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Pre – teaching Questions
Have you ever answered a survey Questionnaire?
Have you ever made a Questionnaire? Have you ever written a Questionnaire Do you remember what it looks like? How many parts are there? Do you like answering a Questionnaire?
Questionnaire
What is in this lesson: - Advantages and disadvantages - Considerations in administering a
questionnaire- Analysis of questionnaire data
Obj. 3.1, 3.2 & 3.5
What are Questionnaires and what do they measure?
Questionnaires are any written instruments that present respondents with a series of questions or statements to which they are to react either writing out their answers or selecting from among existing answers”
Brown (2001,p6)
Obj. 3.3
Three types of data in questionaires1. Factual question:
(classification/subject descriptors)=> who are the respondents?
- Age/gender/race- Residential location/ marital and
sicioeconomic status, level of education, occupation
- Other background information- ***years of learning English, text books
used… if that is research on ELT
Obj. 3.4
2. Behavioural Questions
Ask what respondents are doing or have done in the past
- people’s action, life-styles, habits**** in L2 studies, these ask about the
frequency of using a language learning strategy
Obj. 3.4
3. Attitudinal Questions
Find out what people think- Attitudes- Opinions- beliefs- Interests- values
Obj. 3.4
Advantages of Questionaires
Easy and fast way to collect data Cheap Versatile (multi-functional): with people
of different genders, at different ages, in different locations..
Obj. 3.4
Disadvantages
Too simple questions , answers Unreliable and unmotivated
respondents Little or no opportunity to correct
the respondents’ mistakes Fatigue effects
Obj. 3.4
Constructing the Questionnaire
5 steps and procedures to construct the questionnaire:
1. Deciding on the general features of the questionnaire: Length, format and the main part
2. Writing effective items/questions and drawing an item pool
3. Selecting and sequencing the items4. Writing appropriate instructions and examples5. Piloting the questionnaire and conduct item analysis
1. General Features
Length be short and takes short time to answer
Layout booklet format Appropriate density Orderly layout Sequence marking
Anaminity
Obj. 3.6 & 5.1
Examples of sequencing marking
Obj. 3.6 & 5.1
I. ATTITUDES TOWARD LANGUAGE LEARNING
1. Language learning is an exciting activity
2. Language learning often makes me happy
II. LANGUAGE CHOICE3. If you could choose, which foreign languages would you choose to
learn next year at school? Please mark three languages in order of importance
(a)…………………………………………………
(b)…………………………………………………
(c)………………………………………………..
Main parts of a Questionaire
TitleQuestionaire for English learnersQuestionaire for Teachers of English
Main parts of a Questionaire
Instruction The general instruction should cover the
following things: - What the study is about and why it is
important or socially useful- The organization responsible for
conducting the study- Emphasizing that there are no right or
wrong answers (honesty is the most important)
- Promising confidentiality- Saying ‘thank you”
Main parts of a Questionaire
Sample general instruction
Obj. 3.7 & 4.1
We would like to ask you to help us by answering the following questions concerning Foreign language learning. This survey is conducted by the Language Research Group of The University of X to better understand… This is not a test, so there is no “right” or “wrong answers and you don’t need to provide your name….
Main parts of a Questionaire Specific instructions:
Tell respondents what they have to do in order to answer the questions
Obj. 3.7 & 4.1
Sample instructions for numerical rating scales
In the following section we would like you to answer some questions by simple giving marks from 1 to 5
1 = not at all 2 = not really 3 = so-so 4= quite a lot 5 = very much
For example, consider the following item. If you like hamburger very much, write 5 in the space in front of the question:
-------------- How much do you like a hamburger?
Please write one (and only one) whole number in front of each question and don’t leave out any of them. Thanks
Main parts of a Questionaire
Questionaire ItemsThese come after the instruction- Rarely take the form of actual questions (?)- Be separated from the instruction (font
style…)
Obj. 3.7 & 4.1
Main parts of a Questionaire
Additional Information and Thank you
Obj. 3.7 & 4.1
Questionaire Content
The appropriate sampling of the content=> Find the short list of specific content Using multi-item scales(Likert 91930s)
Obj. 3.8 & 5.1
Types of Questions: Open-ended and closed ended Closed ended questionsA range of possible responses is determined by
the researcherEg: Foreign languages should be compulsory in
high school Agree Neutral
Disagree Open ended questions
Obj. 3.8 & 5.1
Closed- ended questionnaire itemsYoung a (1986, cited in Bell (1987) categorises questions as follows:
Question types
Example
List Indicate your qualifications by circling any of the following: Diploma B.A M.A Ph.D
Category Indicate your salary range by circling one of the following: Lest than 20,000 40,000-60,00020,000 – 40,000 more than 60,000
Ranking Rank the following from 1 to 4 in order of preference“I like to learn best by studying’: - with the whole class - in small groups - in pair - independently
Scale Circle one of the following to indicate your attitude to the following statement: “I like to learn through interacting with native speakers”Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
Question types
Example
Quantity/ Frequency
Circle one of the following: How often did you practice English outside class last week? 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, more than 10
Grid
How many NESB students are there in the following classes
0-5 5-10` 10-15 15+
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Dorney (3003) classified closed questions as rating scale items, rankingItems, multiple choice items and checklist
Rating scale:
Likert scale
Multiple choice item:
If there were a French Club in my school, I would
Ranking order items
Numeric Items
Checklist
Open- ended questions
Specific open questions- Asking about concrete pieces of
information, such as facts about the respondent, past activities
Eg: What languages have you studied in the
past?
OPEN – ENDED QUESTIONS
Classification questionsEg.If you rated the course-book you are using
as “poor” or “very poor”, please briefly explain why. Write your answer here:
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
OPEN _ENDED QUESTIONS
Sentence completion items: Eg. One thing I like about this activity is
………..