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Presented at the Basin Focal Project Fisheries Workshop at Cali, Colombia, Feb 2008
Citation preview
Enhancing benefits from aquatic
ecosystems: Nakambe sub-basin
Case study
F. Gichuki and D. Coulibaly
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
BFP Fisheries Workshop
February 6-7, 2008
• Introduction
• Basin system, sub-systems and their interactions
• Nakambe basin overview
• External drivers
• Basin changes and impacts on aquatic ecosystems and
livelihoods
• Analytical tools
• Management interventions
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
Presentation Outline
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
Basin system and sub-systems
Ecosystem goods and services
Inputs and managem
ent controls
Inputs and managem
ent controls
Ecosystem goods and services
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
Basin processes, aquatic ecosystems and livelihoods
Aquatic ecosystems
goods and services and
their livelihood outcomes
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
Integrated basin management
Erosion
Water and other
material flows
Effects on livelihoods & ConservationSource: MEA, 2005
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
Water cycle and ecosystemsDirect impacts on the
atmospheric ecosystem
Indirect impacts on
terrestrial ecosystems
Terrestr ial
ecosystems
Aquatic ecosystemsCoastal marine
ecosystems
Direct impacts on
terrestrial ecosystem
Indirect impacts on aquatic
ecosystem
Direct impacts on aquatic ecosystems
Indirect impacts on terrestrial ecosystem
Indirect impacts on coastal marine
ecosystem
Direct impacts on coastal marine
ecosystem
Indirect impacts
on aquatic
ecosystem
Indirect impacts on atmospheric
ecosystem
“blue” water
“green” water
Indirect impacts on
marine ecosystems
Indirect impacts on
aquatic ecosystems
indirect impacts on
atmospheric ecosystem
(through evapo-
transpiration cycle)
Subterranean ecosys tems
Direct impacts on subterranean ecosystems
Indirect impacts
on terrestrial ecosystems
Indirect impacts on aquatic ecosystems
Indirect impacts
on coastal marine ecosystems
Atmospheric ecosystems
Indirect impacts
on subterranean ecosystems
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
Basin overview
Ouahigouya
0
50
100
150
200
250
Ouagadougou
050100150200250
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
DecemberPo
050100150200250
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
•Area – 40,836 km2
•climate – Unimodal rainfall
•Landform – Gentle slope
• Rainfall variability
• Demand for aquatic good and services
– Population growth
– Urbanization
– Increase in fish consumption
• Trade
– Local, national and international
• Contribution of basin to national economy
– Population, agriculture, hydropower and industry
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
External drivers of change
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000 2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
-2,5
-2,0
-1,5
-1,0
-0,5
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
• Land use change
• Water storage
• Hydrology
• Aquatic ecosystems
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
Basin change and their impacts
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
Basin change and their impacts
555862414345
Wastewater
lagoons
18002240330089015002300
Irrigation canals
and fields
21500248003800095001780025000Reservoirs
130024504150180026504400
Lakes and
seasonal
swamps
123215380150275380
Rivers and
floodplains
12 months8 months4 months12 months8 months4 months
Type of aquatic
ecosystem
20051990
Area in hectares
•Aquatic ecosystems
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
Basin change and their impacts•Increased number of
small reservoirs
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
Basin change and their impacts•Longitudinal analysis
of small reservoir
• Mapping aquatic ecosystems and assessing water
storage dynamics
• Modelling hydrologic impacts (SWAT)
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
Analytical tools
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
Management Interventions
Highly sustainableCan be sustainable if developed
under a proper legal
framework
Management generally not
sustainable outside of a project
context.
Benefits distributed according
to family norms
Benefits more equitably
distributed among stakeholders
Inequitable distribution of
benefits among stakeholders
Impacts of investments obvious
to owners
Impacts of investments are
relatively easy to monitor
Impact of investments in
management are difficult to
monitor
Access rights are normally
exclusive to the family group
Exclusive access can be
organized
Difficult to obtain exclusive
access for local management
entities.
Distribution of benefits
regulated locally through
traditional mechanisms
Local management is possible
in cases where legal framework
exists
People view management as the
business of the government
Management & ownership by
one (extended) family group
Management & ownership by
only one village
Management & ownership by
more than one village
Small (1-5 ha)Medium (5-20 ha)Large (20-700 ha)
Management issues for a range of small water bodies
in Burkina Faso (de Graaf & Waltermath 2003).
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
Enabling conditions
Stakeholders commitment, management capacity enhanced, cost and benefit sharing
Behavioral change of actors and their institutions to enhance productivity, achieve pro-poor
growth and protect the environment equitably and sustainably
Management Interventions
Thanking you for your attention
Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being