CODE SWITCHING

DEGREE OF CODE SWITCHING

DEFINITION

(Code-switching) "occurs

when a bilingual

introduces a completely

unassimilated word from

another language into his

speech." (Haugen 1956:40)

"Code switching ... is the selection by

bilinguals or multilinguals of forms

from an embedded variety (or

varieties) in utterances of a matrix

variety during the same conversation"

(Myers-Scotton 1993:3).

Appel ( 1976 : 76) code

switching” the changing of

the using language because

of the changing of

situation”

Hymes (1875: 103) Code

switching has become a common

term for alternate us of two or

more language, varieties of

language, or even speech styles

DEFINITION OF CODE

SWITCHING

Code switching is the alternation of the use of at least two languages or their

varieties or styles in the same conversation in A bilingual community, and structurally it is inter-sentential. It is also functional

(done on purpose)

The Kinds of code

switching

According to

Wardhaugh and

Hudson

Metaphorical Situational

According to

Suwito in Chaer

(2004: 114)

Internal Code External Code

Types of

code

switching

Reasons For code switching

Speaker Listener

Situation

change

because of

third person

Change

from

formal and

informal

Change

of

discussion

topic

Example 1 :

(The Maori is in italics. THE TRANSLATION IS IN A SMALL

CAPITALS)

Sarah : I think everyone’s here except Mere.

John : she said she might be abit late but actually I think that’s her

arriving now.

Sarah : you’re right. Kia ora Mere. Haere mai, Kei tepehen koe?

[HI MERE, COME IN. HOW ARE YOU?]

Mere : Kia ora e hoa. Kei te pai. Have you started yet?

[HELLO MY FRIEND. I’M FINE]

Example 2 :

A : “Sudah lama di Jakarta, Pak?”

B : “Lama juga, dari sejak kuliah.”

A : “Dulu SMAnya memang di mana?”

B : “Di Bone.”

A : “Si kampong ki tu’ “

B : “Tega ki monro komai?”

A : “Ko ka di Jatinegara mabbola.”