Names, formulas and uses of inorganic compunds

Nomenclature

IUPAC

• The international union of pure and applied chemistry.

• Compounds– Binary

• Oxides

• Anhydride

• Hydrates

• Hydroxide

• Acids

• Salts

– Ternary • Oxiacids

• Oxisal

Binary

• Oxides = A metal + Oxygen

• Anhydride = Non metal + oxygen

• Hydrates = Metal + hydrogen

• Hydroxide = hydrogen + Non metal

• Salts = Metal and Non Metal

Haloid Salts Tutorial

, where:

The non metal work with negative valence and the metal, with positive valences. Observing the table of valences, specifically the nonmetals, you will find that single nine elements work with negative valence and they are distributed in the groupsVA (P y N; con -3), VIA (S, Se and Te; -2) and VIIA (F, Cl, Br and I; -1).

All of them are combined with any metal of the table and form the called binary salts or haloids.

Metal and No Metal

Haloid Salts are formed by:

Then, if we link a metal with each one of the previous elements and using the same process to cross the valences, we will obtain the chemical formulas of some haloid Salts: Example:

Au+1 F-1 AuF Au+1 S-2 Au2S

Au+1 P-3 Au3P

In the formula,: Which is the similarity that has the haloid salts with oxides and hydrures?

Perfect! It is indeed the metal presence and is this one, the same similarity in nomenclature. In order to name them, we will use the nomenclature:

* _________ure of _________ _________ Root of no metal Metal Name Metal Valence

in Roman number (It remember that a single Roman number is placed if the metal has 2 valences).

If we retake the formula that already we elaborated in the previous section and we applied the nomenclature rule, we will obtain the name of the next three:

Au+1 with F-1 AuF Fluorure of Gold IAu+1 with S-2 Au2S Sulfure of Gold I

Au+1 with P-3 Au3P Fosfure of Gold I

Now we will see the obtaining reaction of haloid Salts:

Metal + No metal haloid SaltExample:

Sn+4 + Cl2 SnCl4

Remember that applying the reaction to form the compound, there are not taken into account diatomic molecules. The nonmetals that we used to form haloid salts, are diatomic: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Fluor, Chlorine, Bromine and Iodine. This means that you will put two of them like single subscript when placing them like reagents, as well as we did it in the previous example.

Retaking the example, now we will have in order to conclude the exercise:

balance by trial

Sn+4 + Cl2 SnCl4

Observe that to equal the amount of masses, you must add a coefficient in chlorine:

Sn+4 + 2Cl2 SnCl4

As you see, the rules of nomenclature for the different functions are very similar to each other, overall when we hand functions that contain metals, we always named them equal. In order to consolidate the subject, now solve the next exercises:

I. make the formula corresponding to each compound:1)Bromide of Silver 2) chlorure of Bismuth V. 3) manganese of Teluro III. 4) Selenuro of calcium5) Nitride of iron II

II. write down the name corresponding to each chemical formula:1) CoP 4) SrF2

2) ZnTe 5) Cr3N2

3) KI

III. complete and balance the following reactions:1) Pb+4 + Br2 3) Ba + P2 2) Hg+1 + S