E-CALL

BY

A SEMINAR ON

VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYP.KOTHA KOTA

SHAIK NOWZIA094M1A0460

INTRODUCTION

Road traffic crashes are one of the world’s largest public health and injury prevention problems.

Four factors contribute to the vast majority of collisions. They are:

Equipment Failure

Roadway Design

Poor Roadway Maintenance

Driver Behavior

WHY E-CALL??

•Only 30% of death occurs with minutes of accident.

•And remaining 70% of deaths occurs within 2 hours , due to late of emergency services.

•So our primary concern is to reduce this accident response time.

E-CALL???

An emergency call.

It actually reduces the accident response time during lethal accidents.

It calls the emergency services either manually or automatically within minutes of accident.

PRINCIPLEWhen an accident occurs the e-Call device automatically calls the nearest PSAP(public service access point) in the form of MSD (minimum set of data )

This PSAP sends the data to the rescue service

Thus we can send the ambulance to the location to save the victim

ELEMENTS IN E-CALL

PSAP (public service access point)

MSD (minimum set of data)

Emergency call number E112

HARDWARES USED IN E-CALL

•Tri-axial accelerometer•Air bag sensors•GPS receiver•CMOS camera•Flash memory•Cellular phone•Power supply•Onboard communications

E-CALL WORKS AS…..•It sends an MSD to the PSAP ,this information includes….Time of incident

Exact location including direction of driving

Vehicle identification

ECall qualifier giving the severity of the incident (currently automatic/manual)

Verification possibility via voice link

No false alarms (double check mechanism when triggered manually)

Safe automatic call also when driver is unconscious

Link to private service provider for additional optional services possible

STANDARDISATION

•Use GSM Network to communicate between the vehicle in the incident and the PSAP •In Europe , the emergency call number E112 used•Two main issues for the standardization • The transport protocol by which the Minimum Set of Data

(MSD) will be sent.• The content and the format of the MSD, It could amount to 140

bytes including info like time stamp, vehicle number and location.

• European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is incharge in setting the standards for the architecture.

TYPES OF CALLING PSAP

1. Voice call as an Alarm Medium: The advantage of an accident message via voice call is that it’s not necessary to have a SIM-Card installed for emergency call to the emergency number.

initiates a voice call to emergency number and advises the coordinates of the accident using a voice processor. A web database with connection to a map server would enable the emergency centre clarify the identity of the owner as well as the cars position.

2. SMS as an Alarm Medium: For transmitting a SMS-Message it’s necessary to have SIM-Card installed. The advantage of SMS is that you need less GSM reception than for a voice call. It is rather ensured, that the alarm can be sent, in consideration of damaging of the vehicle caused by an accident.

The reliability of voice call is 97% while it is 98% for SMS mode. They are almost equal in reliability as per the studies so we can go for any one of these two.

STEPS INVOLVED IN DETECTION OF ACCIDENT

1. Pre-certification

By making this mandatory for all vehicles and certifying them with specific codes it will be much easier to detect the identity of affected persons and in informing the news to their family members.

It is applicable if the following terminal interface specifications are made mandatory

i. Antennas, external sensors, vehicle bus ii. Vehicle installation matrix

Contd……

2. Application Tests:

i. Manual initialization of the e-Call function doesn’t depend on any sensors but will be invoked by the persons in vehicle.

ii. Automatic initialization of the e-Call function happens in relation of occurring of any of the tests mentioned belowa. Airbag detectionb. Rear impact detectionc. Side impact detectiond. Frontal impact detectione. Rollover detectionf. Temperature rise (fire) detection

3. Environmental tests Also the automatic initialization of e-call will happen also in case of detection of any of the following conditions:

a. High ambient temperatureb. Low ambient temperaturec. Loss of external power sourced. Impact resistancee. Vibration resistancef. Temperature and humidity cyclingg. Mobile data services not available

Contd……….

E-CALL @ PRESENT

•BMW•PSA PEUGEOT CITROEN•VOLVO

FUTURE•Installation of E-CALL technology in all new vehicles in Europe from 2015

ADVANTAGES

• Studies show that the emergency response time could be reduced by about 50% in rural areas and 40% in urban areas.

• It is estimated that the e-Call system could save up to 2,500 lives a year

• Reduce the severity of the injuries sustained in 15% of cases.

• Also the GPS tracker in the vehicle helps to find the location of the car when it is stolen, thus it helps to find about missing vehicles also.

• The system will also ensure a corresponding reduction in the number of traffic jams.

DISADVANTAGES

•Cost

•Complex for maintenance

•E-Call is a subscription service at present

BROAD SUPPORT FOR E-CALL!

•Austria•Belgium•Cyprus•The Czech Republic•Denmark•Estonia•Finland•Germany•Greece•Hungary•Italy

•Lithuania •Latvia•Luxemburg•Malta•The Netherlands•Portugal•Romania•Slovakia•Slovenia•Spain•Sweden

OVER VIEW:

•Highly efficient.

•Saves life.

•The government must take the responsibility of implementing this technology

•Drivers can be assured of a healthy drive and a pleasant ride

CONCLUSION