Arabic learning course part 13/27

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

| Home | Support Us | Printable E-book | Downloadable Website | Podcasts | User Materials |

| Low Bandwidth Website | Receive Updates | Report Errors | About Us | Contact Us | Help | FAQs |

Arabic Course Vocabulary/Flashcards Tests

Forum Bookshop Tuition Services

Lesson 13 - ��

Introduction –��In this lesson we will learn the following things, In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing):

o We will learn the plural form of the Demonstrative Pronoun for the masculine and feminine nouns.

English Transliteration

Demonstrative

noun (Arabic)

Singular /

Plural

(Arabic)

Masculine /

Feminine

(Arabic)

Grammatical Term

This

(masculine)

/Hādhā/ ��

� ��!�" #$��%�&��'(��

These /Hā’ulā’i/ �$)�*�� +��,�

This

(feminine)

/Hādhihi/ �-�� .��/�*��

These /Hā’ulā’i/ �$)�*�� +��,�

We will learn the two kinds of plural forms of the nouns and adjectives:

Sound Plural 0+��1 02��%

Free Arabic Language Course, Learn Arabic, Arabic Tuition http://www.madinaharabic.com/UAT/Arabic_Language_Course/Lesson...

1 of 3 م 10:00 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

English Transliteration Arabic Word

Singular /

Plural (Arabic)

Masculine /

Feminine (Arabic)

A teacher

(masc.)

/Mudarrisun/ 0��

�� Teachers

(masc.)

/Mudarrisūna/ �34�%�� +��,�

A lady teacher

(fem.)

/Mudarrisatun/ ��%��

.��/�*�� Lady teachers

(fem.)

/Mudarrisātun/ 05�%�� +��,�

§ Broken Plural �+��1 67�8�9�: :

English Transliteration Arabic

Singular / Plural

(Arabic)

Masculine / Feminine

(Arabic)

A book /Kitābun/ 0;�<��

Books /Kutubun/ 0=�<.� �+��,�

A garden /Hadīqatun/ ��(��> �� .��/�*��

Gardens /Hada’iqun/ �?�@ ��> �+��,�




2 of 3 م 10:00 24/03/2010

Madinaharabic.com - Arabic Language Course


3 of 3 م 10:00 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11





Lesson 13 - ��

Continued

In this part of the lesson we will learn the plural form of the Demonstrative Pronouns In-Shā’-Allâh

(God willing) for objects that are nearby ("these") and objects that are further away ("those"). In

the previous lessons we have already learnt the following demonstrative Pronouns:

Lesson No. 1 section 1 states that �� is the Demonstrative Pronoun used to refer to closerobjects representing masculine nouns ("this")

Lesson No. 6 section 2 states that �� is the Demonstrative Pronoun used to refer to closerobjects representing feminine nouns. ("this")

The plural form of these Demonstrative Pronouns is the same for the masculine and feminine nouns

i.e.

English Transliteration

Demonstrative

Pronoun

(Arabic)

Singular /

Plural

(Arabic)

Masculine /

Feminine

(Arabic)

Grammatical Term

This

(masculine)

/Hādhā/ �� !�"

�#�$%��&� These /Hā’ulā’i/ � '�(�� )��*�

This /Hādhihi/ �� +��,�(��


1 of 3 م 10:00 24/03/2010

(feminine)

These /Hā’ulā’i/ �� '�(�� )��*�

The plural form of the Demonstrative Pronoun for the close objects is � '�(��. It is an indeclinableword and always takes a /kasrah/. It must however be remembered that � '�(�� is used only forhuman beings and not for non human beings.

Let’s take some examples for a better understanding of the rule:

Picture English Arabic

Singular: This is a teacher

Plural: These are teachers

..�/��0 �� :��

.�23�!/��0 � '�(�� :�)��*�

Singular: This is a female

student

Plural: These are female

students

.4#�$��5 �� :��

..6�$��5 � '�(�� :�)��*�

Singular: This is an engineer

Plural: These are engineers

..��7�8�0 �� :��

.�23�!��7�8�0 � '�(�� :�)��*�

Singular: This is a lady teacher

Plural: These are lady teachers

.4#�!/��0 �� :��

..6�!/��0 � '�(�� :�)��*�


2 of 3 م 10:00 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Singular: This is a farmer

Plural: These are farmers

..9:�; �� :��

.�23�<:�; � '�(�� :�)��*�

Singular: This is a female

colleague

Plural: These are female

colleagues

.4#�=>�0�? �� :��

..6:�>�0�? � '�(�� :�)��*�

Singular: This is hard working

Plural: These are hard working

..��8�@�*�0 �� :��

.�2A��8�@�*�0 � '�(�� :�)��*�

Singular: This is a wife

Plural: These are wives

.4#�B�A�? �� :��

..6�B�A�? � '�(�� :�)��*�





3 of 3 م 10:00 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11





Lesson 13 - ��

Exercise - ��In this section we will have multiple questions to test your understanding of the principles we have

learnt In-Shā'-Allâh (God-Willing). To answer the questions:

o Type the complete answer for the following questions by selecting the question and using the

on-screen keyboard or your actual keyboard.

o Use the Shift key to enter characters on the upper portions of the letters and use full

diacritics in your answers – e.g. fathah, kasrah, sukūn etc.

o Do not use diacritics in the following cases:

§ The Alif followed by laam � (while the laam itself can be signed with a vowel)§ The laam followed by alif � (while the Alif itself can be signed when it comes with

hamzah).

§ Do not put the small Alif on words like ��. § Do not put diacritics on long vowels.

o Upon completion of all questions, click on the Mark button to see the correct answer and to

get your mark.

· For more instructions click here.

�� ) �� !"� #$��%�& �'�(�) �*�+��, �-�.�(/0 1��& ��%�2(�-��4


1 of 2 م 10:00 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

The Arabic sentence above means "Point to the following nouns using the Demonstrative Pronoun

for the nearby objects". For each of the sentences, type out the full sentence using the words below

and include the vowel marks.

Mark Reset

5�,�672 .....(This is my sister)

5�6�2 .....(This is my brother)

�9��:7; .....(This is a hotel)

<$��+�=�> .....(This is a grand daughter)

�?�.@"�A�B .....(These are lady instructors)

�CD�(E��B .....(These are teachers)

�CD�.�"�F�B .....(These are Muslims)

�?�G+�G�H .....(These are lady doctors)

Mark Reset





2 of 2 م 10:00 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11





Lesson 13 - ��

Continued

In this section, we will learn the plural form of nouns and Adjectives In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing).

In English, adjectives have no plural form. So when an adjective is used to describe a singular

noun, the same word is used to describe the plural noun e.g., if we say "Good boy" for a singular

noun then in the same manner we say "Good boys" for the plural nouns.

In Arabic however even the adjectives have plural form, e.g., when we express the quality of a

teacher by saying �� (A good teacher), it will become �� i.e., Goodteachers for the plural nouns. So the noun as well as the adjective becomes plural and both change

form.

English and Arabic both have two kinds of plural:

Sound Plurals

Broken Plurals

The Sound Plural is the plural form of a word in which the word keeps its original form and is simply

extended:

E.g., For English Nouns

Chair ======> Chairs

School ======> Schools

Girl ======> Girls

For Arabic Nouns and Adjectives:

�� ====== �!��People fasting ========== A person fasting

�"�� ====== #$��


1 of 5 م 10:01 24/03/2010

Female teachers ========== A female teacher

��%�&�'�� ====== ��%�&�'��Hard workers ========== A hard worker

�" �(�)�� ====== #*�(�)��Small things (feminine) ========== A small thing (feminine)

In Arabic, the sound plural is either masculine or feminine. In order to convert a singular masculine

noun or adjective to plural the following steps should be taken:

The /tanwīn/ on the last letter of the indefinite word is replaced with the single vowel of the

equivalent - i.e. single /đammah/ (when in nominative case), single /fatħah/ (when in accusative

case) and single /kasrah/ (when in genitive case)

�� is added at the end of the word if it is in nominative case with a /đammah/ and �+, is added ifthe word is in accusative with a /fatħah/ or genitive case with a /kasrah/.

However if the word is definite, then simply �� is added at the end of the word if it is innominative case and �+, is added if the word is in accusative or genitive case. Please see below -please take note of the colour coding to emphasise the changed and additional letters to make the

words into sound plurals:

�� -.�/�0 ====== �!�� 1�0��These are fasting ========== This is fasting

�� 2�,�3�� ====== 4�� 2�,�3��5I saw teachers ========== I saw a teacher

�6�7�� 8�� 9�3 ====== :!�6�7�� 8�� 9�3��5I am with Muslims ========== I am with a Muslim

��;�%��< ====== ��;�%��< ��The engineers ========== The engineer

=�>< �8�� ?�� ===== �@=�>< �8�� ?��A�5Muhammad is with the farmers ===== Muhammad is with the farmer

��;�%��< �"��B ====== ��;�%��< �"��B�5


2 of 5 م 10:01 24/03/2010

I visited the engineers ========== I visited the engineer

Let’s take some examples to understand this rule:


This is a Muslim .�!�6�7�� 1�0

These are Muslims ��6�7�� -.�/�0.��

I saw an inspector .4��&�>�� 2�,�3��

I saw inspectors �&�>�� 2�,�3��.�5

He is with a supervisor .:D�� 8�� 0


3 of 5 م 10:01 24/03/2010

He is with supervisors �� 8�� 0�%�5.

The person who fasts �!��E

The people who fast ��E ��

I saw the teacher .��< �2�,�3��

I saw the teachers ��< �2�,�3��5.

I am with the instructor .�!F6�G��< �8�� 9�3

I am with the instructors F6�G��< �8�� 9�3��5.


4 of 5 م 10:01 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11





5 of 5 م 10:01 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11



Arabic Course Vocabulary/

Flashcards Tests


Lesson 13 - ��

Continued

In order to convert a singular feminine noun or adjective to plural the following steps should be

taken: The last letter � of the feminine word is replaced with � �� ====== ��

Small things (feminine) ========== A small thing (feminine)

�� ====== �!�� With female teachers ========== With a female teacher

��"�#�$% ====== &!��"�#�$% The female engineers ========== The female engineer

Let’s take some examples to understand this rule:


A female instructor is in the

house

.�!�$()�*�� +�,�-% .�/


1 of 3 م 10:01 24/03/2010

Female instructors are in the

house

�$()�*�� +�,�-% .�/��.

This female student is hard

working

.��#�0�1�� &!�-��2 �3�4�5

These female students are hard

working

�-��2 �67�8�5��#�0�1�� .

I went with a female engineer .�!��"�#�� +�-�5�9

I went with female engineers ��"�#�� +�-�5�9��.

Khalida visited a female scholar .:!�$�� &��; �� <

Khalida visited female scholars �$�� &��; �� <��.


2 of 3 م 10:01 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11





3 of 3 م 10:01 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11





Lesson 13 - ��









hamzah).



get your mark.


�� ! "�# �$�%�&�� &�� '�( )*�'�+ ,��- ��.��/ �0�'�12 ��3&�4


1 of 2 م 10:01 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

· The Arabic sentence above means "Change the following sentences to the plural as demonstrated

in the examples (below)". For each of the sentences, type out the full sentence using the words below and

include the vowel marks.

5��6��3.�+ ��3�� :�89��3.�+ �8&�:3�� ;��<��

5��=>?��@�A�1�� >��B��C �D�� :�E ��@�A�1�� E�B��C �;��<��

Mark Reset

��3.�+ �FG��H�� (This is a good instructor)

>��B3.�C >��+�9�I �D��(This is a noble wife)

>��'��J�� >��%3��'�� D��(This is a Muslim nurse)

��@�A�1�� 3�� (This is a hard working teacher)

)?�K�B�( )��: ��5( ,�� L�B�A�((I wrote on a big notebook)

>?��3.�+ >��'�� D��(This is a good female scholar)

M?��+ M��B.�B�C �E��I(I visited a new lady doctor)

�F�N�O PQ R��S��(Allah likes a person who fasts)

Mark Reset





2 of 2 م 10:01 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11





Lesson 13 - ��

Continued

The Broken Plural is the plural form of a word in which the original form of the word is changed to a

great extent - i.e. it is a change in the word rather than an extension of the word:

o E.g. For English Nouns

§ Man ======> Men

§ Woman ======> Women

In Arabic, a word is generally formed on the pattern of three basic letters /fa/ ��, /ξa/ ��, and /la/�� -/fa ξa la/ �� i.e. ��, �� etc.

Unlike in English, the broken plural is very widely used in Arabic. There are more than twenty

patterns of the broken plural. For example "A word falls into one of a number of 'patterns'. Once we

know the pattern group that a word belongs to, we know how the word will change in plural

form. This is done by mapping each letter of the word in the singular form to it's plural form and

may involve adding letters to the word in the process."

We will cover what we mean by pattern and how we are using the middle column (below) a bit later

In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing). Some of these patterns are given below:

Plural Pattern Singular

�!"�� – $ – �� – ��


1 of 2 م 10:01 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

(Stars) ��"��%� (A star)

�&�'%(

(Books)

�� – �� – ��

��%�

�)�'�(

(A book)

��

(Mountains)

�� – – �� – ��

��

��

(Mountain)

�*��+

(Pilgrims)

�� – – �� – ��

��%�

,*�+

(A pilgrim)

�!-./�0

(Pens)

�� – – �� – �� – �0

��.��0

��1�/

(A pen)

23-�4�5

(Colleagues)

23 – – �� – �� – ��

23-��%�

��6�4�5

(A colleague)

23��78�0

(Doctors)

23 – – �� – �� – �� – �0

23-��.��0

�&6��8

(A Doctor)

�9�"�:�;

(Brothers)

�9 – �� – �� – ��

�<�1��

�=�0

(Brother)





2 of 2 م 10:01 24/03/2010

��

Madinaharabic.com - Free Arabic Language Course http://www.madinaharabic.com/UAT/Arabic_Language_Course/Lesson...

1 of 1 م 10:02 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11



Arabic Course Vocabulary/

Flashcards Tests


Lesson 13 - ��

Continued

There are no specific rules or patterns for the formation of the Broken Plural of the feminine nouns

or adjectives. The feminine nouns are mostly sound plurals. However some of the Broken Plurals of

the feminine nouns are given below but they have no specific patterns:

Picture Plural Singular

��

(Girls)

��

(A girl)

��

(Sisters)

��

(Sister)

��

(Young ladies)

!��

(Young lady)


1 of 2 م 10:02 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

"#�$%�&

(Women)

-Plural from a

different root

�!��'& ( !��)

(Woman)





2 of 2 م 10:02 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11





Lesson 13 - ��









hamzah).



get your mark.


�� !�"#$ �%�!�& �'��


1 of 3 م 10:02 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

The Arabic sentence above means "Give plural of the following words". For each of the sentences,

type out the full sentence using the words below and include the vowel marks.

Mark Reset

�(�)�*(Girl)

�(�+,-(Sister)

.��!�/�0�1(A Muslim female)

.��2��2�3(Lady doctor)

��2�3(A doctor)

�4�5�6(A husband)

.��&�5�6(A wife)

.7�8�9(A young girl)

.7�:�2�;(Elder)

.��/��<�3(Tall)

.7��&(New)

�=�-(Brother)

�:�2�;(Big/Elder)

.>��<�3(Tall)

,7�-��!? (Woman)

��&(New)

Mark Reset




2 of 3 م 10:02 24/03/2010



3 of 3 م 10:02 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11





Lesson 13 - ��

Revision – �� In this lesson we have learnt the following things:

The plural form of the Demonstrative Pronoun for the masculine and feminine nouns.

Sound Plural.

Broken Plural.

Vocabulary Revision – ��

The plural �� The singular ��

Sound plural !"��# !�� These �$%�&�'

Lady teachers !��#(�� Teachers (masc.) �)*�#(��

Books !+�,�- Broken plural ./�0�1�2 ��

Female students !��3��4 Gardens �5�6 ��7

Farmers �)*�78�9 Engineers �)*�#��:�;��

Grand daughter �<��=��7 Wives !��>�?


1 of 4 م 10:03 24/03/2010

Lady instructors !��@A�� Hotel !B��:�9

Lady doctors !��3=�3�4 Muslims �)*��A�0��

Person who fasts !"�6�C Good �)>��(=��

Hard working �)>��;�,� �� People who fast �)*��6�C

An investigator !D(,�� Small !� �/�E�C

Supervisor �)*�;��*�� Investigators �)*��(,��

Hard working

(females)

!� ��;�,� �� Instructors �)*��@A��

Female scholars !�� Female scholar ��

Mountain /

Mountains

�F�3�� \ �H�3�� Star / Stars !I*� �J \ !"� �J

Pen / Pens !I8�K�L \ !"�A�K Pilgrim / Pilgrims !M� �7 \ NM�7

Brother / Brothers �<�*�O�P \ !Q�L Doctor / Doctors R$�3�4�L \ !+=�3�4

Young man /

young men

��=�,�9 \ ST,�9 Short !��U�K \ !/�U�K

Name / Names V$��#�L \ !"�# New !�� \ !�W��


2 of 4 م 10:03 24/03/2010

Student /

Students

!X8�4 \ !+��4 Tall �F �*�4 \ �HW�*�4

A guest / Guests !Y*�=�Z \ ![�=�Z Son / Sons V$�:�\�L \ !]�\�

Merchant /

Merchants

!�� 2 \ !��2 Man / Men �F�� \ �H��

Boy / Boys !�%�>�L \ !��>Learned man /

Learned Men

!Q*�=�̂ \ !_�=�̂

Elder / Elders !��3�- \ !/�3�-Paternal uncle /

Paternal uncles

!I��L \ N"��

Rich R$�=�:�̀ �L \ Na�:�̀ Poor R$ ��b�9 \ !/�b�9

Friend / Friends R$�K��C�L \ !5W��C Farm / Farms �F*�b�7 \ �H�b�7

Woman / Women V$�0�J \ �<�L�� Husband /

Husbands

!M �>�?�L \ !M�>�?

Sister / Sisters !� �*�O�L \ !c�O�L Girl / Girls !��:�\ \ !c�:�\

Young lady /

Young ladies

!��=�,�9 \ �<�,�9The woman / The

women

R$�0(:� \ �<�L��

Now that you have covered this lesson, please also try some of the additional features we have

including:

o Discussion Forum– Discuss the grammatical topics learnt and any areas of confusion.

o Vocabulary Flashcards– Practice your vocabulary by category.


3 of 4 م 10:03 24/03/2010

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

o Questions Flashcards– Practice questions related to the grammatical topics covered in the

lessons.

We will be updating the features above to help you throughout the course In-Shā’-Allâh (God

willing).

Next Lesson





4 of 4 م 10:03 24/03/2010

Education

Arabic learning course part 13/27