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West Bengal's presentation on Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan in New Delhi on 29 November 2013
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NBA Implementation in West Bengal: the strategy framework
Special focus on Social & Behaviour Change Communication
• In collaboration with UNICEF and Narendrapur Ramkrishna Mission Lok Siksha Parishad, West Bengal initiated total sanitation campaign in undivided Midnapore district in the 1990s
• The thrust was on promoting use of low cost sanitary toilets at the household level to protect families from water borne and faeces borne diseases
• Massive IEC campaign was the main trigger• Low cost-no subsidy/ low subsidy models were
preferred• NGO involvement was the key• Rural Sanitary Marts were established to serve the
twin purpose of motivating the families and providing low-cost sanitary toilets
Where we are
• Major success could be achieved in Purba Medinipur district
• North 24 Parganas and Howrah districts followed suit• The model was accepted and Rural Sanitary Marts
were established in every block of the state• The Marts had their cadre of Master Motivators and
Motivators who mobilized the community, spread awareness on the necessity of having toilets at home, collected contributions from the families and continued motivational interventions to promote continued use of the toilets
• Till 2012, more than 8 million toilets were constructed
Where we are
• While strong on community mobilization, the model had its limitation in terms of sustainability
• Low cost latrines perished and there were instances of families slipping back to open defecation due to non-availability of the facilities
• After prolonged experimentation, the State accepted the subsidy based model of household toilets
• Rural Sanitary Marts continued to play major role, especially in relation to construction of IHHL
• In the process the mass mobilization part was neglected
• Although 1/3rd of the Gram Panchayats achieved Nirmal Gram status, performance dipped and the rate of increment became slow
Where we are
MDG Goal 7:Ensure Environmental Sustainability
Indicator : Proportion of Population with Access to Improved Sanitation
Year India West Bengal Data Source2001 29.5 38.5 Census, GoI
2007-2008 51.0 57.4 DLHS-III
2008-2009 47.6 61.6 NSS 65th Round
2011 44.1 54.2 Census, GoI
MDG Target 62.2 63.0 CSO, MOSPI, GoI
Projection 51.8 62.1 Exponential Growth
Note : 1. Improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush into septic tank, piped sewer system, or pit; (b) ventilated improved pit latrine; (c) pit latrine with slab; and (d) compositing toilet.
2. Projection done based on Census data only.
MDG Goal 7:Ensure Environmental Sustainability
Indicator : Proportion of Population with Access to Improved Sanitation
2001 2011 201520
30
40
50
60
70
29.5
44.1
51.7946877074191
38.5
54.2
62.146218744311
India West Bengal
62.2
63.0
Goal 7:Ensure Environmental Sustainability
Proportion of population with access to improved sanitation
Less than 25%25% - 50%50% - 65%More than 65%
Birbhum23.4
Murshidabad
35.9
Maldah
29.5
Uttar Dinajpur
25.3
Koch Bihar51.5
Jalpaiguri45.0
Darjiling
60.0
Dakshin Dinajpur34.8
Paschim Mednipur
39.1 S-24 Parganas57.1
Kolkata
54.1
Haora
71.5
Barddhaman
53.3Puruliya
11.6Bankura
20.0Hugli
68.7 N-24Parganas82.0
Nadia68.4
PurbaMednipur
69.6
• Only 58.8% households have toilet facility within premises.
• 38.6% (77.52 lakh) households still resort to open defecation with almost 51% in rural areas.
• More than 60% households of Uttar Dinajpur, Dakshin Dinajpur, Maldah, Birbhum, Bankura and Purulia are going for open defecation.
• Rural Sanitary Marts are there to take care of the delivery mechanism
• Convergence with MGNREGS could be achieved at a large scale
• Strong commitment has been developed at the state level
• Sanitation, Hygiene Communication Strategy (SHACS) customized in the context of the state
• Massive communication activities have been planned and implemented
What are our strengths
What are the focuses of the communication strategy• Not just constructing toilets, but changing social
norms• Not individuals, but the community• Not just mass media interventions, but emphasis on
social and behviour change communication• Strong advocacy with the policy makers, social
mobilization of diverse group of stakeholders• Inter-personal communication with the community
members• Orientation of the newly elected Panchayat
functionaries
What have been done so far• State level consultation organized in January 2013 to
understand and contextualize SHACS• Contextualized state-specific SHACS prepared and
translated in Bengali• Document in soft copies shared with the districts for
adoption with scope for further contextualization• A series of Workshops organized with artists of
different folk forms to develop folk performances propagating the messages of ODF
• Swachhta Doots are in the process of identification, training and deployment in the field
What are we planning?• Focused activities in the districts to bring social and
behaviour change communication on ODF at the centre-stage of development interventions
• Wide-scale dissemination of sanitation messages through mass media, mid media interventions as well as advocacy and inter-personal communication
• Developing a strong NGO network for effective SBCC involving the community
• Community monitoring of progress towards ODF status for the villages through a set of indicators
Some evidences
•Sanitation spot developed and extensively used, especially in local cable channels (San spot)
•Folk media development workshops organized (folk media workshop)
•Folk songs developed for sharing in the field (folk product)
•World Toilet Day on 19 November 2013 widely celebrated across the State
Government of West Bengal appeals all key stakeholders to join the campaign for eliminating open defecation in West Bengal and take a pledge:
• to facilitate providing safe, affordable and adequate sanitation for all families in my jurisdiction, and strive to fulfill their basic human rights
• to support the actions for achieving Nirmal State status and lay my cooperation and leadership to support community mobilization and action involving all key stakeholders, civil societies and PRIs
• to be the pillar of encouragement to all government functionaries and PRIs to stop open defecation and acknowledge them as role models for adopting improved sanitation and hygiene practices, in their communities and villages
• to recognize the criticality and urgency to achieve ‘Open Defecation Free West Bengal’ by March 2017 and call for greater integration of administration, convergence with other development programs and leverage their commitment of resources.
Pledge for eliminating open defecation from West Bengal
MIC, Panchayats & Rural Development administering a pledge to all the District Magistrates and others on 19 November 2013
World Toilet Day 2013
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
18
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
19
I.E.C. Materials
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
20
I.E.C. Materials
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
21
Launching Programme of “Sabar Shouchagar”
Beneficiaries on queue to deposit contribution
Work Order to Sanitary Marts for taking up Construction
G.P.Level Celebration
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
22
Oath Affirmation to make an “Open Defecation Free Nadia District” on 2nd
October,2013
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
23
Members of Clusters and SHGs as Audience during the inauguration of “Sabar Shouchagar” Campaign
on 2nd Oct,13
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
24
MASON TRAINING FOR “SABAR SHOUCHAGAR”
HELD AT NABADWEEP BLOCK
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
25
Beginning of Construction
Labours Engaged for Digging Pits
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
26
BrickConcrete
Pillar
Leach Pit
Concrete Ring
Materials Required
Ceramic Rural Pan
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
27Construction Process is going on
Earthwork in Excavation of Foundation of the Latrine
Installation of Concrete
Pillar
Brick Work in Cement Morter in Superstructure of Foundation uptp Plinth
Installation of
Concrete Ring in
the Leach Pit
Step Wise Execution of Toilet Construction
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
28
Pit Cover
Progress of Construction Work
1 2
3 4 5
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
29
A Complete I.H.H.L. Constructed under convergence
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
30
Complete I.H.H.L with Logo embossed
"Sobar Shouchagar" -a convergence model: Nadia, West Bengal
31
Beneficiaries of Newly Constructed I.H.H.L.s
On blogger
http://devdreamer.blogspot.in/2013/11/world-toilet-day-2013.html
http://devdreamer.blogspot.in/2013/11/pledge-on-world-toilet-day-2013.html
Our story continues…