04/10/2304/10/23 Manuel Cruz Martínez, 4º BManuel Cruz Martínez, 4º B

IMPRESSIONISM.IMPRESSIONISM.

Pierre- Auguste Renoir, Girls at

the piano.

Edgar Degas, Ballet rehearsal.

INDEX:INDEX: Impressionism |1|. Impressionism |2|. Main features of Impressionism. Painting. Édouard Manet. Claude Monet. Pierre- Auguste Renoir. Edgar Degas. Alfred Sisley. Camille Pissarro. Impressionism in Spain. Sorolla. Sculpture. Auguste Rodin. Explanation of a painting: Rouen Cathedral, by Claude Monet Explanation of a sculpture: The Thinker, by Auguste Rodin Sources.

Impressionism |1|. Impressionism |2|. Main features of Impressionism. Painting. Édouard Manet. Claude Monet. Pierre- Auguste Renoir. Edgar Degas. Alfred Sisley.Alfred Sisley. Camille Pissarro.Camille Pissarro. Impressionism in Spain.Impressionism in Spain. Sorolla.Sorolla. Sculpture.Sculpture. Auguste Rodin.Auguste Rodin. Explanation of a painting: Explanation of a painting: Rouen CathedralRouen Cathedral, by Claude Monet, by Claude Monet Explanation of a sculpture: Explanation of a sculpture: The ThinkerThe Thinker, by Auguste Rodin, by Auguste Rodin Sources.Sources.

Impresionism |1|Impresionism |1| The scientific advances of the 19The scientific advances of the 19thth century, especially the invention of century, especially the invention of

photography, had an important influence on art evolution. At the end of the photography, had an important influence on art evolution. At the end of the 19th century reflecting reality was not a priority for artists any more. So 19th century reflecting reality was not a priority for artists any more. So many artists started experiencing with colours, atmosphere, sensation and many artists started experiencing with colours, atmosphere, sensation and representing their subjective point of view in their works. This was the representing their subjective point of view in their works. This was the beginning of the avant-garde styles of the 20beginning of the avant-garde styles of the 20thth century.    century.   

Sea-Roses, by Renoir.

Impresionism |2|Impresionism |2| Impressionist painters never spoke of themselves using this word Impressionist painters never spoke of themselves using this word

(Impressionism). It was applied to them in a pejorative way by critic Louis (Impressionism). It was applied to them in a pejorative way by critic Louis Leroy, as he saw Monet's Leroy, as he saw Monet's Impression Dusk or Impression: Raising SunImpression Dusk or Impression: Raising Sun, , painted in 1872 and shown in an exhibition in 1874. On the following day, painted in 1872 and shown in an exhibition in 1874. On the following day, doing a parody of the picture's title in order to make a joke, Leroy gave doing a parody of the picture's title in order to make a joke, Leroy gave name to the new movement: ‘When I beheld the work I thought that my name to the new movement: ‘When I beheld the work I thought that my glasses were dirty, what did this canvas mean?.. The picture had neither glasses were dirty, what did this canvas mean?.. The picture had neither up nor down... Impression! Of course, it makes an impression... Coloured up nor down... Impression! Of course, it makes an impression... Coloured paper in his embrionary state is more complete than this sea-scene'. In this paper in his embrionary state is more complete than this sea-scene'. In this way the word "Impressionism" became the name of the stream that would way the word "Impressionism" became the name of the stream that would make feel proud even to Leroy himself.make feel proud even to Leroy himself.It caused a big scandal, similar to that experienced by Manet. The refined It caused a big scandal, similar to that experienced by Manet. The refined public of the moment was not ready to accept a revolution like the one that public of the moment was not ready to accept a revolution like the one that the Impressionists proposed. Jokes and drastic criticisms they suffered the Impressionists proposed. Jokes and drastic criticisms they suffered would make them succeed.would make them succeed.

Claude Monet reading, by Renoir.

Main features of Main features of Impressionism.Impressionism.

Asymmetrical BalanceAsymmetrical Balance Use of Coloured ShadowsUse of Coloured Shadows Use of Pure ColorUse of Pure Color Broken Colour or Broken BrushstrokesBroken Colour or Broken Brushstrokes Use of ImpastoUse of Impasto Subjective themesSubjective themes High Horizontal LineHigh Horizontal Line Photographic InfluencePhotographic Influence Influence of Japanese PrintsInfluence of Japanese Prints "En Plein Air“ "En Plein Air“ paintingpainting

Alfred Sisley, Le Loing à Saint-

Mammès.

PAINTING.PAINTING.

Alfred Sisley, Les berges de l'Oise.

Camille Pissarro, Paysanne poussant une brouette.

Édouard Manet.Édouard Manet.

He was the precursor of Impressionism. He admired Velázquez He was the precursor of Impressionism. He admired Velázquez and Goya. Some of his paintings are: and Goya. Some of his paintings are: The balcony, The fifer, The balcony, The fifer, Olympia, The Luncheon on the grass.Olympia, The Luncheon on the grass.

Édouard Manet, The Balcony. Édouard

Manet, The Fifer.

Édouard Monet, Olympia.

Claude Monet.Claude Monet.

He was really interested in light and how it can change a He was really interested in light and how it can change a landscape. he made different series of the same theme.landscape. he made different series of the same theme.

Claude Monet, Impression.

Claude Monet, Sunrise. Claude Monet,

Water lilies.

Pierre- Auguste Renoir.Pierre- Auguste Renoir. He was mainly interested in two things: the scenes in open air and He was mainly interested in two things: the scenes in open air and

the feminine beauty and sensuality.the feminine beauty and sensuality.

Pierre- Auguste Renoir, The Swing.

Pierre- Auguste Renoir, Luncheon

at the Boating Party.

Pierre- Auguste Renoir, Dance at the Moulin de la Galette.

Edgar Degas.Edgar Degas.

He was focused on human figure and movement. He painted He was focused on human figure and movement. He painted scenes of dancers and racecourses.scenes of dancers and racecourses.

Edgar Degas, The dance class. Edgar Degas, L

´Absinthe.

Edgar Degas, The Tub.

Alfred Sisley.Alfred Sisley.

He painted scenes in the open air, such as Flood at Port- Marly.He painted scenes in the open air, such as Flood at Port- Marly.

Alfred Sisley, Flood at Port- Marly.

Alfred Sisley, Le

canal Saint-Martin.

Alfred Sisley, Passerelle d'Argenteuil

Camille Pissarro.Camille Pissarro. As Alfred Sisley he painted scenes in the open air, such as As Alfred Sisley he painted scenes in the open air, such as

Boulevard Montmartre.Boulevard Montmartre.

Camile Pissarro,

Boulevard Montamartre at

night.

Camille Pissarro, La Moisson.

Camille Pissarro, Le

Jardin à Pontoise.

IMPRESSIONISMIMPRESSIONISM ININ SPAINSPAIN

Sorolla, Sad Inheritance.

Sorolla.Sorolla.

His most important paintings were his beach paintings, which can His most important paintings were his beach paintings, which can be classified as belonging to this style.be classified as belonging to this style.

Sorolla, Children on the Seashore.

Sorolla, Walk on the Beach.

Sorolla, Castilla.

SCULPTURE.SCULPTURE.

Auguste Rodín, The age of Bronze.

Auguste RodinAuguste Rodin

He used multiple planes to get light effects. Some of his He used multiple planes to get light effects. Some of his main works of art were: main works of art were: The kiss, The thinker and Balzac.The kiss, The thinker and Balzac.

Auguste Rodin, The Kiss. Auguste Rodin, Balzac.

Auguste Rodin, The Burghers of Calais.

Explanation of a painting:Explanation of a painting: Claude Monet:Claude Monet: Rouen Cathedral. Rouen Cathedral. It corresponds to the It corresponds to the

series of paintings of the Rouen Cathedral.series of paintings of the Rouen Cathedral.

"Rouen Cathedral", Claude Monet. It was made between 1892 and 1893 and reworked in Monet´s studio in 1894. The material used was oil on canvas. There are 17 different version of this painting. This one is located in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., USA. The meaning of this painting was the purpose of showing that light could change a landscape. It can be considered as belonging to Impressionism because of the use of light. It has a lot of importance because he selected what he considered to be the twenty best paintings from the series to exhibit at his Paris dealer’s gallery and it influenced other artist too, like Pissarro and Cézanne. Some important information is that apart from its religious significance, Rouen Cathedral–built in the Gothic style–represented all that was best in French history and culture, being a style of architecture that was admired and adopted by many European countries during the Middle Ages. Monet made a lot of paintings about this theme, he used different colours to represent his interest in light.

Explanation of a sculpture:Explanation of a sculpture:

Auguste Rodin:Auguste Rodin: The ThinkerThe Thinker

It was made in 1902, now it's in the Museé Rodin in Paris. There are some twenty other original castings as well as various other versions, studies, and posthumous castings. It represents a man in sober meditation battling with a powerful internal struggle. It's often used in philosophy. It's considered the best sculpture and most representative of Impressionism. He was in origin named "The Poet" the piece was part of a commission by the Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris to create a monumental portal to act as the door of the museum. It's made in bronze and marble. As you can see it´s an impressionist sculpture because of the expression of “The Thinker”.

Sources:Sources: Campo de Criptana Cristina Blanco and Paqui Perez Fons (2011). Campo de Criptana Cristina Blanco and Paqui Perez Fons (2011).

Social Sciences History 4th Year ESOSocial Sciences History 4th Year ESO.. Anonimous writter. Anonimous writter. "The Thinker""The Thinker", web site "Wikipedia, the free , web site "Wikipedia, the free

encyclopedia", entered in the 28th of April of 2012, consulted in encyclopedia", entered in the 28th of April of 2012, consulted in the 28th of April of 2012. URL: the 28th of April of 2012. URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Thinker

Beatriz Aragonés EscobarBeatriz Aragonés Escobar. . "Impressionism""Impressionism", sitio web , sitio web "Spanisharts", consulted in the 28th of April of 2012. URL: "Spanisharts", consulted in the 28th of April of 2012. URL: http://www.spanisharts.com/history/del_impres_s.XX/impresionismo/i_impresionismo.html