Sept07 college 1

Methoden en Technieken

Dr. Ning DING

September 07 2010

Overview Structure of the course

requirement, book, exam

Today’s course Nature of Research Research Problem Variables and Hypotheses Ethics and Research

Self-Check Exercises

Structure of the course Requirements:

read the book online exercises

Book:How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education

Skip: 5, 10, 11, 12, 25

Chapter 1 The Nature of Research



Why do we need a research in education?

Sensory

Undependable Incomplete



Agreement with others

No guarantee of the truth



Expert Opinion

Never be totally true



Logic

Both major and minor premises are true?



Scientific method



Describe, Predict, ExplainDescribe, Predict, Explain

Mixed method = quantitative + qualitativeMixed method = quantitative + qualitative



1. Define problems

2. Clarify study purpose and problems

3. Determine what kinds of information and ways of collection

4. Organize obtained information

5. Interpret information


Why do we need a research in education? Several types of research

Experimental research

Correlational research

Causal-comparative research

Survey

Ethnographic research

Historical research

Action research

Compare; Single over time

Relationship

Cause, consequence

Characteristics

Everyday experience

Past

Active involvement






Survey


Historical research

Action research


Relationship

Cause, consequence

Characteristics

Everyday experience

Past

Active involvement






Survey


Historical research

Action research


Relationship

Cause, consequence

Characteristics

Everyday experience

Past

Active involvement






Survey


Historical research

Action research


Relationship

Cause, consequence

Characteristics

Everyday experience

Past

Active involvement

>= 2 groups existing

>= 2 groups existing






Survey


Historical research

Action research


Relationship

Cause, consequence

Characteristics

Everyday experience

Past

Active involvement






Survey


Historical research

Action research


Relationship

Cause, consequence

Characteristics

Everyday experience

Past

Active involvement






Survey


Historical research

Action research


Relationship

Cause, consequence

Characteristics

Everyday experience

Past

Active involvement






Survey


Historical research

Action research


Relationship

Cause, consequence

Characteristics

Everyday experience

Past

Active involvement

Chapter 1 The Nature of Research Why do we need a research in education?

Several types of research

Chapter 1 The Nature of Research Why do we need a research in education? Several types of research

Overview of the research process

Why do we need a research in education? Several types of research Overview of the research process


Chapter 2 The Research Problem Defining Terms

Constitutive DefinitionConstitutive Definition

Operational DefinitionOperational Definition

Use what is often referred to as the dictionary approach

Specify the actions or operations necessary to measure or identify the term

Chapter 2 The Research Problem Characteristics of good research problem

Feasible Clear Significant Ethical

haalbaar Is helder Is belangrijk Is ethisch verantwoord

Characteristics of good research problem Feasible Clear Significant Ethical

Is computer-supported learning an effective learning method?Is computer-supported learning an effective learning method?

Is computer-supported learning an effective learning method for secondary school students?Is computer-supported learning an effective learning method for secondary school students?

Is computer-supported learning an effective learning method for secondeary school students in physics problem-solving?Is computer-supported learning an effective learning method for secondeary school students in physics problem-solving?

Is computer-supported learning an effective learning method for secondeary school students in physics problem-solving in comparison with face-to-face learning?

Is computer-supported learning an effective learning method for secondeary school students in physics problem-solving in comparison with face-to-face learning?

Chapter 2 The Research Problem

VariableVariable

Chapter 3 Variables and Hypotheses

ConstantConstant

A concept standing for variation within a class of objects

Characteristics do not vary

Quantitative vs Categorical Variables Vary in degree / do not vary in degree

Independent vs Dependent Variables Study its effect / presumed to be affected

Moderator Variables Exaneous Variables









Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and Attitude Influences Performance in Mathematics Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and Attitude Influences Performance in Mathematics

Attitude towards MathematicsIQ




Moderator Variable






Moderator Variable

Extraneous Variable





Moderator Variables

Exaneous Variables

Are secondary school students’ physics performances influenced by their gender?Are secondary school students’ physics performances influenced by their gender?

Are secondary school students’ physics performances influenced by their gender?Are secondary school students’ physics performances influenced by their gender?

As above, the relationship is moderated by SESAs above, the relationship is moderated by SES

Homework, teacher, etc. Homework, teacher, etc.



Advantages vs Disadvantages of stating hypotheses Think deeply / bias Prediction / unnecessary for some research types

Significant Hypotheses Directional vs Nondirectional Hypotheses

Advantages vs Disadvantages of stating hypotheses Think deeply / bias Prediction / unnecessary for some research types

Significant Hypotheses Directional vs Nondirectional Hypotheses

In secondary school physics problem-solving, the learning performances of students learning via computers are better than that of students learning in face-to-face learning.

In secondary school physics problem-solving, the learning performances of students learning via computers are better than that of students learning in face-to-face learning.

In secondary school physics problem-solving, the learning performances of students learning via computers are different in comparison with that of students learning in face-to-face learning.

In secondary school physics problem-solving, the learning performances of students learning via computers are different in comparison with that of students learning in face-to-face learning.


Chapter 4 Ethics and Research Protecting participants from harm

Ensuring confidentiality of research data

Should subjects be deceived?


Which of the following research studies is most likely to be an experiment?

A) A study of the leadership characteristics of successful high school principals

B) A study that compares the cholesterol levels of vegetarians and meat eaters

C) A study to determine if parents give more sociable teachers higher ratings

D) A study to find out if using concept maps can increase achievement


The difference between correlational and causal-comparative research is that

A) one type is a descriptive study and the other is an associational study .

B) one type is a study with one group and the other type compares two or more groups.

C) one type can be generalized, while the other type cannot.

D) one type involves an intervention, while the other type is purely an observational study.


Single-subject research is classified under the general research type of

A) survey research. B) a content analysis. C) an ethnographic study. D) historical research.


A combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches is known as

A) descriptive research. B) explanatory research. C) causal-comparative research. D) mixed-methods research


Critical researchers are primarily concerned with

A)ethical violations in methodology B) what researchers take for granted C) misuse of statistics D) how research is funded

Next course

Self-Study: Thursday or Friday, online exercises, to be announced

Instrumentation Data Data collection

Validity and Reliability

Internal Relibitliy