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Prepared by Bishwas [email protected]
Introduction Leafy vegetables are sources of minerals and
vitamins. Dieticians recommended daily consumption of 100 – 120 gm leafy vegetables for a balance diet. The important leafy vegetables grown in Nepal are as follows:-
BLM
Spinch Lettuce
IntroductionS.N Common name Botanical
nameNepali name
family
1 Broad leavedmustard
Brassica juncea var. rugosa.
Rayo sag crucifereae
2 Spinach Spinaceae olreaceae.
Palungo Chenopodiceae
3 Fenugreek Fenugreek Methi Leguminaceae
4 Lettuce Lactuca sativa. Jiri ko sag
Compositeae
Importance
Broad leaf mustardClimate:It is a winter crop from terai to the mid
hills where as it is a summer crop for the high hills. It can tolerated frost and snow. The opt. temperature for its proper growth and development is 15 – 20oC. Under cooler conditions the quality of the leaf becomes better. Under warmer conditions it bolts and the leaf quality is also poor.
Soil: It can be grown almost all types of soils but loam soil is preferred. can be grown successfully within pH range 7 – 10.5.
Cont……..Cultivar:Khumal broad leafMarpha broad leafKhumal red leafSeed rate:600 gm/hacSpacing: 30 X 10-15 cm.
Nursery bed preparationThe soil is ploughed 3 – 4 times and the land is
made leveledWhile preparing the soil, the OM and fertilizers
should be applied as a basal dose and seeds are sown.
For raising seedlings, raised beds should be prepared in such a way that each bed carries single or double rows of plant.
Row to row spacing of 5 – 10 cm should be maintained. After the seed germinates and becomes 2 – 3 leaf stage they are transplanted to the prepared main field.
Field preparation2 – 3 times ploughing and leveling of land is
needed. For the winter crop, a flat bed is prepared where as for a rainy crop seedlings are transplanted on ridges
Sowing and harvesting:
region Sowing time Harvesting time
High hill Falgun-baisakh Jestha-bhadra
Mid hill Bhadra-mansir Kartik-falgun
terai Asoj-poush Kartik-falgun
Cont…………Manuring: FYM or compost: 20 Mt/hac.100: 40: 40 Kg NPK/hac.nitrogen should be side dressed in three splits:
1st 25 – 30 days, 2nd 45 – 20 days and the last doses 70 – 80 days after seedling transplanting
Irrigation:Light irrigation should be continued until the seedlings are well established. Irrigation should be given as and when needed.
Weeding:Weeds are a problem in mustard crops. Weeding and hoeing should be practiced regularly.
Harvesting and yieldLeaves become ready to harvest at about 25 – 30
days after transplanting. Leaves should be harvested without damaging the plant and should be cut with the help of a knife at the base of the sheath. Tender leaves should be harvested regularly to get a higher yield. Delayed harvesting of over matured leaves causes lower yield. Depending upon the variety, the yield varies from 30 – 40 ton/hac.
species varieties Seed rate(kg/ha)
spacing
fertilizer Harvesting
spianch Verginia savory,Early smooth leafPatane local
1.5-2 30*10 FYM: 20 tons/hac. and 60: 40: 40 Kg/hac. NPK
Leaves become ready for harvest in 40 – 50 days after transplanting. Leaves are harvested as in broad leaf mustard without damaging the plant
letttuce Great lakes, Impariol 859. White Boston, Big Boston, May king , Chinese Yellow, Slow Bolt
500 gm/hac.
30 – 45 X 20 – 25 cm
FYM or compost:- 20 tonn/hac.NPK in the ratio of 80: 40: 40 Kg/hac.
Leaf lettuce should be harvested when the leaves are fully developed and before head is formed.
Nursery bed for leafy vegetables
THANK YOU FOR YOURATTENTION
