reinforcement.

Other than that, suspended slab can separated into two types which are one is supported on

two side whereby the other one is two way slabs which are supported on all four sides. As we

went up the second floor of the house, we are able to clearly observe the suspended slab is

attached to the attached beam. The reason they are using concrete slabs is because concrete

is durable. The reinforcement is correctly designed and placed, and the concrete is placed and

compacted well so there are no voids or porous areas, concrete slabs can have an almost

unlimited life span.

For the extra information, as a quantity surveying while measuring the finishing level and the

concrete level need to be aware because the level would not be the same. The reason of the

level not being the same because the floor finisher such as tiles are bring applied on the

concrete and also the depth of the concrete.

FLOOR SLAB

ATTACHED BEAM

FLOOR SLAB

ATTACHED BEAM

A column can be defined as a vertical structural member designed to transmit a compressive

load. A column transmits the load from ceiling, roof slab and beam, including its own weight to

the foundation. A column is very important for one structure because once the column fail to

install correctly, the whole building will collapse. Columns are mostly constructed by concrete

which can observed from the site.

CONCRETE COLUMN

STARTER BAR

TIMBER FORMWORK

The picture shows the columns on the second

floor of the building. Each column having starter

bars for the brickwork where it is being tied with

the bricks. The purpose of the starter bar is to

prevent the wall from cracking. There are always

having vibration during the construction,

therefore the starter bars are there to protect

column from collapse.

For this project, they are using the timer

formwork. It is a traditional formwork and timber

is easy to obtain. The reinforcement bar is

being placed like the picture above to tie up the

formwork. It can prevent the concrete from leak

out and deform the whole structure.

B) What are the materials involved in constructing a concrete framed structure that have

been identified above?

To construct the concrete framed structure, the building materials that involved are reinforced

concrete Grade 25. In addition, there are also needed reinforcement bars that tie the column

and beam together to achieve the stability of the structure. Besides, the mesh fabric

reinforcement (BRC) also act as one of the material that laid in the slab.

CEMENT

Cement is one of the composition of concrete. Cement

is a binding agent of any material that will bond two or

more adhesive substances together. The grade of the

concrete is Grade 25 which is very common used in

construct concrete structure. The ratio of the mixture is

1:2:4 (cement: sand: aggregates).

MESH FABRIC REINFORCEMENT (BRC)

The Mesh Fabric Reinforcement (BRC) are comes

by pieces (m2) which is different from

reinforcement bars. The function of this bar is to

lay in the slab to strongest the floor slab.

REINFORCEMENT BARS

The picture shows the reinforcement bars. They are

using the wire to tie up the reinforcement bars as

shown in the picture above. The concrete cover for

the reinforcement bars are 12mm thick. The

purpose of placed the concrete cover is that it able

to extend the time for fire to burn till the

reinforcement bar.

PHOTOS AND DESCRIPTION

SIZE OF BEAMS

This picture shows the structure frame of the house in

the construction site. Sized of beam and column are

different can be observe on site. The reason of

different size of the beam and column is because it

depends on the load bearing that apply on the beam

and column.

COLUMN FORMWORK

There are variation in size for the formwork for every

column. This is because the levels of the soffits and

the size of the beam are different.

DROP

This picture shows the drop which is the height is

slightly lower than the original floor level. This drop

can be found in the bathroom which act as drainage.

CLAY BRICKS

Clay bricks is used for constructed the

wall which located in between one with

another house to extend the burning time

when fire happened. Clay Bricks can

withstand the fire for at least one hour.

Besides, it just cost around RM0.40 per

brick.

SAND BRICKS

Sand bricks are used to build the walls

because it is cheaper than clay bricks.

It just cost RM0.20 per brick. For the

construction of brick wall, until the top of

it, they will placed the brick slightly

slating. Throughout this method can

save the cost and also can enhance the

stability of the wall.

UPSTAND BEAM

Up stand beam is defined as

a beam projecting above

a concrete floor rather than concealed

beneath it.

INDEPENDENT SCAFFOLDING

For constructing the columns, there are

using independent scaffolding to support

work crew and materials.

LINTOL

Lintol is a horizontal architectural

member supporting the weight above an

opening, as a window or a door. It can

withstand the pressure from the brick

above.

PLASTERING

The picture shows the construction

manager is explaining that skim the wall

to provide smoother surface.

Throughout this site visit, I have learnt a lot of extra knowledge that I unable to learn during

lecture class. It’s such a great chance for me to experience the real working space and the

environment of construction.

I also have experience that actually a construction site a dangerous place, therefore we have to

very be careful on site and always follow what the guidance told us. The site shows that

understanding the importance of safety is really important for us. Wearing a proper attire to visit

the site is a must, it will decrease probability from getting hurt or injured.

During lecture class, I will only learnt about the knowledge based on slide, books and also video

whereby site visit are able to let us implied theories into practice. Other than that, I have learnt

many things by identifying different types of construction materials and their function, and also

the construction process. Now, I can understand the item that includes in the concrete framed

structure and the importance of each of the members.

Last but not least, this site visit provides a lot of benefits for me which is good in the future as a

quantity surveyor. By asking question during site visit is quite important, so that you can more

understanding the condition of the site as well as the special design for particular area.