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CODE-SWITCHING
OUTLINE
What is Code-switching ?
Why we use Code-switching ?
History of Code-switching
Types of Code-switching
Examples of Code-switching
Conclusion
WHAT IS CODE-SWITCHING ?
Speakers of more than one language (e.g.,
bilinguals or multilinguals) are known for
their ability to code-switch or mix their
languages during communication.
This phenomenon
occurs when
bilinguals
substitute a word
or phrase from one
language with a
word or phrase
from another
language.
FOR EXAMPLE ;
I want a motorcycle VERDE. (English-Spanish)
In this sentence, the English word
“green” is replaced with its Spanish
equivalent.
FOR EXAMPLE ;
You have to find a KALO PEDI and marry him.
(English-Greek)
In this sentence, the English word “good
guy” is replaced with its Greek equivalent.
WHY WE USE CODE-SWITCHING ?
Better word or phrase
More readily available
Communicative tool
HISTORY OF CODE-SWITCHING !
Code-switching has been known since
the early twentieth century.
The first research
Ronjat 1913 & Leopold 1939
In 1972, Blom and
Grumperz discovered
that members of the
village spoke two
dialects of Norwegian
and used them
according to specific
situations.
In 1977, Carol Myers-Scotton and
William Ury identified code-switching as
the “use of two or more linguistic
varieties in the same conversation or
interaction.”
TYPES OF CODE-SWITCHING !
There are three kinds of code-
switching. Here are;
Intersentential switching
Intra-sentential switching
Tag-switching
Let’s look at
these examples !
EXAMPLES OF CODE-SWITCHING !
Spanglish (Spanish & English)
Urban-Slang & Standart English
Spanglish (Spanish & English)
English & German
REFERENCE LIST
http://www.glottopedia.de/index.php/Code-switching
http://www.learnnc.org/lp/pages/4558
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code-switching
http://answers.yourdictionary.com/technology/what-is-code-s
witching.html
http://www.tamiu.edu/~rheredia/switch.htm
Essay about Code-Switching Roberto R.
Heredia and Jeffrey M. Brown Texas A & M International
University
Code-switching and Code mixing (E-book)
Kübra Ekinci
2-A 110102002