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Re-imagining food chain performance
Damian Maye and James Kirwan
Countryside Values for the 21st Century
The Royal Society, London22.01.2015
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The starting point
• Significant interest in sustainable
consumption practices
• Sustainability credentials, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and ‘techno-politics’ (Freidberg, 2014)
• The performance of food chains has multiple dimensions
• Need to ‘enlarge our thinking about food systems change’ (Hinrichs, 2014: 143)
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A conceptual framework
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ChoiceDecision-making tools Behaviour
Food chain impactsIndicators Methods
Socio-economic contextsDiscourses Attributes
The communication of food chains and their performance
Rationale:
• To align the multiple meanings that are attributed to food chains, having regard for the contexts involved, in order to create a common understanding of food chain performance.
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Putting this approach into practice
• Conduct a systematic analysis of how both ‘local and global food’ and the ‘performance of food chains’ are perceived, defined and communicated in the public, scientific, market and policy spheres across a range of dimensions (economic, social, environmental, health and ethical).
• Develop a matrix that catalogues ‘local and global food’ performance [with the matrix being composed of attributes].
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Some definitions
• Dimensions:
– Economic, Social, Environmental, Health, Ethical
• Spheres:
–Market, Public, Scientific, Policy
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Countries involved
Netherlands
Italy
France
Belgium
Switzerland
Spain/Catalunya
UK
Latvia
Denmark
Serbia
Senegal and Peru
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Comparative Methodology
• Identify the principal discourses and controversies concerning global & local food chains in the 12 countries.
• Draw out the diversity of meanings and perceptions associated with the performance of both global & local food chains.
• Develop a Multi-Criteria Performance Matrix that incorporates the performance of both global & local food chains.
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Composite Matrix
Dimension / Sphere
Economic Social Environmental Health Ethical
Public
•Affordability•Creation & distribution of
added value•Contribution to economic
development
•Information & communication•Food security
•Resource Use•Pollution
•Nutrition•Food safety•Traceability
•Animal Welfare•Responsibility•Labour relations•Fair Trade
Scientific
•Contribution to economic development
•Technological innovation•Governance
•Consumer behaviour•Territoriality
•Resource Use •Biodiversity•Efficiency•Technological
innovation•Food waste
•Nutrition•Food safety
•Fair Trade•Animal welfare
Market
•Efficiency•Profitability /
competitiveness•Connection•Technological innovation•Resilience
•Information & communication•Territoriality•Connection
•Efficiency•Traceability•Food safety
•Fair Trade•Territoriality
Policy
•Creation & distribution of added value
•Contribution to economic development
•Efficiency•Resilience•Food waste
•Consumer behaviour•Labour relations
•Food Waste•Pollution
•Traceability•Nutrition•Food Safety
•Food Security•Governance
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Creation and distributionof added value
• Description: how value is created, but also how it is distributed within the food supply chains
• Relationship with other attributes
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Attributes Indicators Benchmark Local scoreGlobal score
Local score %
Global score %
Creation and distribution of added value
Cheese-makers profit potential, signified by the wholesale price of cheese less the cost of milk
10 6.65 2.45 66.5 24.5
Share of final price (milk, cheese, retail)
50Milk: 15%
Cheese: 41% Retail: 44%
37%31%32%
308288
746264
Contribution to the economy of the region (in FTE/tonne cheese)
0.4 0.365 0.005 91.25 1.25
Attribute performance scores
Some recommendations for re-imaginingfood chain performance
• Inclusion of a wide range of perspectives
• The importance of understanding the context
• Sensitivity to cultural and linguistic differences
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• Moving beyond the dominance of economic perspectives
• Moving beyond global – local distinctions
• Take a multi-dimensional perspective
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Thank you for your attention
www.ccri.ac.uk
http://glamur.eu/
