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Apresentações de Pesquisa
Tiago MassoniProfessor AdjuntoDSC/CEEIUniversidade Federal de Campina Grande03/04/2013
Agenda
✤ Tiago Massoni© 03/04/2013 1/230
•Introdução•conceitos•Preparação•Estrutura•Postura•Design de slides•Encerramento
Conceitos
✤ Tiago Massoni© 03/04/2013 2/230
•Retórica (do latim rhetorica, originado no grego [rhêtorikê], literalmente a «arte/técnica de bem falar», do substantivo rhêtôr, «orador») é a arte de usar uma linguagem para comunicar de forma eficaz e persuasiva.•A retórica é uma ciência (no sentido de um estudo estruturado) e uma arte (no sentido de uma prática assente numa experiência, com uma técnica).•Meios de persuasão•Ethos: forma do orador convencer o público•Pathos: apelos emocionais para alterar o julgamento•Logos: uso da razão e do raciocínio
WAKE UP!Reflexões sobre apresentações científicas
Tiago Massoni
Ideias gerais
As melhores ideias são inúteis se forem mantidas
só para você
cristalizar ideias;comunicá-las para outros;pegar feedback;networking.
artigo
apresentação
Impressionar a audiência com sua inteligência suprema
Falar tudo o que você sabe sobre um tópico
Apresentar todos os detalhes técnicos
NÃO É...
Dar uma intuição sobre o seu trabalho
Fazer audiência espumar de curiosidade para ler seu trabalho
Engajar, provocar, empolgar
E SIM...
Audiência é o mais importante
Audiência ideal
Entendo toda a teoria
Estou alerta e pronto para agir
Estou louco para ouvir as novidades do seu trabalho
Audiência real Ouvi falar da
teoria, mas
tenho coisas
mais
importantes a
fazer no meu
smartphoneNunca ouvi falar de você
Acabei de almoçar, e adoraria cochilar no ar-condicionado
Sua missão
ACORDÁ-LOSE fazê-los achar que valeu a pena
Preparação
Fuja do computador
tempo sem interrupções
conheça seu público
workshop da área em
específico
reunião de condomínio
conferência da grande área
defesa de tese
WDCOPIN
empresa interessada nos seus
resultados
no software...estruturar
Quando preparar?
com antecedência
OU
Quando preparar?
PREPARAR NA NOITE ANTERIOR
com antecedência
OU
Estrutura
Honeymoon period
Por que eu deveria estar ligado nesta apresentação?
Qual é o problema?
Por que este é um problema interessante?
2 minutos
80%
20%
Motivação
80%
20%
Ideia chave
Se a audiência lembrar apenas uma coisa da
sua apresentação, o que seria?
Ideia chave
ExemplosMotivam trabalho
Ilustram a ideia chave em funcionamento
Quando o tempo é curto, omita o caso geral, e não o exemplo
Métodos de Acesso•Do inglês accessor methods
•Métodos que acessam atributos da classe
• Expõe informação
•Métodos sem efeitos colaterais
•Nomenclatura padrão• tipo_retorno getAtributo() {...}
Métodos de Acesso public class Livro { private int anoDePublicacao; private String titulo; public int getTitulo(){
return titulo; }" public void setTitulo(String novoTit){ titulo = novoTit; } }
Método que retorna valores
Poder da estória“Forget powerpoint and statistics, to involve people at the deepest level,
you need to tell stories”Robert Mckee, Harvard Business Review
constrastes
Conexão emocional
our work will provide...
...safer and better products
UCP of Tampa Bay®
66% of Americansare obese or overweight.
All adults (66%)
Women 65 million (62%)
Men 69 million (71%)
134 million
OECD Factbook 2007
194 Presentation Zen Design
You can add a transition (dissolve) to smoothly change the text in sync with the narration. As the last slide dissolves in, it appears that the man fades out from the scene, creating a very emotional statement visually. (Image in slides from iStockphoto.com.)
This is the original slide, with no animation, about life expectancy in Australia in 2007. A static, rather typical slide. How could you show the difference in life expectancy in a more emotional way? One way is to take one slide and break it up into four slides that subtly animate via smooth dissolves (transitions) to tell a story. It is impossible to replicate the emotional effect of these animated slides in a book, but the four slides below should give you an idea.
-PZD_book.indb 194-PZD_book.indb 194 12/7/09 5:43:18 PM12/7/09 5:43:18 PM
Excerpted from Presentation Zen Design: Simple Design Principles and Techniques to Enhance Your Presentations by Garr Reynolds. Copyright © 2010. Used with permission of Pearson Education, Inc. and New Riders.
194 Presentation Zen Design
You can add a transition (dissolve) to smoothly change the text in sync with the narration. As the last slide dissolves in, it appears that the man fades out from the scene, creating a very emotional statement visually. (Image in slides from iStockphoto.com.)
This is the original slide, with no animation, about life expectancy in Australia in 2007. A static, rather typical slide. How could you show the difference in life expectancy in a more emotional way? One way is to take one slide and break it up into four slides that subtly animate via smooth dissolves (transitions) to tell a story. It is impossible to replicate the emotional effect of these animated slides in a book, but the four slides below should give you an idea.
-PZD_book.indb 194-PZD_book.indb 194 12/7/09 5:43:18 PM12/7/09 5:43:18 PM
Excerpted from Presentation Zen Design: Simple Design Principles and Techniques to Enhance Your Presentations by Garr Reynolds. Copyright © 2010. Used with permission of Pearson Education, Inc. and New Riders.
194 Presentation Zen Design
You can add a transition (dissolve) to smoothly change the text in sync with the narration. As the last slide dissolves in, it appears that the man fades out from the scene, creating a very emotional statement visually. (Image in slides from iStockphoto.com.)
This is the original slide, with no animation, about life expectancy in Australia in 2007. A static, rather typical slide. How could you show the difference in life expectancy in a more emotional way? One way is to take one slide and break it up into four slides that subtly animate via smooth dissolves (transitions) to tell a story. It is impossible to replicate the emotional effect of these animated slides in a book, but the four slides below should give you an idea.
-PZD_book.indb 194-PZD_book.indb 194 12/7/09 5:43:18 PM12/7/09 5:43:18 PM
Excerpted from Presentation Zen Design: Simple Design Principles and Techniques to Enhance Your Presentations by Garr Reynolds. Copyright © 2010. Used with permission of Pearson Education, Inc. and New Riders.
194 Presentation Zen Design
You can add a transition (dissolve) to smoothly change the text in sync with the narration. As the last slide dissolves in, it appears that the man fades out from the scene, creating a very emotional statement visually. (Image in slides from iStockphoto.com.)
This is the original slide, with no animation, about life expectancy in Australia in 2007. A static, rather typical slide. How could you show the difference in life expectancy in a more emotional way? One way is to take one slide and break it up into four slides that subtly animate via smooth dissolves (transitions) to tell a story. It is impossible to replicate the emotional effect of these animated slides in a book, but the four slides below should give you an idea.
-PZD_book.indb 194-PZD_book.indb 194 12/7/09 5:43:18 PM12/7/09 5:43:18 PM
Excerpted from Presentation Zen Design: Simple Design Principles and Techniques to Enhance Your Presentations by Garr Reynolds. Copyright © 2010. Used with permission of Pearson Education, Inc. and New Riders.
194 Presentation Zen Design
You can add a transition (dissolve) to smoothly change the text in sync with the narration. As the last slide dissolves in, it appears that the man fades out from the scene, creating a very emotional statement visually. (Image in slides from iStockphoto.com.)
This is the original slide, with no animation, about life expectancy in Australia in 2007. A static, rather typical slide. How could you show the difference in life expectancy in a more emotional way? One way is to take one slide and break it up into four slides that subtly animate via smooth dissolves (transitions) to tell a story. It is impossible to replicate the emotional effect of these animated slides in a book, but the four slides below should give you an idea.
-PZD_book.indb 194-PZD_book.indb 194 12/7/09 5:43:18 PM12/7/09 5:43:18 PM
Excerpted from Presentation Zen Design: Simple Design Principles and Techniques to Enhance Your Presentations by Garr Reynolds. Copyright © 2010. Used with permission of Pearson Education, Inc. and New Riders.
194 Presentation Zen Design
You can add a transition (dissolve) to smoothly change the text in sync with the narration. As the last slide dissolves in, it appears that the man fades out from the scene, creating a very emotional statement visually. (Image in slides from iStockphoto.com.)
This is the original slide, with no animation, about life expectancy in Australia in 2007. A static, rather typical slide. How could you show the difference in life expectancy in a more emotional way? One way is to take one slide and break it up into four slides that subtly animate via smooth dissolves (transitions) to tell a story. It is impossible to replicate the emotional effect of these animated slides in a book, but the four slides below should give you an idea.
-PZD_book.indb 194-PZD_book.indb 194 12/7/09 5:43:18 PM12/7/09 5:43:18 PM
Excerpted from Presentation Zen Design: Simple Design Principles and Techniques to Enhance Your Presentations by Garr Reynolds. Copyright © 2010. Used with permission of Pearson Education, Inc. and New Riders.
194 Presentation Zen Design
You can add a transition (dissolve) to smoothly change the text in sync with the narration. As the last slide dissolves in, it appears that the man fades out from the scene, creating a very emotional statement visually. (Image in slides from iStockphoto.com.)
This is the original slide, with no animation, about life expectancy in Australia in 2007. A static, rather typical slide. How could you show the difference in life expectancy in a more emotional way? One way is to take one slide and break it up into four slides that subtly animate via smooth dissolves (transitions) to tell a story. It is impossible to replicate the emotional effect of these animated slides in a book, but the four slides below should give you an idea.
-PZD_book.indb 194-PZD_book.indb 194 12/7/09 5:43:18 PM12/7/09 5:43:18 PM
Excerpted from Presentation Zen Design: Simple Design Principles and Techniques to Enhance Your Presentations by Garr Reynolds. Copyright © 2010. Used with permission of Pearson Education, Inc. and New Riders.
194 Presentation Zen Design
You can add a transition (dissolve) to smoothly change the text in sync with the narration. As the last slide dissolves in, it appears that the man fades out from the scene, creating a very emotional statement visually. (Image in slides from iStockphoto.com.)
This is the original slide, with no animation, about life expectancy in Australia in 2007. A static, rather typical slide. How could you show the difference in life expectancy in a more emotional way? One way is to take one slide and break it up into four slides that subtly animate via smooth dissolves (transitions) to tell a story. It is impossible to replicate the emotional effect of these animated slides in a book, but the four slides below should give you an idea.
-PZD_book.indb 194-PZD_book.indb 194 12/7/09 5:43:18 PM12/7/09 5:43:18 PM
Excerpted from Presentation Zen Design: Simple Design Principles and Techniques to Enhance Your Presentations by Garr Reynolds. Copyright © 2010. Used with permission of Pearson Education, Inc. and New Riders.
194 Presentation Zen Design
You can add a transition (dissolve) to smoothly change the text in sync with the narration. As the last slide dissolves in, it appears that the man fades out from the scene, creating a very emotional statement visually. (Image in slides from iStockphoto.com.)
This is the original slide, with no animation, about life expectancy in Australia in 2007. A static, rather typical slide. How could you show the difference in life expectancy in a more emotional way? One way is to take one slide and break it up into four slides that subtly animate via smooth dissolves (transitions) to tell a story. It is impossible to replicate the emotional effect of these animated slides in a book, but the four slides below should give you an idea.
-PZD_book.indb 194-PZD_book.indb 194 12/7/09 5:43:18 PM12/7/09 5:43:18 PM
Excerpted from Presentation Zen Design: Simple Design Principles and Techniques to Enhance Your Presentations by Garr Reynolds. Copyright © 2010. Used with permission of Pearson Education, Inc. and New Riders.
194 Presentation Zen Design
You can add a transition (dissolve) to smoothly change the text in sync with the narration. As the last slide dissolves in, it appears that the man fades out from the scene, creating a very emotional statement visually. (Image in slides from iStockphoto.com.)
This is the original slide, with no animation, about life expectancy in Australia in 2007. A static, rather typical slide. How could you show the difference in life expectancy in a more emotional way? One way is to take one slide and break it up into four slides that subtly animate via smooth dissolves (transitions) to tell a story. It is impossible to replicate the emotional effect of these animated slides in a book, but the four slides below should give you an idea.
-PZD_book.indb 194-PZD_book.indb 194 12/7/09 5:43:18 PM12/7/09 5:43:18 PM
Excerpted from Presentation Zen Design: Simple Design Principles and Techniques to Enhance Your Presentations by Garr Reynolds. Copyright © 2010. Used with permission of Pearson Education, Inc. and New Riders.
194 Presentation Zen Design
You can add a transition (dissolve) to smoothly change the text in sync with the narration. As the last slide dissolves in, it appears that the man fades out from the scene, creating a very emotional statement visually. (Image in slides from iStockphoto.com.)
This is the original slide, with no animation, about life expectancy in Australia in 2007. A static, rather typical slide. How could you show the difference in life expectancy in a more emotional way? One way is to take one slide and break it up into four slides that subtly animate via smooth dissolves (transitions) to tell a story. It is impossible to replicate the emotional effect of these animated slides in a book, but the four slides below should give you an idea.
-PZD_book.indb 194-PZD_book.indb 194 12/7/09 5:43:18 PM12/7/09 5:43:18 PM
Excerpted from Presentation Zen Design: Simple Design Principles and Techniques to Enhance Your Presentations by Garr Reynolds. Copyright © 2010. Used with permission of Pearson Education, Inc. and New Riders.
O que não colocar
•Background•O sistema FLUGOL•Limitações de FLUGOL•Visão geral da solução•PI-reducible decidability em FLUGOL•Resultados•Trabalhos relacionados•Conclusões e trabalhos futuros
Agenda
1
PowerPoint Culture
A better way
2
Concrete tips & advice
3
Q & A
4• Preparation• Design• Delivery
[PMW83] O melhor paper[SPZ88] Primeiro uso da abordagem[PN93] Aplicação da abordagem em outros contextos[XXB99] Limitações desta abordagem
Trabalhos Relacionados
Detalhes Técnicos
Postura
Estusiasmo
Bom humorSurpresa
Efeito geleia
Respire fundo Decore as
suas primeiras
falasMova-se
bastante, use os braços, faça gestos
Melhor preparação ENSAIO
chegue cedo, prepare a sala
Converse com as pessoas da sala, se tiver tempo
Nunca se desculpe
Evite ler os slides
“Esse coitado está lendo os slides. Eu posso ler mais rápido que ele. Como estou aqui, posso ler mais rápido que ele. Vou ler e consultar meu Facebook”
Fulano da Silva, membro qualquer da audiência em situações como esta
Boas práticas
Olhar no olho
Encare a audiência: procure a nodding person
Boas práticas
Aponte para a tela
Não apague as luzes
Variações de ritmo, volume
Tecnologia invisível
10-minute “breaks”
Uma técnica irritante
Uma técnica irritante
Revelar
Uma técnica irritante
Revelar
os pontos
Uma técnica irritante
Revelar
os pontos
deste jeito
Uma técnica irritante
Revelar
os pontos
deste jeito
um a um
Uma técnica irritante
Revelar
os pontos
deste jeito
um a um
a não ser
Uma técnica irritante
Revelar
os pontos
deste jeito
um a um
a não ser
por um bom motivo
Design
Death by Powerpoint
•Muitas pessoas tendem a colocar todas as palavras que vão falar em um slide
• Isso parece ser uma boa prática, pois deixa o apresentador mais tranquilo
•Mesmo que isso elimine a necessidade de memorizar a fala, na verdade isso faz seus slides ficarem poluídos, verborrágicos e entediantes
• Você vai perder a atenção da audiência rapidamente antes de chegar ao final do seu...
• continuando)...primeiro slide
aproveite o recurso VISUAL
Peer review
•Pessoas qualificadas diferem os trabalhos bons dos ruins
• Isso é importante pelo controle de qualidade
•Sem isso, dificilmente teríamos como entender o que realmente interessa na ciência
Peer review evolui a ciência
Métricas• Frequência
• quantas versões do software estão com determinada anomalia em relação ao tempo
• Granularidade
• em quantos módulos a anomalia aparece (alto ou baixo nível de granularidade)
• Escopo
• Anomalia afeta um pacote, ou mais um pacote (local ou global)
Frequência
Frequência
Granularidade
baixo nível alto nível
Frequência
Granularidade
baixo nível alto nível
Escopolocal global
Simplicidade
190 Presentation Zen Design
Simple slides that guide the eyes
Take a look at a few before-and-after slides. The “after” slides are the kind used in support of live talks where all of the words are coming from the speaker. The slides on the left show a rather arbitrary placement of elements and have poor hierarchy and dominance. While the slides at left have contrast, it is not clear why some things stand out and others do not. What are we supposed to look at fi rst, second, third? The eye tends to wander.
The slides on the right have better design priority or focal point. First, removing extraneous information from the slides improves the clarity. The samples here are very simple, but you can apply the general idea to more complex slides as well. Just be clear in your own mind where you want people to go fi rst (second, third, etc.) when the visual is shown.
Not only does the slide at left have too much text for a live talk, it’s not clear where the eye is supposed to go fi rst. We may notice the pictures, but they are very small. Should we look at the graph fi rst? Usually, the text at the top is the most important, but why is it so weak? In the text on the right, our eyes go to the jogger and then quickly to the key point in text.
The slide at left has too many colors—our eyes bounce around from one colorful column to the next. What’s the key point of the slide? Hard to tell. In the slide at right, our eyes go to the large text fi rst and then the red column (or vice versa) and then we look at the other columns.
BEFORE
BEFORE
AFTER
AFTER
-PZD_book.indb 190-PZD_book.indb 190 12/7/09 5:43:09 PM12/7/09 5:43:09 PM
Excerpted from Presentation Zen Design: Simple Design Principles and Techniques to Enhance Your Presentations by Garr Reynolds. Copyright © 2010. Used with permission of Pearson Education, Inc. and New Riders.
Simplicidade
190 Presentation Zen Design
Simple slides that guide the eyes
Take a look at a few before-and-after slides. The “after” slides are the kind used in support of live talks where all of the words are coming from the speaker. The slides on the left show a rather arbitrary placement of elements and have poor hierarchy and dominance. While the slides at left have contrast, it is not clear why some things stand out and others do not. What are we supposed to look at fi rst, second, third? The eye tends to wander.
The slides on the right have better design priority or focal point. First, removing extraneous information from the slides improves the clarity. The samples here are very simple, but you can apply the general idea to more complex slides as well. Just be clear in your own mind where you want people to go fi rst (second, third, etc.) when the visual is shown.
Not only does the slide at left have too much text for a live talk, it’s not clear where the eye is supposed to go fi rst. We may notice the pictures, but they are very small. Should we look at the graph fi rst? Usually, the text at the top is the most important, but why is it so weak? In the text on the right, our eyes go to the jogger and then quickly to the key point in text.
The slide at left has too many colors—our eyes bounce around from one colorful column to the next. What’s the key point of the slide? Hard to tell. In the slide at right, our eyes go to the large text fi rst and then the red column (or vice versa) and then we look at the other columns.
BEFORE
BEFORE
AFTER
AFTER
-PZD_book.indb 190-PZD_book.indb 190 12/7/09 5:43:09 PM12/7/09 5:43:09 PM
Excerpted from Presentation Zen Design: Simple Design Principles and Techniques to Enhance Your Presentations by Garr Reynolds. Copyright © 2010. Used with permission of Pearson Education, Inc. and New Riders.
Projete slides para a
última fila
Evite “ruído”before
after
Animação e Coresusar com
muitomuito muito
muito
muitomuito
muitomuito
CUIDADO!
Encerrando
Terminar no
Tempo
Audiência automaticamente para de escutar quando o tempo termina
Q&A
Lições estão em todos os lugares
Por fim, make your point
Mensagem Final
O padrão geral é tão baixo que não precisa ser fantástico
para se destacar