C06 Henslin9e

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A Down-to-Earth Approach 9/eA Down-to-Earth Approach 9/e

Chapter 6:Chapter 6:

Societies to Social NetworksSocieties to Social Networks

Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 2

““People who interact with one another and People who interact with one another and

think of themselves as belonging together.”think of themselves as belonging together.”

What is a Group?What is a Group?


Domestication RevolutionDomestication Revolution

Hunting and GatheringHunting and Gathering

Pastoral and HorticulturalPastoral and Horticultural

AgriculturalAgricultural

Societies and Their Transformation



Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution

Postindustrial (Information)Postindustrial (Information)

Biotech - New Type?Biotech - New Type?






Not to be Confused with Groups...Not to be Confused with Groups...

AggregateAggregate

CategoryCategory

Groups Within SocietyGroups Within Society


Primary GroupsPrimary Groups Face-to-FaceFace-to-Face

The FamilyThe Family

FriendsFriends

Producing a Mirror WithinProducing a Mirror Within



Secondary GroupsSecondary Groups

Larger, More AnonymousLarger, More Anonymous

Members Interact Based on StatusesMembers Interact Based on Statuses

Fail to Satisfy Need for Intimate Fail to Satisfy Need for Intimate

AssociationAssociation



In-Groups and Out-GroupsIn-Groups and Out-Groups

Loyalty to In-GroupsLoyalty to In-Groups

Antagonism Towards Out-GroupsAntagonism Towards Out-Groups



In-Groups and Out-Groups Produce…In-Groups and Out-Groups Produce… LoyaltyLoyalty

Sense of SuperioritySense of Superiority

RivalriesRivalries

Implications for Socially Diverse SocietyImplications for Socially Diverse Society



Reference GroupsReference Groups

Evaluating OurselvesEvaluating Ourselves

Expose Us to Contradictory Expose Us to Contradictory

StandardsStandards



Social NetworksSocial Networks

The Small World PhenomenonThe Small World Phenomenon

Is the Small World Phenomenon a Myth?Is the Small World Phenomenon a Myth?



Implications for Socially Implications for Socially

Diverse SocietyDiverse Society

Implications for ScienceImplications for Science



Electronic CommunitiesElectronic Communities People Connect OnlinePeople Connect Online

NewsgroupsNewsgroups

Online Chat RoomsOnline Chat Rooms

Some Meet Definition of GroupSome Meet Definition of Group



Group Size Affects Stability and Group Size Affects Stability and IntimacyIntimacy DyadDyad TriadTriad CoalitionsCoalitions

As Size Increases, So Does StabilityAs Size Increases, So Does Stability As Size Increases, Intensity and As Size Increases, Intensity and

Intimacy DecreaseIntimacy Decrease

Group DynamicsGroup Dynamics


Effects of Group Size on Attitudes Effects of Group Size on Attitudes

and Behaviorand Behavior

The Larger the Group…The Larger the Group… Greater Diffusion of ResponsibilityGreater Diffusion of Responsibility

Increase in FormalityIncrease in Formality

Division into Smaller GroupsDivision into Smaller Groups




Who Becomes a Leader?Who Becomes a Leader?

Types of LeadersTypes of Leaders InstrumentalInstrumental

ExpressiveExpressive

LeadershipLeadership


Leadership StylesLeadership Styles AuthoritarianAuthoritarian

DemocraticDemocratic

Laissez-FaireLaissez-Faire

Leadership Styles in Leadership Styles in

Changing SituationsChanging Situations

LeadershipLeadership


Power of Peer Pressure—Asch Power of Peer Pressure—Asch

ExperimentExperiment Study on ConformityStudy on Conformity





Power of Peer Pressure—Asch Power of Peer Pressure—Asch

ExperimentExperiment Study on ConformityStudy on Conformity

Power of Authority—Milgram Power of Authority—Milgram

ExperimentExperiment Administering ShocksAdministering Shocks


Irving Janis Coined the TermIrving Janis Coined the Term

Examples of GroupthinkExamples of Groupthink

Preventing GroupthinkPreventing Groupthink

Groupthink - Global Consequences

Groupthink - Global Consequences

A Down-to-Earth Approach 9/eA Down-to-Earth Approach 9/e

Chapter 6:Chapter 6:

Societies to Social NetworksSocieties to Social Networks

Education

C06 Henslin9e