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Newborn calf
Newborn management• When we start to
care about newborncalf ?
• Before birth ?
• During birth ?
• After birth ?
• Actually all above
management
Before During After
• Consideration ratio between sire semen and size dam cow pelvic
• Provide well balanced ration during pregnancy stages
• Consideration of dry off period
• Vaccination of dam against newborn pathogens as corona virus at last days ofpregnancy as antibodies well migrate to fetus
• Inject E+selenium at last days of pregnancy
Before
DuringFirst sign in calving is pure discharge from
vagina
Just inject 5 ml oxytocin and let
normally calving occur
If the discharge is bloody that
mean dystocia
Normal PPP
At first hours to day of live
• Disinfection of the umbilicalcord and navel with iodinepreparation
• Weighting the calf
• Just after birth must takecolostrum in first ½ hour (10%of his weight)
• Numbering and ear tagging
• Give prophylaxis dose oftultramycine s/c againstrespiratory infection
After
2nd day of live
• Calf replaced to isolate box tofacilitate management,nursing, observation and toprevent disease spreading
• Disinfection of the umbilicalcord and navel for a week
• Concentrates provided at 1st
week
• Vaccination if from dam nonvaccinated
• Clean water is provided
1st week procedures
• Dehorning at 5th day toprevent harm to anotheranimal or for its body
• Dehorning prevent violentbehavior
• Dehorning facilitatemanagement and handling
2nd week
• After 2 weeks calves aremoved to live as a group inconsideration to their ages
• Continue in these pens tillweaning provided by milk,ration and water
• Weaning after 4th monthsnot more because body willnot produce Renin enzymewhich responsible for milkdigestion
The big challenges in the calf live
At birthAt
weaningIf have a disease
Veterinary care
The most frequent health threats
Omphalitis
[ navel ill ]
Enteritis
[ diarrhea ]
Pneumonia
Omphalitis [ navel ill ]• Inflammation of navel due
to infection by bacteria
• Swelling of navel, painreaction, fever, pusdischarge
• Treatment:
Injection of antibiotic , anti-inflammatory, wound spray
Diarrhea (calf scour )• Scour is a watery feces
indicate that calf GIT can’t absorb water from igesta.
• Causes : may be bacterial, viral, protozoal or nutritional .
• Treatment : treat the initial cause and give fluid therapy to avoid dehydration
pneumonia• Inflammation of lung
• Signs : fever, anorexia, cough, nasal discharge, extended head and neck.
• Treatment : antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, antihistamine .
Special refer to ColostrumColostrum is the milk secreted by the udder immediately after parturition and for 3to 4 days.
• Through colostrum, the younganimal obtains its first supply ofantibodies which protect itagainst various bacteria andviruses.
• It contains 20 % or more protein,a little more fat than normal milk.
• It is rich in vitamins A and D.
• It acts as a natural purgative forthe young animal.
• Colostrum must be fed within 6hours of the calf ’s birth.
Special refer to Weaning• Weaning is a critical period in the life
of the young animal unless carried outwith care.
• It has, however, been suggested thatcalves should not be weaned untilthey double their birth weight or areat least 80 kg .
• Gradually increase the amount ofother feed consumed. This allowsthem to be completely weaned at ayounger age .
• Calves should not be weaned untilthey are consistently consuming 1Kgof starter ration per head per day.
Summary of Calf care from birth to weaning
• Facilitieso housing
o individual pens
• Feeding and nutritiono colostrum management
o calf nutrition
o water
• Health care and managemento umbilical cord.
o sanitation.
o preventive health care programs.
o dehorning.
o parasites.
o identification.
Thank you for your time