MALIK KHIZR HAYAT TIWANA

Punjab History: Khizr Hayat Tiwana

KHIZR HAYAT TIWANA: INTRO & RELATIONSSidra Jabeen Khan

FAMILY BACKGROUND

• Tiwana Rajput Family

• Father: Umar Hayat Khan

• Acted as the honarary aide-de-camp

• Landed aristocracy of the Punjab

• Political power & influence

• Land ownership

EARLY LIFE• Studied in Aitchison College,

Lahore

• Volunteered for war service when was 16 years old

• Commissioned to cavalry in the year 1918

• Earned him mentioned in dispatches

CAREER• Supported his father in the

supervision of the family estates in the Punjab

• Took responsibility for the estate during his father`s visit to London from 1929 to 1934

RELATIONS WITH SIKANDAR HAYAT KHAN

• Succeeded Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan as the Prime Minister of the Punjab and served in office from the year 1942 until 1947

• Right hand man

• Close companion

JOINING OF PUNJAB UNIONIST PARTY

• Hindu Jats and Muslim Rajputs founded it in 1923

• Khizr Hayat was its last leader

• In the year 1937, Tiwana was elected to the Punjab Legislative Assembly

• Joined as the Minister of Public Works in the cabinet of Sikandar Hayat Khan

• Sikandar effectively led the Unionist Muslim League in the election as Minister of Public Works.

• Served in this position until the year 1942

• Jaag Punjabi Jaag

Punjab Unionist

Party

• 1923• Sikandar Hayat

Khan

Punjab Muslim League

• Demands Separate Homeland

• Headed by Jinnah

PREMIER OF THE PUNJAB

• Consider as premier of Punjab

• Two times Government in Punjab (of Unionist Punjab Party) :

1942-46 (Party Leader) 1946-47 (Depended on Sir

Bertrand Glancy)

RELATIONS WITH QUAID-E-AZAM & OTHER POLITICAL LEADERS

• Khizr Hayat had denounced him as Kafir

• Clashes between both over Punjab region

• Vision of Punjab Future and Two Nation’s theory

• Jinnah-Khizr Talks : 1944 & political upshot (Jinnah and Khizr failed to materialize and Khizr was forced to sacrifice his political future to safeguard the British interests)

Jinnah

Khizr(Unionist

Party)

Choutu Ram

(Hindus)

Wavelle

Glancy(British)

RELATIONS WITH MUSLIM LEAGUE

• Based demands of ML as hatred of Non-Muslims

• Nothing in Quran that made Pakistan as sacred act

• Demand of partition is un-Islamic

• Party still called as Unionist Party not Mulsim League

EXPULSION & REORGANIZATION OF MUSLIM LEAGUE IN PUNJAB

• Iqbal & Quaid both working combinely

• Awakens Punjab Muslims

• Talks between Jinnah & Punjab Political Leaders

• Working on Muslim nationalism (culture, society, political, women role)

• Tiwana sacrificed his politics in interests of British

• Muslim League appear as most dominating party instead of Unionist Punjab Party

Resigned from post

Quit Politics

Go in favor of British

ROLE OF POLITICAL LEADERS, ULEMA & MASHAIKH PRESSAnum Nadeem

ROLE OF QUAID E AZAM IN TIME OF KHIZAR HAYAT

•Left Indian politics

•Relations with Qadiyanis

ULAMAS & JINNAH

• Ulamas were against Jinnah

• They were instigated & abetted by Indian National Congress.

SIR ZAFARULLAH KHAN

President of Indian Muslim LeagueAhmadiyya Movement

MOVEMENT OF KHATM E NABUWWAT

•The roots of Khatm e Nabuwwat can be traced back to 1880’s

•This movement gained its momentum in 1934

BACKGROUND

• Shah Waliullah started the regeneration of Islamic spirit.

• Shah Ismail Shaheed and Syed Ahmad Shaheed converted it into the Jehad Movement for the establishment of an Islamic state in the sub-continent

ROLE OF ULAMA IN CREATION OF PAKISTAN

•Movements by Ulamas•Jamiat Ul Hind in 1919

MOVEMENTS BY ULAMAS

•Silk Handkerchief Movement•Khilafat Movement•Majlis e Ahrar

MUSLIM LEAGUE & ULAMAS

• Ulama decided to support Muslim League.

• In 1940, AIML appointed a committee of the leading Ulama of Islam to prepare a draft of the system of government for it.

• Pro Congress Ulama

• Anti Congress Ulama

Two Important Newspapers of Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar•Comrade

•Hamdard

Role of Muslim Press

MUSLIM PRESS IN 1940’S

• Muslim League had built the strong Muslim Press in both Urdu and English. • Prominent Newspapers

Prominent Newspapers

•Zamindar•Nawai Waqt•Ehsan•Dawn

THE ELECTIONS OF KHIZAR HAYAT TIWANA (1946-1947)

Safina Shahid

• The provincial elections were held in February 1946.

• The congress leaders were thinking that they would succeed to capture some Muslim seats of Provincial legislative assembly. But the results of provincial elections also proved liken the central elections results, that the Muslims are united and Muslim League is only their representative party.

• In these elections overall:Congress got 55.5 percent Votes with 930 seats

(Sind 21, Bombay 128) U.P. 153,1. Muslim League got 74.3 percent Votes with 427

seats (Punjab 75).• These elections proved that majority of Muslims is

agreed with the programe of Muslim League, in other words demand for Pakistan is correct.

Muslim League mode com-ministry in two Muslim majority province Sind and Bengal.

In NWFP Dr. Khan Sahib made a congress ministry. The president of Punjab Muslim League, Nawabn

Mamdut was wanted to establish co-ministry in Punjab, but in this way he was faced two problems.

1) First, Quaid-i-Azam was not wanted co-ministry in Punjab.

2) Second, that the Muslim League contested the election on the basis of demand for Pakistan. While unionist party, Akali Dil and Congress opposed the division of Hind, so these three parties were not ready to units with Muslim League.

There was a group of seven or eight such members in Punjab assembly, who was ready to cooperate each party which asked for making ministry.

The Governor gave invitation to Khizar Hayat Tiwan to made ministry and also supported the collation party. Thus he slaughtered accepted principles of democracy. The delay and hesitation policy of Governor provided a chance to congress and Akales to unite each other. Two parties presented the following terms and condition for unity:

i. The congress should have the right to nominate ministers of any community.

ii. Congress and Akali should have half seats in government.

iii. Un-Provincial issues, like Pakistan issue would not discuss in assembly.

It is obvious that these terms were not acceptable for Muslim League

POLITICAL CONFERENCE AT SHIMLA

In 1945, Lord Vival decided to hold a political conference at Shimla.

In this conference, the member of Congress, Muslim League and National Unionist Party were invited.

Chief Minister of all other provinces and some other leaders were also invited to the conference.

The conference continued from 25 June to 14 July at Shimla.

In the conference, the suggestion of Aborree central government was presented in which all the departments except war and defense will remain with India.

Muslim League demanded that the entire five Muslim members should be taken from the Muslim League for the following Aborree government all executive council.

At last Vicory agreed, he took four members from the Muslim League but he wanted to take the fifth member from Sikh which was not in the Muslim League.

There was a conflict among National Unionist Party, the prime minister of Punjab Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana and Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah for the political dignity and the position of Muslim League. The non-Muslim members of the Muslim League had to face the criticism in the Punjab.

Its cause was the manifesto which was given in favor of Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana against Muslim League from the English and Hindu authorities.

RESULT OF THE CONFERENCE Congress was favoring Malik Khizar Hayat

Tiwana and it did not considered Muslim League as the representative of the Indian Muslims.

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah tried to persuade Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana to join Muslim League but Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana did not agree. Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah stuck to his point, that all the five members of the council should be taken from the Muslim League.

The conference failed because of the obstinacy of Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana and Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

THE ELECTIONS OF THE PUNJAB ASSEMBLY

The election of Punjab Assembly was held in the last days of January 1946.

For total 175 posts of the Assembly, about more than half dozens political parties nominated their five hundred candidates. The members were:

Muslim League - 84 Congress - 76 Akali Dul - 26 Communist - 27 Ahrar - 18 Redial - 03 Congress - 11 National Unionist Party - 02

RESULTS Unionist Party nominated candidates from all

seats. The candidates of the parties got walk over

in the constituencies, where Hindu Maha Sabha did not nominated there candidates.

The formal announcement of the election was announced in the early dates of April 1946. The result was:

Muslim League - 74 Congress - 51 Akali Dul - 22 Communist - 00 Ahrar - 00

Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana got success from three constituencies :

One Muslim constituency. Two landlords.

Instead of the past election these elections was held on party basis.

END OF KHIZAR HAYAT MINISTRY MARCH 1947

The civil Disobedient Movement was still continue in Punjab, the Britain prime Minister Ately decided on December 18, 1946, that the Lord Maunt Beton would be the vice Ray of India in the place of Lord veval.

Ately also announced on February 20, 1947, that Mount bettan would be the last vice Ray of India, because the Britain Government has decided to transfer the power till June 1947.

He said, that we wanted to transfer the power to such department which established through cabinet mission plan. If no agreement signed then we shall think that the responsibility of whole Britain India would be given to any central department. With this announcement Kizar Hayat became upset. Moreover, he was seriously teased by agitation of provincial league.

RESIGNATION OF KHIZAR HAYAT On March 12, 1947, according to the advice of Sir

Zaffar Ullah Khan, Khizar Hayat resigned from his co ministry on the next day said in a statement that:

“The statement of Britain prime minister revealed, that the parties should faced the reality. In these circumstances it is my duty to free the ground for Muslim League. So, that along with other parties it could make such arrangement, those are useful for the Muslims and province. I am ready to give any kind of help, which the league demanded. It is my utmost whish, that the severity of Punjab would sustained if this province partitioned, it would be a great loss for all Punjabis”

ROLE OF STUDENT AFFAIRS & CONCLUSIONHABIBA ISLAM

EDUCATIONAL CONTRIBUTION

OF KHIZAR HAYAT

WAR TAX IMPOSITION

BRILLIANT STUDENTS

SEND TO ABROAD ONE OF THEM WAS

DR.ABDUS SALAM

HE GOT NOBLE PRIZE IN THE WHOLE MUSLIM WORLDBUT HE COUD NOT CAUGHT THE POPULARTY BECAUSE HE WAS AHMEDII (QADYANNIS)

ORIGIN OF TIWANA DYNASTY

• THEY ORIGINATED FROM RAJPUT DYNASTY

• THEY EMBRACE ISLAM DURING REIGN OF

• QUTBU DIN AIBEK AHMED SHAH ABDALLI

MEANING OF CALLED BY GORA

TAWANNA TWO -ANNAS

LEGACY LEAGUE IN THE

PUNJAB

BRITISH GOVT & THEIR AIM

POLITICAL ISOLATION

PART OF UNIONIST

PARTY

QUAID E AZAM

ROLE OF MUSLIM LEAGUE

PARTITION PLAN

ROLE OF WAVELL

• HE WAS VICEROY OF INDIA IN 1943 • HIS AIM WAS TO MAKE SINGLE GEOGRAPHICAL ENTITY OF INDIA.• RISING OF CLASHES AND TIES OF MUSLIMS NATIONALISM• WAVELL POLICY TO ATTEMPTING THE SHAPES OF MUSLIMS POLITICS IN PUNJAB.

EVENT LEADING TO RESIGNATION OF

TIWANA • BLOODSHED PARTITION OF BENGAL AND ASSAM

• ITS EFFECTS ON PUNJAB

• ROLE OF SIKHS AND HINDUS

• BRITISH ABSOLUTE POICIES

• AFTER JINNAH-KHIZAR TALK IN 1944

• IN 1947 KHIZAR HAYAT GIVE RESIGNATION FROM HIS PRIMIERSHIP

PSYCHOLOGICAL CHANGESINWORLD POLITICS

EVOLUTION OF GLOBAL POLITICS

RISE OF HITLER IN EUROPE

HIGHLY AGGRESSIVE JAPENESE

BEGINNING OF 2ND WORLD WAR

GREAT BRITAIN DEPART

ROLE OF GLANCY IN PUNJAB POLITICS

ROLE OF CABINET MISSION PLAN

RED CLIFF AWARD ROLE IN PUNJAB

PARTITIONBLOODSHED PARTITION

ROUND TABLE CONFERENCE

CONCLUSION

KHIZAR HAYAT LIFE WAS FULL OF LUXURIES HE FULLFILL EVERY AMBITION OF HIS LIFEHE WAS LANDLORD HE HAS FOUR WIFE,ONE WAS PASS

AWAY,THIRD WAS MURDERER BY HIS SERVANT,FOURTH WAS IN AMERICA.

HE HAS FOUR CHILDRENS HE LEFT POLITICS IN 1949 AND WENT TO

AMERICA HE WAS DIED IN 1979 AT AGE OF 75…………..

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