Presentation @ Winter Doctoral Seminar 2015

The use of VGI and SDSS for supporting decision-making in disaster managementFlávio E. A. Horita, MSc.

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**

The use of volunteered geographic information and spatial decision support systems for supporting decision-making in disaster management

Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc.PhD Student, LABES, ICMC, University of São PauloVisiting PhD Student, ERCIS, Münster University

Advisor: Prof. Dr. João Porto de AlbuquerqueSupervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Bernd Hellingrath

project achievements


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• Introduction

• Research Design

• Research Achievements

AGENDA


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introductionResearch Areas

Disaster Management

Heterogeneous Data Sources

Spatial Decision Support Systems


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introductionResearch context

Brazil (before Münster) Computer Science Information Systems Decision Support System Data Collection esp. Collaborative Platforms and Wireless Sensor Network Missing.. Decision-makers’ tasks and requirements Horita, F. E. A. et al.. Development of a spatial decision support system for flood risk management in Brazil that combines volunteered geographic information with wireless sensor networks. Computers & Geosciences, 80, pp. 84-94, 2015. DOI:10.1016/j.cageo.2015.04.001.


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introductionResearch context

Brazil Computer Science Information Systems Decision Support System Data Collection esp. Collaborative Platforms and Wireless Sensor Network Missing.. Decision-makers’ tasks and requirements

Germany Humanitarian Logistics

Blecken’s Reference Task Model

Practitioners’ knowledge

Business Process Modelling BPMN (DMN afterwards)

Mobile Data Collection GDACSmobile

(before Münster)


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• Introduction

• Research Design

• Research Achievements

AGENDA


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MRQ: How can the integration of heterogeneous data sources contribute to the improvement of decision-making in disaster management?

SQ1: How can heterogeneous data sources be integrated in real-time?

SQ2: How can tasks and decisions be formally connected to data sources?

SQ3: How can decision-making in disaster management be improved by the formally connection of tasks and decisions to data sources?

Research DesignQuestions

SQ1

SQ2

SQ3


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VGI

Data SourceLayer

In-situ sensors

Rainfall gauge

Meteorol-ogical stations

IntegrationData Integration Layer

Application Layer

Visualization

SDSS

Business Layer

usessupports

links

uses

supports

supports

requests

supports

providesprovides

Integration

Visualizationuses

supports

supports

requests

supports

Decision-making Process

links

Research designConceptual framework

Horita, F. E. A.; Albuquerque, J. P. An Approach to Support Decision-Making in Disaster Management based on VGI and SDSS. In: 10th International ISCRAM Conference, Baden-Baden, Germany, 2013. p. 301-306.

Decision Support Server

O2

O3

O1

Global agencies (e.g. OCHA)

Local agencies (e.g. CEMADEN)


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Research designmethodology

Main Outcome Partial Outcome Inputs Validation

An approach which combines

information provided by

heterogeneous data sources in

near real-time and supports decisions

taken by emergency agencies in disasters

A method for matching tasks, information needed,

and data sources

A visualization approach for improving decision-making based on the

decision-makers’ requirements

An approach for integrating heterogeneous

data sources based on decision-makers’

requirements

Reference Task Model, Business

Process Modelling Notation

Visual Analytics, Software

Engineering, Design Science

Research

Process-Driven SOA

Development*, Ontologies, Micro Services**, Design Science Research

Instantiation using guiding scenario

Prototyping, Serious Games,

Case Studies

Prototyping, Case Studies

O1

* Process-Driven SOA Development [Juric & Gaur, 2009]** Microservice Architecture [Fowler, 2014]

O2

O3

SQ1

SQ2

SQ3


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• Introduction

• Research Design

• Research Achievements1. Research Definitions2. Interaction between decision-makers and data

collection3. Task-related information from social media 4. Observation-aware decision modelling and notation

AGENDA


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Doctoral Seminar

Research AchievementsProgress on the Research definitions

Activities: 1. Monitoring and Early

Warning 2. Humanitarian Logistics

Operations

Data Sources:1. Collaborative

Platforms2. Hard Sensors

Decision-makers:1. Local Agencies

(e.g. CEMADEN)2. Global Agencies

(e.g. OCHA)

SQ1 SQ2 SQ3

Disaster Management

Heterogeneous Data Sources

Spatial Decision Support Systems


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Research AchievementsInteraction between decision-makers and data collection

Clear understanding about the interaction between decision-makers and data collection

Connection of decision-makers’ tasks and decisions to information

Targeted data collection (Daniel’s work)

Data integration and information visualization (Flávio’s work)

1

2

3SQ1 SQ2 SQ3Worked on DFG-FAPESP proposal

Possible submission to ISCRAM ‘2016


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Problem Social media platforms (e.g. Twitter) can supply valuable information Difficult to identify relevant information in social media data and

integrate findings into decision-making

Research Question How can task-related information be identified in social media data and

linked back to tasks?

Results Reducing the gap between social media analysis and decision-making via

structured domain knowledge Keyword-based search improves social media analysis

Research AchievementsTask-related information from social media

---LINK, D. et al. (2015). A Method for Extracting Taskrelated Information from Social Media based on Structured Domain Knowledge. 21st Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS). El Conquistador, Porto Rico.


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• Common standards for modelling of processes, decisions, observations

• Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN) • Reference Task Model (RTM)• Observation & Measurements (O&M)• Decision Model and Notation (DMN)

• Information models

• Infrastructure and Resource Category Systems

Research AchievementsBasis for the Observation-aware decision modelling and notation

Source: (Blecken, 2010; OMG, 2013; OGC, 2013; OMG, 2014; Horita et al., 2014; Link and Hellingrath, 2014)


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Research AchievementsObservation-aware decision modelling and notation


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Research AchievementsApplication case in 2015 Nepal Earthquake

Airport Condition

Airport category table

1 Aircraft Slots Overall Capacity

2 Weight Limitations

Transportation Constraints

Airport category table

O Aircraft Slots Weight Limitations

Situation

1 Available < 100 MT Available

2 [101..200] Available

3 < 201 MT Limited

4 Limited < 100 MT Available

5 [101..200] Limited

6 < 201 MT Congested

7 None < 100 MT Congested

8 [101..200] Congested

9 < 201 MT Congested

1 2

3

4

5

6

7


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Understand the relation between tasks, decisions and information

Determine the impact of new (or lack) information on decisions and tasks

Support targeted data collection (using mobile or social media)

Support combination and data integration among decision support systems

i.e. OpenStreetMap provides the road network (e.g. roads of M ü nster) while Twitter reports the condition of the roads (e.g. Kolde-Ring is blocked)

Research AchievementsObservation-aware decision modelling and notation

SQ1HORITA, F. E. A. et al. (2016). oDMN: An Integrated Model to Connect Decision-Making Needs to Emerging Data Sources in Disaster Management. Accepted for HICSS 2016 – Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Kauai, Hawaii.


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Research AchievementsProgress so far

Main Outcome Partial Outcome Inputs Validation

An approach which combines

information provided by

heterogeneous data sources in

near real-time and supports decisions

taken by emergency agencies in disasters

A method for matching tasks, information needed,

and data sources

A visualization approach for improving decision-making based on the

decision-makers’ requirements

An approach for integrating heterogeneous

data sources based on decision-makers’

requirements

Reference Task Model, Business

Process Modelling Notation

Visual Analytics, Software

Engineering, Design Science

Research

Process-Driven SOA

Development*, Ontologies, Micro Services**, Design Science Research

Instantiation using guiding scenario

Prototyping, Serious Games,

Case Studies

Prototyping, Case Studies

O1

* Process-Driven SOA Development [Juric & Gaur, 2009]** Microservice Architecture [Fowler, 2014]

O2

O3

SQ1

SQ2

SQ3


192015-12-9

VGI

Data SourceLayer

In-situ sensors

Rainfall gauge

Meteorol-ogical stations

IntegrationData Integration Layer

Application Layer

Visualization

SDSS

Business Layer

usessupports

links

uses

supports

supports

requests

supports

providesprovides

Integration

Visualizationuses

supports

supports

requests

supports O2

O3

Decision-making Process

links

Research AchievementsProgress so far

Global agencies (e.g. OCHA)

Horita, F. E. A.; Albuquerque, J. P. An Approach to Support Decision-Making in Disaster Management based on VGI and SDSS. In: 10th International ISCRAM Conference, Baden-Baden, Germany, 2013. p. 301-306.



O1

Local agencies (e.g. CEMADEN)


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The use of volunteered geographic information and spatial decision support systems for supporting decision-making in disaster management

Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc.PhD Student, LABES, ICMC, University of São PauloVisiting PhD Student, ERCIS, Münster [email protected] | [email protected]

Advisor: Prof. Dr. João Porto de AlbuquerqueSupervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Bernd Hellingrath

Education

Presentation @ Winter Doctoral Seminar 2015