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PREVIEW OF
EMT/EMR NEUROLOGYPOWERPOINT TRAINING
PRESENTATION
BRAIN
SPINAL CORD
CAUSES OF ALTERED LEVEL OF CONSCIOUSNESS
A-AlcoholE-Epilepsy with seizure activityI-InfectionO-OverdoseU-Uremia (Kidney failure)-UnderdoseT-TraumaI-Insulin-related (Diabetes)-InfectionP-Psychosis-PoisoningS-Stroke
SEIZURE INCIDENCE
4th most common neurological disorderEstimated 48 per 100,000 people or 150,000 in
the USIncidence is higher in young children & older
adults1 in 26 people develop epilepsy in their lifetime
PARTIAL SEIZURE(FOCAL or LOCALIZED)
Affect one hemisphere of the brainSymptoms may include
Frontal lobe-a wave-like sensation in the head
Temporal lobe-a feeling of déjà vuParietal lobe-a numbness or tinglingOccipital lobe- visual disturbance or
hallucination
ASSESSMENT FINDINGS
Spasms, muscle contractionsBiting tongue, increased secretionsSweatingCyanosisUnconscious gradually increasing level of consciousnessShaking or tremors and no loss of consciousnessIncontinentAmnesia of event
MANAGEMENT
Safety of patient/positionABCs, consider nasopharyngeal airwayOral airway probably will not workOxygen/suctionAssist ventilation if indicatedEmotional support
NO NOT
Restrain patientAttempt to put anything in the mouth
DOCCUMENATION OF HEADACHE
Description of painTime of onsetAssociated symptomsPast history of headacheFrequency & changes
STROKE(CVA)
Failure of the blood flow in the brain either by a clot or hemorrhage of a vein or artery in
the brainCommon in geriatric patients but can be seen in
patients of all ages
STROKE TYPES
Ischemic stroke (85%) Thrombolic (90%)Embolic (10%)
Caused by an interruption of the blood flow either by a blockage of blood flow or hypoperfusion
STROKE ALERT CRITERIA
Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke ScaleOther stroke scales
National Institute of HealthFASTLos Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen
CINCINNATTI PREHOSPITALSTROKE SCALE
Is a system used to diagnose the presence of a stroke in a patient
It tests three signs for abnormal findings which may indicate that the patient is having a stroke
If any one of the three tests shows abnormal findings, the patient may be having a stroke and should be transported to a hospital as soon as possible
TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK
Signs & SymptomsS & S similar to actual stroke
Often resolved before EMS arrival Most times symptoms resolve in > 24
hours Patient has potential for actual stroke
COMMUNICATIONS
Receiving facility should be notified of potential stroke patients to allow for rapid definitive evaluation of type of stroke and treatment
TRANSPORT
Rapid transport to appropriate facilityMany facilities are accredited by the American
Stroke Association ALS Intercept
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