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Plagiarism tutorial
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Can you cut? Can you paste?
Congratulations! You can plagiarize!
Kay Cunningham, Library DirectorChristian Brothers University
Fall 2011
But the question is—can you not?
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?
Plagiarism. What is it?“Plagiarism is using the work of others and offering it as
one’s own. This includes the use of another’s ideas or writings without proper acknowledgement, submitting a paper written by another, or submitting an examination or assignment containing work copied from someone else.”
--Christian Brothers University, The Compass Student Handbook (Section 5, Academic Policies and Procedures, Part C.), http://www.cbu.edu/idc/groups/public/documents/web_assets/compass11-12.pdf
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Who does it?
• The Inexperienced• The Foolish• The Careless• The Lazy
• The Arrogant• The Liars• The Cheaters• The Thieves
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Who’s done it?
• Michael Bolton• German Defense Minist
er, Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg
• Madonna• Stephen Ambrose• Doris Kearns Goodwin
• Kaavya Viswanathan• The Black-Eyed Peas• Jayson Blair• 48 expelled University o
f Virginia students• University President, Wi
lliam Meehan• Joyce Hatto’s husband
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What about Copyright?
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Two different things
Different, but related
You can plagiarize without violating copyright, and you can violate copyright without plagiarizing
But, you can also plagiarize AND
violate copyright
Comparison
Copyright• Mainly a legal violation• Involves physical
reproduction – copying in the technological sense
• Infringes on the author’s work, ideas, reputation, and
Plagiarism• Mainly an ethical violation;
tho’ sometimes legal• Involves verbal /written
reproduction – copying in the grade school sense (Don’t copy your neighbor’s work!)
• Infringes on the author’s work, ideas, reputation
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Ethics
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And while there are many ethical ways (that is, through FAIR USE) in
which you can use copyrighted material, there are NO ethical
ways in which you can plagiarize.
How do people do it?
• EASY! They copy! And paste!
• They copy, with or without pasting
• Their copying doesn’t include quotation marks
• Their paraphrasing leaves much to be desired
• They work from bad notes
• They fail to give credit, attribution, citations
• They don’t review their work
• They wait until the last minute
• They claim they did something they didn’t
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Why you shouldn’t do it
• It’s unethical• It demonstrates a lack of care and attention at
best and a lack of academic (and personal) integrity at worst
• You’ll fail
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Arrrgh, matey!
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Just because our mascot’s the Buccaneer, it’s no excuse for
you to act like a pirate….
Avoid doing it• Give yourself enough
time– To research– To write– To review
• Take good notes– Words, examples you may
want to use– Details about the material
—author, title, source, etc.– Where you found it
• Quote, paraphrase, and cite—correctly and consistently– APA, MLA, Turabian– Whatever style your
instructor assigns• Give sources for all things
that are not your own– Words– Pictures– Data– Ideas
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Avoid doing it
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And ask for help when you need
it!
Quotation• Exact wording• In quotation marks or set in a block (used for long quotes)
“The treatment of McTaggart's work as a source changed after the first edition of Goodwin's book. The changes were not accompanied by any acknowledgment of defects in the earlier edition. And to this day, the borrowed passages are not placed in quotation marks, though they are now footnoted.” –Bo Crader, A Historian and Her Sources,
http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/000/793ihurw.asp
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Paraphrase
• Changed wording• Same ideas• Similar structure
Later editions of Goodwin’s book show a different treatment of McTaggart’s work. Changes do not acknowledge earlier problems and copied passages—though footnoted—are not in quotation marks. –Bo Crader, A Historian and Her Sources,
http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/000/793ihurw.asp
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Citation
Basic elements • Author’s full name• Title of article or chapter• Name of journal or book• Date of publication
– Full date (for a journal)– Year (for a book)
• Place of publication (for a book)• Page numbers (when necessary)• Online source (when necessary)
– URL– Database– DOI
Commonly-used stylesMLACrader, Bo. “A Historian and Her Sources.” The
Weekly Standard. 28 January 2002. Web. 9 November 2011.
APACrader, B. (2002, January 28). A historian and her
sources. The Weekly Standard. Retrieved from http://www.cbu.edu/cbu/Library/instruct/help/citing/articleweb/index.htm
See the Library’s Citing Sources (http://www.cbu.edu/cbu/Library/instruct/help/citing/index.htm) for more examples.
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Let me check that out
Citations are
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…anything anyone else would need to find the book or article again.
That was interesting; I’d like to read more
What a load of
I don’t believe that—where’d it come from?
I’d like to use some of those ideas myself
Who said that?
Common knowledge• With well-known facts– George Washington was the first president– Steve Jobs was the CEO of Apple– Another name for the Mississippi is the Father of
Waters– TWILIGHT is about vampires– Plagiarism is not acceptable
Citations not required
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When in doubt…CITE!
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If it’s someone else’s idea, whether you quote it
directly or paraphrase it, CITE!
CITE! Even if…
• Even if it’s “on the Internet”– And just what isn’t?
• Even if it’s “free”– Authors of freely available work
still want audiences, attention, and acknowledgement
• Even if it’s “public domain”– It’s still someone else’s words,
work, and ideas
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…blood, toil, tears, and…
No matter what this guy says, no one’s going to mistake him for Churchill
Actually,
“…blood, toil, tears, and…” is an example of something that need not be cited. It is an allusion, and it should be common knowledge on top of that.
Allusions are phrases and situations that are so familiar that the mere use of a few words is enough to recall the entire event; citing them actually defeats the purpose of alluding.
As a good example, and in the event that someone’s not heard of Churchill, a citation is included for further information….
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…blood, toil, tears, and…
No matter what this guy says, no one’s going to mistake him for Churchill
For further information
Christian Brothers University. The Compass Student Handbook, 2011-2012. http://www.cbu.edu/idc/groups/public/documents/web_assets/compass11-12.pdf
Churchill, Winston. Speech to the House of Commons, May 13, 1940. http://www.winstonchurchill.org/learn/speeches/speeches-of-winston-churchill/92-blood-toil-tears-and-sweat
Crader, Bo. A Historian and Her Sources. The Weekly Standard Blog, January 18, 2002. http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/000/793ihurw.asp
Fogel, Karl. The Joyce Hatto Case: How Filesharing Defeats Plagiarism. QuestionCopyright.org, February 28, 2007. http://questioncopyright.org/filesharing_defeats_plagiarism
Lewis, Mark. The Ambrose Saga. Forbes.com, February 27, 2002. http://www.forbes.com/2002/01/10/ambroseintro.html
Madonna Loses Plagiarism Case in Belgium. NineMSN, November 9, 2011. http://news.ninemsn.com.au/entertainment/73024/madonna-loses-plagiarism-case-in-belgium
Matabuena, Julien Merced C. Black-Eyed Peas Slapped with Another Plagiarism Lawsuit. Manila Bulletin Newspaper Online, November 5, 2010. http://www.mb.com.ph/node/285983/black-eyed-pea
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For further information
Michael Bolton Loses Plagiarism Appeal. WPBFChannel.com, May 10, 2000. http://www.wpbf.com/sh/entertainment/stories/entertainment-20000510-003715.html
Pidd, Helen. German Defense Minister Resigns in PhD Plagiarism Row. The Guardian, March 1, 2011. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/mar/01/german-defence-minister-resigns-plagiarism
Plagiarism Today [website]. http://www.plagiarismtoday.com/
Plough Library, Christian Brothers University. Citing Sources. http://sun.cbu.edu/cbu/Library/instruct/help/citing/index.htm
Rieder, Rem. The Jayson Blair Affair. American Journalism Review, June 2003. http://www.ajr.org/article.asp?id=3019
Trex, Ethan. Seven College Cheating Scandals . Mental Floss Blog, March 24, 2011. http://www.mentalfloss.com/blogs/archives/25259
Smith, Dinitia and Motoko Rich. A Second Ripple in Plagiarism Scandal. New York Times, May 2, 2006. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/02/books/02auth.html
Stolley, Karl and Allen Brizee. Purdue Online Writing Lab: Avoiding Plagiarism, August 24, 2011. http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/1/
What Plagiarism Looks Like [website]. http://sites.google.com/site/whatplagiarismlookslike/
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Contact: Kay CunninghamPlough [email protected]
Can you cut? Can you paste? by Kay Cunningham is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
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