+

U.S. Rise to Power

+Words to Know:

Isolationism

Expansionism

Imperialism

+Monroe Doctrine

James Monroe: 1822

Stated that the United States would not interfere with any

European colonies already existing, but opposes any new

colonies in North and South America

U.S. continued to sign treaties with Latin America for trade and

business

+Why expand?

After the frontier is settled, need new places to do business

with

Some consider our job to “lift up” those who are uncivilized

Americans do have mixed feelings on the ideas of expansion

Can we build our power peacefully? William Seward believed

we could. Trade is the way we can do that.

+The U.S. Goes Shopping

Alaska: 1867, Purchased from

Russia

Midway Islands: 1867, a

“midway” stopping point for

ships on their way to China

+Hawaii

Independent tribes at first, King Kamehameha unifies them

1790’s begins trade with the U.S.

Americans and Europeans devastated the island with diseases

1820’s Christian Missionaries arrive

1830’s Sugar Cane introduced, industry grows with American help

Tariff’s relaxed for Hawaiian’s

Queen does not agree with Hawaii’s annexation, farmers

revolt, Hawaiians unhappy, farmers prevail 1898

+Samoa

On the trade route to Australia

1830’s missionaries arrive

1878 given trade rights and a place for a naval station

1899 GBR, US and GER meet and divide Samoa, without their

permission

Annexed 1899

+China

Many countries have stakes in China

US was worried they would miss out on opportunities

“Open Door Policy” Nations could trade freely throughout

China, benefits US

Boxer Rebellion: Secret society rebelling against the “Foreign

Devils”, fought for 2 months until defeated

A second “Open Door Policy” comes up: Maintain China’s

independence and trade continues

+Japan

Japan ignores the open door policy

Goes to war with Russia

Conflict with the U.S. over trade

Japan becomes a major naval power by 1905

Japanese immigration to the US grows greatly during this time

of war with Russia

Anti-Asian feelings emerge

“Gentlemen’s Agreement” No more immigrants

+Spanish American War Cubans treated poorly by Spain for years

Cubans tried rebelling many times, unsuccessful

Many Presidents stayed out of the issue

Americans were appalled by Spain’s behavior, newspapers

began telling stories of the Cuban people, brought attention to

their plight

President McKinley finally intervenes, sends the

Maine, supposedly attacked, U.S. sends a msg to Spain to get

out

War declared on April 25, 1898

+Philippines

First violence of Spanish American war starts here

Base for Spanish Navy

President sends message to brace for attacks

May 1st, attack

Filipino’s support US, Spain treats them badly as well

Finally defeated, Philippine’s gains independence from

Spain, but under U.S. control

+Continued…

Cuba: Teddy Roosevelt and his Rough Riders charge San

Juan Hill, Spanish American war ends

Spain’s rule in this area of the world is mainly over

Puerto Rico is quickly taken into US control

War lasts only 4 months, few lives lost in battle, thousands lost

to disease

Treaty of Paris: Dec. 10, 1898 ends Spanish Strong holds

+Shopping again!

Cuba becomes a “protectorate”

1901, we give Cuba it’s independence, but they must allow us

trade rights, we get Guantanamo Naval base and the right to

intervene in their independence is ever threatened

Guam and Puerto Rico are “territories,” American Citizens

Philippines becomes an independent country finally in 1946

after much debate and bloodshed

+Latin America

1901: US buys lease from France to build the Panama Canal

Buys 99 year lease from Colombia for the land, but loses it

when Colombians protest the sale

T. Rose gets Panama to rise up against Colombia to declare

their independence

Nov. 6, 1903, Panama is now independent

Hay Treaty gives land to US for Canal

Opens Aug 14, 1914

+T. Rose

“Speak Softly and Carry A Big Stick”

Respond to foreign affairs with military actions

Exercise “international foreign policy”

Instability in Latin America could lead to European takeovers

Roosevelt Corollary: The right to intervene in Domestic Affairs

of Latin America no matter what

This went on for 30 years

+Taft

Intervene whenever American Business prosperity is

threatened

American investments bring stability

Dollar Diplomacy: American business grows greatly in Latin

America during this time

Whenever our business would be threatened, military would

intervene

+Mexican Revolution

Moral Diplomacy: Woodrow Wilson, felt that military action

wasn’t always necessary, hoped that teaching people to act

morally could get more done, teach people to elect good

leaders

Mexico was very poor with few rich leaders running the country

Civil War in Mexico

US tried to intervene and calm the war, but situations in Europe

were taking the attention

+We will fight when our

interests are being threatened