Linking your resources to the Data Web

Linking your resourcesto the Data Web

Thomas BakerDublin Core Metadata Initiative

Linked Open Data @ AIMS4 December2012

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Linking Open Datacloud diagramby Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzschhttp://lod-cloud.net/

Data Web – the Cloud…

Data Web – zooming in…

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AGRIS record

AGROVOC concept

DBPediaconcept

VIVO Expert

BBC Web page

BBC News

Wikipediapage

How to link data into the “Semantic” Web

1. Publish your data on the Web.

2. Use Web addresses (URIs) as names for things.

3. Tag your resources with URIs (Agrovoc!).

4. Pointing to related resources with URIs.

See: http://aims.fao.org/sites/default/files/CIARD-2011-06-10.pdf http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html

http://aims.fao.org/sites/default/files/CIARD-2011-06-10.pdf



http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html

http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html

Describe things in a standard, reusable way

Simple “statements” using bits of data to describe things.

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ResourcerelatedTo

ResourceA ResourceB

ResourcedescribedBy

ResourceA Text data

RDF – the grammar for data statements

These are called “triples”.

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ResourcetranslatedBy

http://bookA http://personB

ResourcehasName

http://personB “Alan Oh”

EXAMPLE: “LINKING” TWO RESOURCES

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Resource A: Article indexed in AGRIS database

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Topic of the articleIs “acrididae”, i.e.“grasshoppers”.

One author is named“Lu Hui”.

Statements about Resource A as “pseudo-triples”

Subject Predicate Object

Resource A has the Title 典型草原三种蝗虫种群死亡率的研究

Resource A has an Author Lu Hui

Resource A has a Topic Acrididae (grasshoppers)

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Triplifying the description…


agris:CN2009002389 has the Title 典型草原三种蝗虫种群死亡率的研究

agris:CN2009002389 has an Author Lu Hui

agris:CN2009002389 has a Topic Acrididae (grasshoppers)

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Resource A is identified by the URI http://agris.fao.org/resource/CN2009002389.Let’s abbreviate this as agris:CN2009002389.

http://agris.fao.org/resource/CN2009002389

http://agris.fao.org/resource/CN2009002389




agris:CN2009002389 has an Author agris-author:luhui


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The author is identified by the URI http://agris.fao.org/author/luhui.Let’s abbreviate this as agris-author:luhui.





agris-author:luhui has the Name Lu Hui


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The author agris-author:luhui has the name Lu Hui.






agris:CN2009002389 has a Topic agrovoc:c_4416

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The topic is identified by the URI http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4416.Let’s abbreviate this as agrovoc:c_4416.







agrovoc:c_4416 has preferred label Acrididae (en)

agrovoc:c_4416 has preferred label 蝗科 (zh)

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The description of http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4416 in the AGROVOCConcept Scheme tells us how this concept is labeled in English and in Chinese.



agris:CN2009002389 dct:title 典型草原三种蝗虫种群死亡率的研究






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The Dublin Core element “Title” is identified by the URI http://purl.org/dc/terms/title.Let’s abbreviate this as dct:title.




agris:CN2009002389 dct:creator agris-author:luhui

agris-author:luhui foaf:name Lu Hui

agris:CN2009002389 dct:subject agrovoc:c_4416



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Ditto for author (i.e., creator) and topic (i.e. subject).Name is defined in the FOAF vocabulary.







agrovoc:c_4416 skos:prefLabel Acrididae (en)

agrovoc:c_4416 skos:prefLabel 蝗科 (zh)

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A property for the preferred label of a concept has been definedIn the Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) vocabulary.

The triples seen as a graph






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agris:CN…389dct:title 典型草…

Lu Hui

agris-author:luhui

dct:subject

agrovoc:c_4416

foaf:name

dct:creator

Resource B: AGRIS article in German

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Triples describing Resource B seen as a graph


agris:CH2001000179 dct:title Heuschrecken brauchen ökologische Ausgleichsflächen

agris:CH2001000179 dct:creator agris-author:peterb

agris-author:luhui foaf:name Peter, B.

agris:CH2001000179 dct:subject agrovoc:c_4416

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agris:CH…179dct:title Heuschrecken

Peter, B.

agris-author:peterb

dct:subject

agrovoc:c_4416

foaf:name

dct:creator

Merging triples for Resource A…






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…with triples for Resource B…






agris:CH2001000179 dct:title Heuschrecken brauchen ökologische Ausgleichsflächen




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The computer detects matching URIs...





agris:CN2009002389 dct:subject agrovoc:c_4416agris:CH2001000179 dct:title Heuschrecken brauchen

ökologische Ausgleichsflächen




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The computer detects matching URIs...

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agris:CN…389dct:title

典型草…

Lu Hui

agris-author:luhui

dct:subjectagrovoc:c_4416

foaf:name

dct:creator


Peter, B.

agris-author:peterb

dct:subject

agrovoc:c_4416foaf:name

dct:creator

…and merges (“links”) the graphs into one.

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agris:CN…389dct:title

典型草…

Lu Hui

agris-author:luhui

dct:subject

foaf:name

dct:creator


Peter, B.

agris-author:peterb

dct:subject

agrovoc:c_4416foaf:name

dct:creator

Resources in differentlanguages, linked by reference to a commonKOS Concept.

An “infinitely expandabledescription”…!

CASTING A WIDER NET

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http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Orthoptera

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http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Orthoptera.rdf

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The BBC Grasshopper page links to a news article…

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http://news.bbc.co.uk/earth/hi/earth_news/newsid_8172000/8172168.stm

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…and to a DBPedia category…

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http://dbpedia.org/page/Orthoptera

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…using information extracted from Wikipedia.

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What else links to the DBPedia concept…?

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…the description of an expert!

What else links to the DBPedia concept?

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“exactly matches”

“broader than”

“Six degrees of (linked-data) separation”…

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AGRIS record

AGROVOC concept

DBPediaconcept

VIVO Expert

BBC Web page

BBC News

Wikipediapage

From one record, many links

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AGRIS record

AGROVOC

AGRIS Authors Dublin Core

FOAF

SKOS

Recipe for Linking your Data

1. Decide what bits of your data are most important (eg, Subject, Author, Publisher…).

2. Whenever possible, use URIs (eg, Agrovoc terms) to name those things.

3. Publish your data in RDF on the Web, where others can link to it.

4. Keep it simple. Simple solutions can be enough to yield good results.

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Education

Linking your resources to the Data Web