SEWP ZC 241: SEWP ZC 241: PRINCIPLES OF PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

CONTROL CONTROL TECHNIQUES & TECHNIQUES & INFORMATION INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY

After studying this chapter, you After studying this chapter, you should understand::should understand::

1.The nature of budgeting and types of budgets.

2. Zero-base budgeting

3. Nonbudgetary control devices

4. The nature and applications of information technology

After studying this chapter, you After studying this chapter, you should understand:should understand:5. The importance of computers in

handling information.

6. The challenges created by the new information technology, the Internet, other “nets,” groupware, and information security.

7.Developments in e-commerce, e-business, and m-commerce.

BUDGET AS A CONTROL BUDGET AS A CONTROL DEVICEDEVICE

• Budget: Formulation of plans for a given time in NUMERICAL terms.

• In Financial termsRevenue Buget, Expense Budget,

Capital Budget• In Non Financial Terms

Materials, sales volume, Direct Labour Hours

PITFALLS OF BUDGET AS A PITFALLS OF BUDGET AS A CONTROL DEVICECONTROL DEVICE

• Controls wrong things.

• Measures inputs, but ignores outputs like product quality, customer satisfaction.

TIME EVENT NETWORK TIME EVENT NETWORK ANALYSISANALYSIS

• Shows time relationship between events.

• Total program goals regarded as series of inter related supporting plans.

• Picks out more critical

elements of plan.

TIME EVENT NETWORK TIME EVENT NETWORK ANALYSISANALYSIS

• Breaks down project into controllable pieces.

• Milestones as identifiable segments.

GANTT CHARTSGANTT CHARTS

PERT CHARTSPERT CHARTS

Information Technology Information Technology • Data are the raw facts that may

not be very useful until they become information, that is, after they are processed and become meaningful and understandable by the receiver

Information Technology Information Technology • Data are the raw facts that may

not be very useful until they become information, that is, after they are processed and become meaningful and understandable by the receiver

This Is This Is DATADATA……..……..

Information Technology Information Technology

This Is This Is

INFORMATIONINFORMATION……..……..

Information Technology Information Technology

Information Technology Information Technology

Information Technology Information Technology

Information Technology Information Technology

The information system is defined as a formal system of gathering, Processingdispersing information internal and external to the enterprise in a timely, effective, and efficient

manner

Challenges Created by Challenges Created by Information Technology Information Technology

• Resistance to Computer Use

• Speech Recognition Devices

• Telecommuting Telecommuting means that a

person can work at a computer terminal at home instead of commuting to work

• Computer Networks

Challenges Created by Challenges Created by Information Technology Information Technology

• Internet

• Other Types of Networks intranet extranet

• Groupware Groupware makes it possible

to collaborate with others over long distances at the same time

• Information Security

The Digital Economy, The Digital Economy, E-commerce, and M-commerceE-commerce, and M-commerce

The Emerging Digital Economy

Four Kinds of Transactions

Business to Consumers (B2C).

Consumer to Business (C2B).

Consumer to Consumer (C2C).

Business to Business (B2B).

M-Commerce and Wireless Communication

B2CB2C

C2CC2C