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By Meghan Gallagher
ART HISTORY REVIEW
• High Classical Greek 450- 400 BC
WHITE-GROUND LEKYTHOS
• Hellenistic 323- 31 BC
WINGED NIKE OF SAMOTHRACE
• High Classical Greek 450- 400 BC
EQUESTRIAN GROUP
• Cycladic 3000- 1000 BC
FEMALE CYCLADIC IDOL
• Mycenean 1600-1100 BC
“MASK OF AGAMEMNON”
• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
TEMPLE OF ATHENA NIKE, ACROPOLIS
• Hellenistic 323- 31 BC
BOY WRESTLING WITH A GOOSE
• Early Classical 480- 450 BC
POSEIDON/ ZEUS
• High Classical Greek 450- 400 BC
THREE GODDESSES, BIRTH OF ATHENA, PEDIMENT, PARTHENON
• Geometric Greek 1000- 700 BC
GEOMETRIC AMPHORA
• Orientalizing 700-600 BC
POLYPHEMOS AMPHORA
• Archaic 600- 480 BC
RED- FIGURE KARATER
• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
ACROPOLIS, ATHENS
• Early Classical
NIOBID KRATER
• Hellenistic 323-31 BC
HEAD OF ALEXANDER
• Mycenean 1600-1100 BC
MEGARON
• Minoan 2000- 1500 BC
TOREADOR FRESCO
• Minoan 2000- 1500 BC
SNAKE GODDESS
• Mycenean 1600-1100 BC
LION GATE
• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
GREEK AND CENTAUR METOPE
• Late Classical Greek 400- 300 BC
THEATER AT EPIDAUROS
• Hellenistic 323- 31 BC
ALTAR OF ZEUS, PERGAMON
• High Classical Greek 450- 400 BC
CARYATID PORCH
• Mycenean 1600- 1100 BC
GRAVE CIRCLE A
• Minoan 2000-1500 BC
QUEEN’S MEGARON
• Archaic 600-480 BC
NEW YORK KOUROS
• Mycenean 1600- 1100 BC
THOLOS TOMB
• Cycladic 3000-1000 BC
MALE CYCLADIC AULOS PLAYER
• Hellenistic 323-31 BC
ALEXANDER MOSAIC
• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
BIRTH OF ATHENA
• Early Classical 480- 450 BC
KRITIOS BOY
• Hellenistic 323-31 BC
LAOCOON AND HIS SONS
• Minoan 2000- 1500 BC
OCTOPUS VASE
• Archaic 600-480 BC
BLACK- FIGURE AMPHORA
• Hellenistic 323-31 BC
ALTAR OF ZEUS
• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
ERECHTHEUM
• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
POLYKLEITOS, DORYPHOS
• Archaic 600-480 BC
PEPLOS KORE
• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
PARTHENON
• High Classical Greek 450- 400 BC
ACROPOLIS
• Late Classical Greek 400-300 BC
PRAXITELES
• Hellenistic 323-31 BC
ATHENA BATTLING WITH ALKYONEOS
• High Classical Greek 450- 400 BC
TEMPLE OF ZEUS
QUESTIONS
• What is one theroy on how minoan palaces were destroyed and culture ended?
NATURAL CATASTROPHIC
EARTHQUAKE AND VOLCANO ERUPTION
• Terra- Cotta means?
BAKED EARTH
What are the names of the four vase shapes pictured below?
-KYLIX-KRATER
-AMPHORA-LEKYTHO
What are 2 Hellenistic stylistic conventions of the work shown?
STRONG DIAGONALS AND
SHOWING MOVEMENT
What are 2 stylistic conventions of geometric vase paintings?
-GEOMETRIC SHAPES
-HORROR VACUII
What was the goal of the Panathenaic procession?
Where is is depicted on the Parthenon?
THEY WERE TAKING A NEW
SHROWED TO HER AND IT WAS ON
THE FRIEZE
What was the Kylix used for?
DRINKING CUP, WIDE BOWL,
ALMOST PLATE.
What was the amphora used for?
TRANSPORT LIQUIDS, VASE
WITH LONG NECK, 2 HANDELS, BIG
BOTTOM
How did the Poseidon and Warrior form Riace avoid being melted down?
IT GOT LOST UNDER THE OCEAN, WHICH PROTECTED
IT FROM BEING DESTROYED.
What was the Krater used for?
TO MIX THE WINE AND
WATER TOGETHER
What were most white- ground lekythoi used for?
PUT ON GRAVES, HELD PRECIOUS
OILS.
What are the 3 parts of the Greek entablature, from the bottom part up?
-ARCHITRAVE-FRIEZE
-CORNICE
How did the palace at knossos function in addition to being Residence?
SERVED AS A DISTRIBUTION CENTER AND SENDING OUT
GOODS.
Who discovered and Restored knossos?
AURTHER EVANS 1900
What large room in Minonan and Mycenean palaces had 3 parts?
MEGARON
What kind of arch did the Myceneans use?
CORBELING
Why would the tree trunk not be meeded in the original statue?
THE ORIGINAL SCULPTURE WAS
BRONZE AND HOLLOW, SO IT WASN’T HEAVY.
Why did the Athenians rebuild the Parthenon and other buildings?
How did they fund the rebuilding?
PERICLES REBUILT IT AS A MEMORIAL TO THE WAR
WITH THE PERSIANS.
IT WAS FUNDED WITH OTHER CITYSTATE
MONEY.
An architectual order is an arrangenent of ______ and________.
GREECE AND ROME
A row of columns is called a?
COLONNADE- PARISTYLE
What did the Greeks call foreigners who didn’t speak their language?
BARBARIANS
What is unusual about the form of Minoan and Mycenean columns?
REVERSE TAPERED, BIGGER AT THE
TOP AND NARROW AT BOTTOM.
The cornice encloses a triangular section at the end of a building of porch called the
_______.
THE PEDIMENT
Who convinced the Athenians to restore the temples of Acropolis?
PERICLES
What is the origin of the terms ‘Doric’ and ‘Ionic’ for the architetural orders?
DORIC= PLACE ON MAINLAND CALLED DORISS, USED ON
MAINLAND ONLY.
IONIC= NAMED FOR IONIA, USED ACROSS THE AGEAN SEA.
What are 3 ways the Parthenon is different from a typical temple?
1. CORNER COLUMNS CLOSER TOGETHER
2. COLUMNS POINT INWARD3. ENTIRELY MARBLE
4. WIDER THAN OTHER TEMPLES
What is one traditional method used to cast large bronze sculptures?
THE WAX METHOD
What are column flutes?
CONCAVE GROOVES
How is the weight shifted in the contraposto stance?
THE WEIGHT IS SHIFTED ONTO ONE LED, THE HEAD IS
SLIGHTLY TURNED, AND THE STANCE IS
RELAXED.
Where is the only place, besides the roof, where statues can be placed on the
exterior of a Greek Temple?
FRIEZE
What is one meaning of the term ‘classical’ when applied to art?
VARIETY AND UNITY (?)
GREEK ERAS
GEOMETRIC= 1000-1700 BCORIENTALIZING= 700-600 BC
ARCHAIC= 600-480 BCEARLY CLASSICAL= 480-450 BCHIGH CLASSICAL= 400-300 BC
HELLENISTIC= 323-31 BC
Who first discovered Mycenae and Troy?
HEINRICH SCHLIEMANN
What did the Romans call Greeks? What did the Greeks call themselves?
ROMANS= GREEKS
GREEKS= HELLEANS
Where did the Greeks settle?
ON THE MAINLAND, SOUTHERN ITALY AND
SICILY, AEGEAN ISLANDS, AND COAST OF TURKEY
(ASIA MINOR)
What significant event marked the transition from the Archaic period to the
Early classical period?
PERSIAN WAR=
GREEKS VS. PERSIANS.END OF WAR WAS 479 BC.
What is Akrotiri?
ISLAND BETWEEN CRETE AND CYCLADES.
What does ‘Kouros’ mean?
What does ‘Kore’ mean?
KOUROS= YOUNG MAN= YOUTH
KORE= YOUNG WOMAN= MAIDEN
What is the purpose of the naos/cella?
MAIN ROOM HOUSING THE STATUE OF THE DEITY TO WHOM THE
TEMPLE IS DEDICATED
What is the more naturalistic stance introduced in the early classical period?
CONTRAPASTO
Who conquered and spread Greek culture to the Near East and Egypt?
ALEXANDER THE GREAT
What is the Cycladic period named for?
CYCLADES ISLANDS
What is one feature of the Palace at Knossos related to the myth of the
Minotaur?
-FOUND BULL IMAGERY
-PALACE WAS MAZE LIKE AND COMPLEX
3 AGEAN CULTURES
-CYCLADIC= 3000- 1000 BC-MINOAN= 2000- 1500 BC
MYCENEAN= 1600- 1100 BC
What is the Aegean Sea named after?
KIND AEGEUS
What are the 2 Minoan languages?
-LINEAR A-LINEAR B---ONLY ONE THAT WAS
DECIPHERED------ONLY HAVE INVENTORY RECORDS
ON CLAY PALETTES.
What are 2 features the standing male and female have in common?
-HAIR, BROAD SHOULDERS, ARMS DOWN, FISTS
-CAUGHT IN INTERNAL SMILE-BLISS BEYOND LIFE/ BETTER
LIFE
What maybe the reason:a) The parthenon colonnade includes
inward?b) The entablature bows upwards?
c) The corner columns are set closer together?
A) INCLINES INWARDS B) THE FOUNDATION IS CURVED
C) COMPENSATION
Where is the only place, besides the roof, where statues can placed on the exterior of
a Greek temple?
PEDIMENT
What is one reason red figure painting replaced black- figure painting?
SHOWED UP BETTER AGAINST BLACK BACKGROUND
EASIER TO PAINT THAN TO CUT
What did each diety offer in the contest between Poseidon and Athena for the
patronage of Athens?
SALT SPRING AND OLIVE TREE
Who designed the Parthenon sculptures and made the Athena Parthenos and Zues
cult statues?
PHIDIAS
What compositional characteristic of the High Classical Style is seen in both works?
(The goddess from the Parthenon east pediment, Equestrian Group)
UNITY IN VARITY- DRAPERY UNITES
FIGURES
What are 2 physical features of Darius that shows his reaction to his bodyguards
demise?
HAND IS STRETCHED TERROR IN HIS EYES
What is on explanation advanced for the openness of the palace at Knossos and
other Minoan palaces?
NO WALL= NO ENEMIES= GOOD RELATIONSHIPS
Explain how the acoustics of the Theater at Epidauros are renowned.
PIN DROP IN THE ORCHESTRA CAN BE HEARD AT THE TOP.
What does the phrase “Man is the measure of all things” say about the Greeks?
THEY REPRESENTED HUMAN VALUES, EMOTION AND
APPEARANCE AND EXTENDED IT TO
THEIR GODS.
A female figure who substitutes for a column?
CARYATID
What are 2 reasons why Greeks painted vases are considered important?
-WE DON’T HAVE OTHER KINDS OF PAINTINGS
-SHOWS A WIDE RANGE OF SUBJECT MATTER
The maze- like designs often painted on Geometric vases.
INTERLACE
Why is the Erectheum irregular in plan?
DEDICATED TO MULTIPLE DEITIES
Briefly describe the buon fresco technique
PAINT ON WET PLASTER IN PATCHES
What are 2 significant differences by which the Greek work differs?
SMILE, NUDITY, FREE STANDING
How were the lines made in black figure painting?
INCESION
What are 2 stylistic conventions of Praxiteles style?
SOFT MARBLE, CONTRAPASTO, SOFTNESS IN
PRESENT FEATURES
Describe the circumstances that caused much of the Parthenon to collapse in 1687?
GUNPOWDER WAS STORED HERE
What is one major feature of the male Cycladic figure is different from the female
Cycladic figure?
HE STANDS ON HIS OWN ON A PEDESTAL
3D BODY MORE ROUNDED
What is on naturalistic feature of the painting that may reflect lost larger-scale
paintings?
FORESHORTENING, SOME FIGURES ARE LOWER DOWN
What are 2 stylistic conventions that separate Orientalizing vase painting from
geometric?
-DOESN’T HAVE TIGHT ORGANIZATION
-MORE FIGURES TELLING STORIES
-FEWER REGISTERS
What is one theory about how the Mycenean Period ended
INVASION OF DORIAN, FAMINE, EARTHQUAKE
The name Parthenon celebrates Athena in her identity as a ________ goddess
YOUNG VIRGIN
What makes the black clay slip of Greek vases stay black once it’s fired?
HIGH IRON CONTENT
What was the goal of the Panathenaic procession?
Where is it depicted on the parthenon
GIVE NEW DRESS TO WOODEN
STATUE OF ATHENA
ON INNER FRIEZE
How were the lines made in red figure painting?
PAINTED
