1st Semester Exam Powerpoint

8/12/2019 1st Semester Exam Powerpoint

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observation

hypothesisexperimentconstant

The Study of LifeChapter 1

What is a testable explanation?


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The Study of Life

explorationdynamicsphysicstechnology

Chapter 1

What area of science takes scientific


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The Study of Life

adaptationdevelopmentgrowthmaturation

Chapter 1

What is the process of change that takes


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The Study of Life

Why does the Texas horned

lizard squirt blood out of its eyes?

How is a banded pipefish able tohide in its environment of seaweeds?

What chemicals cause plantstems to lengthen or flowers to bloom?

All of these.

Chapter 1

Which of the following are likely topicsin a biology course?


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The Study of Life

acquiring energyadapting to the

displaying organizationresponding to stimuli

Chapter 1

Some species of plants begin opening their


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Because it is often difficult to gathernumerical data, ____ information is collected.a.

b.


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The Study of Life

5-6 days6-7 days7-8 days8-9 days

Chapter 1

Students in a biology class ran an experimenton a type of flowering plant. Their goal was tofind the optimal time in the plant's life forflowering. What time period will provide the moflowering plants? Use Table 1-1 to determine yo

answer. Table 1-1Day

2


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The Study of Life

adaptationequilibriumhomeostasismetabolism

Chapter 1

What process regulates an organisms internal


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Which describes a major benefit that

bioengineering technology has provided to socia.

b.c.

d.


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a body of knowledge

a creative tool fora scientific inquiry that

an explanation supported


What is a theory?

Th S d f Lif


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Scientists discardobservations and data that are notconsistent with current scientific

understanding.

true

false

Th St d f Lif


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A person studying a topic is presented with

new information that conflicts with previousfindings. What would a scientist do in this situatia.

b.

c.d.

Th St d f Lif


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What is the basis of the metric measurementsystem?a.

b.

c.d.

Th St d f LifCh 1


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The Study of Life

forensicspeer reviewscientific methodsthe metric system

Chapter 1

A scientist wants to report the findingsfrom

Th St d f LifCh t 1


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Which of the following results fromquantitative analysis of Figure 1-1?

Figure 1-1a.

b.c.

d.

The Study of LifeCh t 1


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The Study of Life

They involve ethics.They involve forensics.They must be addressed

They require the

Chapter 1

What do issues such as AIDS, global



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Which is an inference?a.b.

c.

d.



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Which is an inference?a.b.

c.

d.



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Tasha is testing the effect of blue-coloredlight on the growth of tomato plants. Which isthe independent variable in this experiment?a.

b.



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The Study of Life

a conjecturean inferencea speculation

a theory

Chapter 1

When you form a logical conclusionbased



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The Study of Life

a defined questiona curious assumptiona tested inferencea testable explanation

Chapter 1

What is a hypothesis?



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The Study of Life

accidentalanticipatedingeniouswhimsical

Chapter 1

What type of discovery is a serendipitous



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Which of the following nutrients has

only a short-term biogeochemical cycle?a.

b.



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Organisms with overlapping niches

probably have which type of relationship?a.

b.



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Which process describes nitrogen

fixation?a.

b.c.d.



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In order for scientificexperiments to be valid, they must bebased on scientific methods

that

truefalse



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The Study of Life

forensicsnatural lawtheory

physics

Chapter 1

Identify the term used to describe an



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The Study of Life

control group

experimental groupdependent variableindependent variable

Chapter 1

In a controlled experiment, which factorcan



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The Study of Life

ecologygeneticsanimal behaviorbiotechnology

Chapter 1

Which biological science was Jane Goodall



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The Study of Life

genetically

finding ways topreventing the spread

developing new

Chapter 1

In which activity would an environmental



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y

It brings up

It causes disagreementIt does not welcome

It does not receive

Chapter 1

Which is an indication that an idea is based on



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y

food containing Razatrinfood without Razatrinfood containing

food containing a variety

Chapter 1

Scientists use laboratory rats to test theeffects

The Study of LifeChapter 1numbermass


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yChapter 1numberof days

mass

Which is the

Chapter 2


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p

Referring to Figure 2-1, the coyotes wouldbe considered ____.a.b.


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In the energy pyramid shown in

Figure 2-3, which level has the smallestnumber of organisms?a.

b.


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Which of the following is the

ultimate source of energy for the pyramidin Figure 2-3?a.

b.

Principles of EcologyChapter 2


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predationparasitismcommensalismmutualism

p

The act of one organism consuming another



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predationparasitismcommensalismmutualism

p

The act of one organism consuming another



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from an autotroph tofrom a heterotroph tofrom a carnivore tofrom an omnivore to

Identify how energy flows through an



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biomassenergymatternutrient

What is a chemical substance that anorganism



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plants and microscopicpH and salt

sunlight, soil type and

temperature, air

Which are biotic factors in a forest



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ecosystemhabitatbiological community

biotic collection

What is the name for a group ofinteracting



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The group of animals in Figure 2-2 is an

example of what?a.

b.



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all of the biotic factors

an area where anan area in which

the role or position

Which defines habitat?



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autotrophherbivoreheterotroph

decomposer

What type of organism is thefoundation of



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They feed on fragments

They feed on organismsdigestive

They get energy fromto

They use chlorophyll to

How do detritivores obtain their energy in an



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carnivores

herbivores

autotrophsheterotrophs

Which type of organism



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decomposerprimary producersecondary producertop level consumer

What type of organism returns nutrients toan



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biochemistecologistgeologisthydrologist

What type of scientist studies water found



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carbon cyclenitrogen cyclephosphorus cycle

water cycle

Which biogeochemical cycle involves



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photosynthesisrespirationcombustionfossil fuelsdeposition ofdead material

Which process in this cycleconverts carbon dioxide and waterinto carbohydrates?



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identifying and classifyinginsects in

locating fossils of distinct speciesa geographical areaobserving the relationships thathave with otherstudying the internal organs of a

how it survives in

In what type of activity would you most expect an



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commensalismcompetition

mutualismparasitism

Certain types of tropical orchids use treesfor



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If an ecologist finds thatthe

truefalse

Principles of EcologyChapter 2It is consumed byIt is a third-levelIt consumes both


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snakes.It consumesgrasshoppers.consumer.grasshoppers andplants.

Why is this mouse classified as



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decompositiondenitrificationnitrificationnitrogen fixation

Which process returns nitrogen

Communities, Biomes, and EcosystemsChapter 3


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a.b.c.

d.



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A team of ecologists measured the salinity of the water in an estuary atvarious distances from the river mouth. They also sampled populations of t

species of clam worm,Nereis occidentalis and Neanthes succinea, at each point. The resultsare tabulated below.Which of the following hypotheses is most valuable in explaining thetrends seen in the data?Nereis occidentalis outcompetes Neanthes succinea at salinities under

14.Neanthes succinea reproduces most rapidly in areas at least 20 metersfrom the river mouth.c.Neanthes succinea and Nereis occidentalis can survive at any salinity.

d.Nereis occidentalis is more resistant to salinity than Neanthes succinea.



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If the ecologists were to take a population sample ofNeanthes succinea in an area 65 meters from the river mouthwith 30 salinity, what do you infer that they would find?

a.b.c.d.



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primary successionsecondary successionclimax communityend succession

Mosses and lichens are the first organismsto



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A biologist is searching for a new plant-based antibiotic.In which of the following types of ecosystems would thebiologist have the best chance of finding new kinds of plause in her research?

a.b.


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In Figure 3-1, where will you most likelyfind the greatest diversity?a.

b.


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In Figure 3-1, which section would account

for a lower number of organisms near thebottom of a pond due to a short supply of oxygand sunlight?a.

b.



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tundratropical savanna

tropical seasonal foresttropical rainforest

Which biome is the most diverse?



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Imagine you are listening to a series of studentpresentations in which the speakers hypothesize about th

marine life they would expect to find in an abyssal marinWhich hypothesis do you find most compelling?a.

b.c.

d.



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in groundwaterin streamsin glaciersin wetlands

Where is most of



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a biome

a communityan ecosysteman environment

What is a group of interacting populationsthat



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At which stage in Figure 3-3 are themost pioneer species found?Figure 3-3a.

b.



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What type of species would be most likely

found in the area labeled D in Figure 3-5?a.

b.c.

d.



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It is outside the range

It is the optimum zone

Organisms are unable

There are fewer

Which is true of the zoneof physiological stress?



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Environmental factors affect

One biological communityinOrganisms adapt to newfactors.Pioneer species move inexisting species.

What occurs in the process of ecological



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by their average

by their latitudes

by the type of animal

by the type of plant

By what characteristics are biomes primarily



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taiga

tundra

arctic grasslandpolar regions

Which biome contains short grasses,caribou,



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If you were dropped off on the NorthAmerican continent at a latitude of 40 N, whof the following climate zones would youdiscover there?a.

b.



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If fire were suppressed on a temperategrassland, what species do you think wouldincrease in number?a.

b.



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deserttundrawoodlandtropical rainforest

Which is the most diverse of allbiomes?



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They have

They exist near

They exist at

They contain less

Why do oligotrophic lakes contain fewerplant



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littoral zonelimnetic zoneprofundal zonebenthic zone

Which region of the



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estuarysalt marshswampwetland

Which is the most diverse ecosystem?



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the accumulation ofand detritusthe mixture of waters with

concentrationsthe variety of speciescurrentsthe wide variety ofand feed

What makes an estuary such a uniqueecosystem?



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dominated by planktondeepest area of the lakevery little light penetrates

lower in oxygen

Look at the figure.Which isnot trueof the profundalzone?



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Based on theinformation in thegraph, what can beinferred aboutcarbondioxide in the

atmosphere?

Answer:The measured increase of carbondioxide (CO



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The measured increase of carbondioxide (CO2

) in the atmosphereis mainly due to the burningoffossil fuels. As carbon dioxide

levels have increased, theaverage global temperaturehasincreased.



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Use the figure below to infer which abioticfactormight limit the survival of steelhead trout.

Answer:

Temperature



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precipitationsoil typesunlighttemperature

What is the most critical limitingfactor for a polar bear?



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The maturecommunity in this diagramis a true climaxcommunity.

truefalse


Average precipitation:38100 cm per yearTemperature range:

Abiotic factors:summers are very hot and dry;winters are cool and wet


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10C40C

desertboreal foresttemperate woodlandtropical seasonal forest

For which biome was this data collected?



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tundraarctic desertconiferous foresttemperate grassland

What type ofcommunity is likely to exist nearthe top of a mountain?



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bottom dwellerscrustaceansinsectsplankton

What type oforganisms enables fish to livein the limnetic zone?

Communities, Biomes, and EcosystemsChapter 3Averagetemperature (C) Averageprecipitation (cm)

0


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010

20

10025

200

What is the approximateaverage temperature and annualprecipitation in the boreal forest biome?

Population EcologyChapter 4


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emigration

imitationimmigrationmigration

What term is used to describe the numberof



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number of organismscharacteristics of

manner in which a

pattern of spacing of a

What is population density?



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when birth rate

when death ratewhen birth rate

when there are

When does zero population growth occur?



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disease

fireflooding

weather

Which is a density-dependent factor?


Some coral reefs off the east coast of South


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Some coral reefs off the east coast of SouthAmerica are starting to die off. Satellite images r

great plumes of sediment washing out of the moof rivers. What can you conclude, if anything,about the relationship between these two factorsa.

b.

c.

d. Population EcologyChapter 4


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competition

extreme coldparasites

predation

Which is a density-independent factor?


Compare primary and secondary succession


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Compare primary and secondary succession.What is the distinction between them?

a.b.c.

d.



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emigrationpredationavailable nutrientsextreme temperatures

Which factor can limit the carryingcapacity



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A place at 2 N latitude has an average

annual temperature of 6 C. What can youconclude about the environment?a.

b.

c.d.



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exponentialspatialgeneticlogistic

Which type of populationgrowth model does this graphrepresent?



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0.23232302300

An ecologist estimates a population density of



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densitydispersionlogistic spacingspatial distribution

The ecologist finds that over a 1000m2plot of


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Why does the population

Biotic factors have made

The population has reachedits carrying capacity.Density-independent factorshave slowed the growth of thepopulation.

Immigration into the

Biodiversity and ConservationChapter 5


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Which factor is most responsible forthelack of plants in polar regions?

heavy grazing by

little precipitation

no soil for plants tonot enough sunlight



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What form of pollution is caused byextensive algae growth in waterways?

acid precipitationeutrophicationbiological

edge effects



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Which is not a renewableresource?

solar energyfossil fuels

agricultural plantsclean water



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Which hasindirecteconomic value?

ecosystems that

organisms that provideplants that contain

species that have



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It is likely that some ofthe worlds unidentifiedspecies will have economicvalue.

truefalse



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When does the aesthetic value of anecosystem become most apparent?

when scientists begin tostudy the ecosystem

when the ecosystemwhen the ecosystem is



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Density, distribution, and growth rateare characteristics used to classify whichone of the following?a.b.



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deserts

grasslandstropical foreststemperate forests

Where are most extinctions likely tooccur in the near future?



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habitat losseutrophicationoverexploitationnonnative predators

What is the primary factor that hasendangered the North American bison and therhinoceros?


From Table 5 1 which species has the highest


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Area

A

Table 5-1 shows the population sizes for 6different species in four different areas.

From Table 5-1, which species has the highestaverage population size?

a.

b.


If th f i T bl 5 1 th l l i


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Area

A

Table 5-1 shows the population sizes for 6different species in four different areas.

If the four areas in Table 5-1 were the only places inthe world to find these organisms, which species most

likely faces the greatest chance of extinction?a.b.



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habitat loss

human predatorstransported diseasesbackground extermination

What is the number one cause ofspeciesextinction today?



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agricultural plantsclean water

forest timbermineral deposits

Which resource is nonrenewable?



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farming

loggingoil drillingcommercial fishing

For which human activity issustainableusenotpossible?


What effect did the loss of species B have on species A


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p pand D in Figure 5-3?a.

b.

c.d.


Examine the graph in Figure 5-3. Which species were


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not affected by the loss of species B?a.

b.



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Which of the following resources can be

considered renewable?a.

b.


Examine the food web shown in Figure 5-4. What


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would most likely happen to the organisms in this ecosystif the algae began to disappear?

a.b.

c.d.


Examine the food web shown in Figure 5-4. Suppose an


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herbicide is used to kill some of the algae in this ecosysteherbicide does not break down in the environment. Inside

cells of which organism would you expect to find the highamount of herbicide?a.

b.



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Which is an example of bioremediation?

replanting trees in anusing microorganisms

enacting a law thatamphibiansintroducing naturala


For many years orchid collectors searchedExotic Islands for the beautiful Kimmarie Orchi


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Exotic Islands for the beautiful Kimmarie Orchiwhich is found no place else in the world. After

found the orchid, they brought it back to theirhomes. In the last couple of years the KimmariOrchid has not been found on the island. As a rhobbyists are now sending the Kimmarie Orchi

replanted on the islands.

The hobbyists are trying to correct the Kimmarie Orchidproblem they caused by using ____.a.


Look at the figure Name the


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Look at the figure. Name theprocess that is occurring with the

increasing concentration of DDT.

pollution

extinctionbiologicalhabitat



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ecosystem diversitygenetic diversitysocial diversityspecies diversity

Which type of biodiversity increases asyoumove geographically from the polarregions

to the equator?



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It increases the number ofuseful genes.

It increases the ability ofenvironmental changes.It produces a variety of speciesbiological community.It randomly distributes

throughout an ecosystem.

How does genetic diversity increase a specieschance of survival?



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acid rain

fertilizersPCBspesticides

What type of substances causeseutrophication of aquaticecosystems?


land areapopulation

availability of

resources


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Which factor has thegreatest impact on a countrys rateof natural resourceconsumption?

p pindustrialization

Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6


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electron

isotopeneutronproton

Which of the following particles isnegativelycharged?



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____ represents a formula for achemical compound.a.b.

2O



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The total number of atoms in amolecule of sucrose, C12H

22O11, is ____.a.


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Which property is responsible for thefact that water and oil do not mix?a.

b.



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Which is the best example of asolution?a.

b.



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Which beverage is the best example ofa colloid?a.

b.



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electrons

neutronsprotonsions

Isotopes are created by a change in thenumber of what particle of an atom?


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Which of the atoms pictured in Figure6-1 is most likely to form an ion?a.

b.

c.d.



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substrates

enzymesionsreactants

Identify the proteins that speed up therate of chemical reactions.



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neutrons and electrons

protons and electronsprotons and neutrons

What particles are inanatoms nucleus?



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an equal number ofan equal number ofan equal number of

What causes the overall charge of an atomtobe zero?



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a compoundan element

an isotopea mixture

What type of substance iswater?



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chemical bonds

ionic compoundsradioactive isotopesvan der Waals forces

What provides the energy for all livingprocesses?



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a match burningsalt dissolving

water boilinggasoline evaporating

Which is a chemical reaction?



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Two substances are combined and heat is

produced. Does this provide evidence that a chereaction took place?a.

b.c.d.


Which chemical reaction is endothermic?


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It acts as a reactant.

It reduces the amountIt increases theIt lowers the activationenergy.

How does an enzyme increase the rate ofachemical reaction?



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How does an enzyme influence a biologicalreaction?a.

b.

c.d.


What occurs at the activesite in the enzyme substrate


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site in the enzyme substratecomplex?

An exothermic chemicalplace.Chemical bonds are brokenand new bonds are formed.

The enzyme gets used upThe substrates provide



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It acts as a catalyst.

Its pH is neutral.It is a polar molecule.It is an ionic compound.

Why is water able to dissolve a widevariety of solutes?



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covalent bonds

double bondshydrogen bondsionic bonds

What type of bonds attracts water moleculesto each other and to other substances?



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Cl

OH

H+Na

+

Which ion, when released in water,causes asolution to be basic?



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carbon

nitrogenphosphorussodium

Which element do almost all biologicalmolecules contain?



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1

248

How many covalent bonds cancarbon form with other atoms?



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hormone

nucleic acidproteinsteroid

What type of biological molecule is anenzyme?



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lipidsnucleotides

polypeptidessugars

What are fats, oils, and waxes composed of?



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amino acids

fatty acidsglycerolsnucleotides

What are the monomers that make upproteins?



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carbohydrate

lipidnucleic acidprotein

Which biological molecule transportssubstances between cells?


?


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activation energyreactantsproductsenzymes

Look at the following figure.Determine what the upward curverepresents.


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Which fruit contains


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tomatoesbananas



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What is the function of thisbiological macromolecule?

communicate signals

produce vitaminsprovide supportstore and transmit



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Which is a characteristic of all lipids?

They are saturatedThey do not dissolve

They are liquid at roomThey store less energy



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An organisms genetic informationis stored in which type ofmacromolecule?a.

b.

Chapter 7

What would happen to the structure in Figure 7-4if part D is completely removed?


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It would become more rigid.It would disintegrate.It would have holes in it.It would collapse in on itself.


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Chapter 7

Which statement is a fundamental principle of thcell theory?


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a.b.c.

d.

Chapter 7

Which statement is true about bacterial cells?The cells are very large.


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The cells have no nucleus.They are eukaryotes.They have organelles.

Chapter 7

Cholesterol is repelled by water and can be foundbetween the layers of the phospholipids in the pl


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membrane. What can be concluded from this info

a.b.c.

d.

Chapter 7

Which is present only in eukaryotic cells?a.


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b.

Chapter 7

Which substance on the plasma membrane helpsidentify chemical signals from outside the cell?


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a.

b.

Chapter 7

Which organelle converts sugars into energy?a.


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b.

Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7


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scanning electrontransmission electronscanning tunnelingsimple light microscope

If you wanted to see a three-dimensionalimage of DNA from a live specimen,whichtype of microscope would you use?



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Which isnota part of the cell theory?

Cells are the basic unit ofAll living things are composedCells arise only from previously

existing cells.Cells are produced



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ribosomes, endoplasmiccell membrane, lysosome,

nucleus, centriole, vacuoleendoplasmic reticulum,

Which cell organelles are directly involvedwiththe production of proteins?



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Robert Hooke andAnton van Leeuwenhoekdesigned microscopes thatenabled them to see organelles

within the cells they observed.

truefalse


A scientist at the polar ice cap was studyingan ice sample from hundred of meters below thsurface While examining the ice the scientist f


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surface. While examining the ice, the scientist f

some cells from many years ago. Using an electmicroscope, the scientist identified these cell stcytoskeleton, mitochondrion, nucleus, cell wall,ribosomes. What kind of organism did the scient

a.BacteriaPlantHe did not have enough information.



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All cells, whethereukaryotic or prokaryotic, have aplasma membrane.

truefalse



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nucleusorganellesgenetic material (DNA)larger cell size

What feature of eukaryotic cells hasenabledthem to develop more specific functionsthan

prokaryotic cells?



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phospholipidsproteinscarbohydratescholesterol molecules

Which component of the plasmamembranecontributes to the fluidity of the plasmamembrane?


What is the function of carbohydrates that


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y

stick out from the outer surface of theplasmamembrane?

They give the cell shapeThey give the plasmaThey help the cell identifyThey hold the cell in place.


In prokaryotic cells where does the


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cytoplasm

DNAmitochondriaribosomes

In prokaryotic cells, where does the

conversion of fuel particles into usable energy



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chloroplastendoplasmic reticulumGolgi apparatusmitochondrion

Which organelle is similar to the sectionof a factory that organizes, boxes, andships the final product?


In which structure is light energy captured


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chloroplast

lysosomenucleusvacuole

g gy p

andconverted to chemical energy?



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At what point in the process of diffusion isdynamic equilibrium reached?a.

b.

c.d.



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How does osmosis occurbetween the two solutions separatedby the selectively permeablemembrane?

Sugar moves to the left.Sugar moves to the right.Water moves to the left.Water moves to the right.



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Which diagram shows a cell in a hypotonicsolution?

Cellular Structure and Function

Answer:

Plant cells have both cell walls andchloroplasts. Animal cells do not havethese structures. Only animal cellscontainlysosomes Both plant and animal cells

Chapter 7

Chapter AssessmentQuestions


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Compare and contrast plant and animalcells.

lysosomes. Both plant and animal cells

have plasma membranes, a nucleus,mitochondria, vacuoles, endoplasmicreticulum, Golgi apparatus, centrioles,a

nucleolus, ribosomes, and acytoskeleton.



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DiffusionEndocytosisExocytosisEquilibrium

_______ is the net movement of particlesfroman area where there are many particles ofthesubstance to an area where there are fewerparticles of the substance.



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2.5X25X35X250X

What is the magnification of a compoundlightmicroscope that uses a 10X lens in serieswith

a 25X lens?


What part of the plasma membrane makes


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membrane proteinstransport proteinsthe nonpolar tails in thethe polar heads facing the

p p

itdifficult for water-soluble substances tomovefreely into and out of the cell?


Muscle cells require a great amount of


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centriolesendoplasmic reticulummitochondriaribosomes

Muscle cells require a great amount of

energy.Which would you expect to find in largenumbers in muscle cells?



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In what type of cell would you most likelyexpect to find numerous lysosomes?

a plant cell that stores food,or other materials

a plant cell that uses lightphotosynthesisa single-celled organism thataround its environmenta white blood cell that digests

and viruses


What is a major difference between


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facilitated diffusion and active transport?a.

b.c.

d.


At what point in the process of diffusion is


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dynamic equilibrium reached?a.

b.c.

d.


A plant cell is placed in a hypotonic


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solution. What will happen to the plant cell?a.

b.


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Which of the following is an example of passive


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transport?a.b.+

/K+ATPase pump

Cellular EnergyChapter 8


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Energy cannot beEnergy can be converted

Energy can be convertedEnergy can be destroyed

Which statement describes the law ofconservation of energy?



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photosynthesiscellular respirationhomeostasisfermentation

In which metabolic process aremoleculesbroken down to produce carbon dioxideand

water?



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NADPH

ATPchloroplastglucose

At the end of the Calvin cycle, where is energystored?



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Which law of thermodynamics explains why theladybug receives the least amount of usable energy?

the first law ofthe second law of



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All of the energy fromthe food you eat comesfrom the sun.

truefalse


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Why is adenosine triphosphate (ATP) such


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It captures light energy

It is produced in anabolic

It stores and releases

It converts mechanical

Why is adenosine triphosphate (ATP) such

animportant biological molecule?



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chloroplasts

Golgi apparatusmitochondria

vacuoles

Where in the plant celldoes photosynthesis take place?


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Which mechanism of photosynthesis uses


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absorption

chemiosmosiselectron transport

C2pathway

the movement of hydrogen ions (H+) acrossa concentration gradient to synthesize

ATP?



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They accelerate

They release

They help the plant

They reduce the

How are the C4pathway and the CAM pathwayan adaptive strategy for some plants?


What is the main purpose of the cycleshown in Figure 8-3?


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sugar productionproduction of ADPdestruction of CO

2production of NADP-



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to make ATP

to process H2Oto store glucoseto deliver oxygen

What is the overall purpose of cellularrespiration?



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Which represents the general sequence ofcellular respiration?

TCA cycle

glycolysisglycolysis

Krebs

electron transport



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glycolysis

Krebs cycleelectron transport

Which stage of cellular respiration istheanaerobic process?


In which types of organisms doesthe process shown in Figure 8-4 take


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place?plants onlyneither plants nor animalsanimals onlyboth plants and animals



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CoACO2FADH

2NADH

Which moleculegenerated by the Krebscycle is a wasteproduct?



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Look at the following figure.Which part of the chloroplast

granastromathylakoidsGolgi apparatus



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During the Krebs cycle,pyruvate is broken downinto what compound?

H2OO

2COCO2


What is the role of oxygen in cellularrespiration?a.


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b.

c.d.



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Look at the followingfigure. Which molecule is releasedwhen ATP becomes ADP?

phosphate groupwater moleculeribose sugarenergy cells


Look at the following figure.What results from the removal of a


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phosphate group from ATP?a. the production of mechanical energyb. the release of energy

c. the creation of energyd. the absorption of energy by chlorophyll



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Which of the following metabolic pathways isanabolic?Photosynthesisbreakdown of actin in muscles

Respirationalcohol fermentation


A


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Which metabolic process isphotosynthesis?B



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At the beginning of photosynthesis,whichmolecule is split to produce oxygen (O2

) asa waste product?CO2

H

2O

C


Which molecule helpsprovide the energy that


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drives this cycle?

3-PGACO

2NADPHrubisco


The energy acquired in the light-dependentreactions is used in the light-independent reaction


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glucose molecules. How is this energy transferred flight-dependent to light-independent reactions?a.

b.

c.d.


Which product of the


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c p oduc o eCalvin cycle is used forthe production ofglucose and other organiccompounds?

ADPCO2

G3P

NADP+



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What is the final step of cellularrespiration?

O2and H+form H2O.

Electrons and H2


What prevents pyruvate fromentering the Krebs cycle and instead


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results in this pathway?

a buildup of CO2

a lack of oxygen

an excess ofan increased


In what organisms does alcoholicfermentation take place?


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pa. yeast and some bacteriab. fruit fliesc. Viruses

d. plants



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Which isnota process that occurs in bothcellular respiration and photosynthesis?

chemiosmosiselectron transportglycolysisproduction of G3P


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Cellular ReproductionChapter 9

During what phase do the sister


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interphase

metaphaseanaphasetelophase

chromatidsline up in the middle of the cell?



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cytokinesisinterphase

apoptosismitosis

Which isnota phase of the cell cycle?


Which can more efficiently supply nutrients and


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expel waste products?

larger cellssmaller cellscells with lower surfacecells shaped like a cube


At what stage does a cell spend most


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ofits life?

cytokinesis

interphasemitosissynthesis


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In what stage of the cell cycle doesthecells replicated genetic materialseparate?

cytokinesisinterphasemitosisprophase



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By the end of prophase, each of thefollowing has occurred except ____.a.

b.

c.d.



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The chromosomes shown in Figure 9-1are in which state of mitosis?a.



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Which of the cells depicted in the linegraph in Figure 9-2 are most likely cancea.


Which of the following does


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notoccur as a cell grows larger and larger insize?

a.b.

c.


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Why is it important for the chromosomes

t d d i it i ?


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to condense during mitosis?a.

b.

c.


The typical growth period of a cell occurs

d i hi h t f th ll l ?


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during which stage of the cell cycle?a.

b.


Whi h di h h ?


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Which diagram shows anaphase?



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Figure 9-4 illustrates which stage ofmitosis?

a.

b.



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How is the alignment of chromosomes, shownin Figure 9-4, on the equatorial plate of the cellmaintained?

a.b.c.


What are the key and ignition that start the

i ti iti i th ll l ?


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various activities in the cell cycle?

chromatin andcyclin and CDKsmicrotubules andprotein and ribosomes


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What is the term for the programmedd th


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deathof cells that are damaged beyond repairorhave harmful changes in their DNA?apoptosis

carcinogenscytokinesismitosis


Which cells are not locked intob i


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becomingone particular kind of cell and arecapableof developing into specialized tissues?apoptotic cells

cancer cellsprokaryotic cellsstem cells


This cell has completedh f i i ?


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This cell has completedwhat stage of mitosis?

anaphase

interphasemetaphasetelophase


What term is used to described


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What term is used to describeprogrammedcell death?

apoptosis

anaphasenecrosiscyclins


A cell has 12 chromosomes After


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A cell has 12 chromosomes. Aftermitosis, how many chromosomes will edaughter cell have?a.

b.


What is the role of cyclins in a cell?


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to control the movement of microtubules

to signal for the cell to divide

to stimulate the breakdown of the nuclear

membraneto cause the nucleolus to disappear


The cell cycle is regulated by


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The cell cycle is regulated bya.

b.


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At what stage of

interphase does the cell take


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interphase does the cell takeinventory and make sure it is readyfor the division of its nucleus?

G1S

G2

M



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DNA replication occurs duringa.


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A cell that undergoes repeated mitosis withoutcytokinesis would have

a


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a.

b.


Colchicine is a chemical that when applied to a cellduring mitosis can be used to freeze cells in metaphasepreventing the chromosomes from moving away from the

metaphase plate What part of the cell does colchicine mo


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metaphase plate. What part of the cell does colchicine moaffect?chromosome structure

nuclear membranespindle fiberscell membrane


Cancer cells can reproduce rapidlyb th


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Cancer cells can reproduce rapidlybecause theya.

b.

c.


Which is

nota condition that can result in cancer?a failure in the control mechanisms that regulate


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nota condition that can result in cancer?a failure in the control mechanisms that regulatea failure in the repair systems that fix changesa failure of the spindle fibers to movechromosomes during mitosis

mutations or changes in segments of DNA that

Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10


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The numbers in Figure 10-1 represent the chromosome numberfound in each of the dog cells shown. The processes that are occurrinA and B are ____.a.

b.


Segments of DNA that control theproduction


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productionof proteins are called _______.

chromatids

chromosomesgenestraits


What is the term for a pair of chromosomesthat have the same length same centromere


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that have the same length, same centromereposition, and carry genes that control thesame traits?

diploidheterozygoushomozygoushomologous


How does the number of chromosomes in

gametes compare with the number of chromosom


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gametes compare with the number of chromosombody cells?

Gametes have 1/4 theGametes have 1/2 theGametes have the sameGametes have twice as


Using Figure 10-3 which process would result in


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Using Figure 10 3, which process would result inthe formation of chromosome C from chromosomA and B?a.

b.


How many chromosomes would a cellhave after


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6

122436

have aftermeiosisif it has 12 chromosomes duringinterphase?


Which stage of meiosis


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prophase Iinterphase

anaphase Ianaphase II


What is the next step forthe chromosomes illustrated?


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Chromosomes replicate.Chromosomes move to

Chromosomes uncoilChromosomes line up


Which is the best description of the eventsthat take place during anaphase II?

a.


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a.b.

c.

d.


What is this process called?


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fertilizationgamete formationinheritance

reproduction


The typical human body cell contains 46chromosomes. How many chromosomes are


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chromosomes. How many chromosomes aretypical human sperm?a.

b.


Before meiosis I, the sisterchromatids of this chromosome were identical.

What process caused a change in a sectionof one chromatid?


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p gof one chromatid?

DNA replicationcrossing oversynapsistelophase


Crossing over would most likely occur during whichstage of the cell cycle?

a.


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b.c.

d.


At what stage is the

chromosome number reduced from


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2nton

?

prophase Imetaphase I

anaphase Imeiosis II


Consider the cell labeled X in Figure 10-9containing 4 chromosomes. Which of the four c

below it represents a healthy gamete that coul


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be o ep ese s a ea y ga e e a coube produced from this cell?a.

b.


The diagram in Figure 10-2 shows a diploidcell with two homologous pairs of chromosomesDue to independent assortment, the possibleallelic combinations that could be found in gam


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allelic combinations that could be found in gamproduced by the meiotic division of this cell area.

Bb, Dd, BB, and DDb.BD, bD, Bd, and bd


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hapter 11

What occurs during the process of meiosis inhumans that can lead to a child with the conditiDown Syndrome?a.


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a.

b.c.

d.

hapter 11

A person has a non-normal set of sexchromosomes but is obviously female. Her cellsBarr bodies. Which condition accounts for theseobservations?


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observations?

a.

b.

hapter 11

What part of the chromosome might beinvolved with processes such as aging and canca.


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Documents

1st Semester Exam Powerpoint