PowerPoint Presentation

Green Teens

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ObjectiveAction Plan to provide a solution for Effective Solid Waste Management for National Capital Delhi Solid Waste collection, disposal and recycling

IntroductionManaging Waste Stream has become a daunting taskLandfills facing Capacity CrisisMost Landfills are used just for Dumping Raw Wasteignoring a possible source of income through recycling

Location Ghazipur Landfill Site

Key to SuccessContinuous and abundant Supply of Solid WasteVendor ManagementManagement the collection, segregation and movement of Solid Waste Stream Processing of Solid Waste StreamClient ManagementOrganizational Culture

Increasing Demand for Waste Management

Current Scenario Solid Waste ManagementDelhi generates ~ 6000 tonnes of Solid Waste per dayRank last amongst the four Indian metros in solid Waste Collection, Disposal and Recycling

OpportunityNeed to provide a solution to Urban Solid Waste Management problemUtilize increasing stream of Urban Solid Waste as a source of income through recycling, producing electricity etc.

Waste- Definition & ClassificationAny material which is not needed by the owner, producer or processor.

ClassificationDomestic wasteFactory wasteWaste from oil factoryE-wasteConstruction wasteAgricultural wasteFood processing wasteBio-medical wasteNuclear waste

Classification of WastesSolid waste- vegetable waste, kitchen waste, household waste etc.

E-waste- discarded electronic devices like computer, TV, music systems etc.

Liquid waste- water used for different industries eg tanneries, distillaries, thermal power plants

Plastic waste- plastic bags, bottles, buckets etc.

Metal waste- unused metal sheet, metal scraps etc.

Nuclear waste- unused materials from nuclear power plants

Solid Waste in India7.2 million tonnes of hazardous waste

One Sq km of additional landfill area every-year

Rs 1600 crore for treatment & disposal of these wastes

In addition to this industries discharge about 150 million tonnes of high volume low hazard waste every year, which is mostly dumped on open low lying land areas.

Source: Estimate of Ministry of Environment & Forest

Solid Waste

Growth of Solid Waste In IndiaWaste is growing by leaps & bounds

In 1981-91, population of Mumbai increased from 8.2 million to 12.3 million

During the same period, municipal solid waste has grown from 3200 tonnes to 5355 tonne, an increase of 67%

Waste collection is very low for all Indian cities

City like Bangalore produces 2000 tonnes of waste per annum, the ever increasing waste has put pressure on hygienic condition of the city

Source: The Energy & Resources Institute, New Delhi

Waste Collection in IndiaPrimarily by the city municipality-No gradation of waste product eg bio-degradable, glasses, polybags, paper shreds etc-Dumps these wastes to the city outskirts

Local raddiwala / kabadiwala (Rag pickers)-Collecting small iron pieces by magnets-Collecting glass bottles-Collecting paper for recycling

MCD- Sophisticated DWM (Delhi Waste Management) vehicle

How solid waste affected us in recent years?Cloudburst in Mumbai (2005) clogged the sewage line due to large no. of plastic bags

Blast in the Bhusan Steel factory at Noida, caused due to imported scrap from Iran

Reduction in the number of migratory birds due to consumption of contaminated foods

Stray animals dying on streets and farmland due to consumption of plastic bags, which blocks the food movement in their stomach

Hazardous / Toxic Waste & Dumping SiteIndustrialised countries have waste management problems

Developed countries have strict environment regulation norms

Most attractive option for them- to dump into developing countries

Philadelphias Municipal Waste16 years journey for the cargo ship to eleven countries and four continents

25,000 tonnes of flyash came back to Philadelphias garbage dump

Several government refused cargo ships

In 2002, Cargo ship returned back to US

Major Polluting Industries in IndiaAround 2500 tanneries discharge 24 million cu m of waste water containing high level of dissolved solids and 4,00,000 tonnes of hazardous solid waste

300 distilleries discharge 26 million kilo-litres of spend wash per year containing several pollutants

Thermal power plants discharge huge waste materials

Collection & Recycling of Waste Materials

Managing WasteRecycling: Processing of a waste item into usable forms.

Benefits of recycling:-Reduce environmental degradation-Making money out of waste-Save energy that would have gone into waste handling & product manufacture

Saving through recycling:-When Al is resmelted- considerable saving in cost-Making paper from waste saves 50% energy-Every tonne of recycled glass saves energy equivalent to 100 litres of oil

Recycling not a solution to all problems!

Recycling is not a solution to managing every kind of waste material

For many items recycling technologies are unavailable or unsafe

In some cases, cost of recycling is too high.

Solution: More Profit With Zero WasteExchanging output that are considered wasteWaste of one could be input or raw material for othersEvolving a closed system- matter & energy circulate withinSystem was not designed to be so The system of exchange evolved in 10 years

Problems in Dealing With Solid WasteEducation & voluntary compliance

Collection of waste

Technological interventions

Institutions & regulatory framework

Absence of mandatory standards for waste reduction

Market action for waste reduction

Source: The Energy & Resources Institute

TERI Projections on Waste Generation In India

Actions taken by the teamWe, the members of our team have set some great goals for us to address this issue, and to achieve those goals our team has taken some serious steps :-

1.AT THE PERSONAL LEVEL.It is important to start at the personal level first, because for making other people do what we tell them, we need to set an example for them.a).So to reach our objective of managing waste properly it all had to start from our home. We started by the most basic thing, that is dumping our own waste into proper dustbins. Because if we dump our garbage in proper bins it ultimately goes to the right place which is the dumping grounds. So this small step can help us manage the waste not only in our homes but in the community too.

25b).Another thing we did was placing two different bins at our home, one for bio degradable waste and one for non biodegradable waste so if there are special dumping bins for bio degradable and non bio degradable waste, which are usually present in almost every neighborhood now, we can dump our wastes according to their reusability so they can be recycled efficiently.

c).As its summer time, air conditioners will be used in almost every household so we also decided to collect the water released by the ACs,and use it for other purposes such as watering our plants.

2.AT THE COMMUNITY LEVELWe also need to manage waste in our community too.Becuase until and unless the whole community comes together to take action, nothing can happen.a).We all decided to spread awareness amongst people in our community, telling them specially what have we done to our environment and what could be the consequences if we dont take action in the near future. That with the help of mostly posters.b).Another thing which we decided to do was instruct anyone we see disposing waste improperly. We asked that person to dispose off their waste in proper bins.c).Most importantly, we checked the waste disposing facilities present in our respective neighborhoods. Some of us noticed that they were not properly managed. So we decided to get in touch with the authorities ,and it really did work.

27d).To keep the society clean we must start from our homes. So the most major step to be taken to keep the society clean is to keep our homes and the surroundings clean. This is what we brought to the notice of our fellow community members.e).We also got in touch with many NGOs who are working for the cause and got their help too for pressurizing the authorities.d).We also decided to set up a special bin our neighborhoods to dump waste which can be reused directly, such as papers,cardboards,etc.f).Another bin was set up in some of the neighborhoods for dumping books which were in a readable condition.

Specific duties performedThe duties in our group were divided into the members.The following is a list of the dutiesEeshwari,Tanya,& Karandeep-These three were given the responsibility of designing the posters, making them, getting the copies made.Raunaq, Rishab, Aayush-These three collected the information from all group members about the waste disposing facilities present in their respective neighborhoods and getting the work done by contacting the authorities and the NGOs.Another duty which was performed by all group members was sticking posters in their respective neighborhoods, this was a specific duty performed by all of us. Also collecting reusable items from the special bins we set up was performed collectively by all of us

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Reusing pet bottles Reusing old books Reusing plastic as bin liner Kudawala of my locality segregating waste.RISHABS WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES

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Tea leaves used to make compost Separate bins to store wastes.Water harvesting pit in my building initiated by me and my father My store room

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A.C water used for mopping Collection of plastic articles

Measuring success Our team will measure success by just checking around their own societies. ether-

Garbage is being dumped in proper bins by the people of the society.

Garbage is being dumped properly according to their reusability, or recyclability.

Garbage is being picked up the authorities and bins have been cleared regularly.

Other people are taking the initiative themselves by stopping someone doing something wrong, such as dumping biodegradable waste into the bin made for non biodegradable waste and vice versa.

The neighborhood is clean and not a single piece of garbage is found lying here and there.

People are reusing substances according to their reusability.

These were some of the ways our team used to measure how successful we were in our plan, but it will be a great disappointment for us if we not end up successfully.

Quantifying the impactWe combined the information about how much water we all saved and reused it, specially by collecting water from air conditioners,rainwater,etc. and the total water we collected was about 8 litrs. (approx.) .We collected it in buckets and each of us weighed the total water they had saved and we combined it. Each of us used it mostly for watering the plants present in our homes, and mopping the floor.

As mentioned before, we had set up a bin for reusable waste in each of our neighborhoods. After clearing all garbage which was not reusable, the total weight of the reusable content we collected was 1.5 kgs (approx.),which is a quite remarkable figure.

We also collected readable books from our friends and neighbors, and it accounted for almost 14 of these kinds of books. These were exchanged amongst us all and all who helped us as most of those were only read novels.

So this is how we decided to manage waste at our community and personal level and this is how we quantified the impact, as the other steps we took did give us success but they can not be quantified like this.

Feedback on waste management

Negative People were generally found to be oblivious to the hygiene and the effect of dirty surroundings on their health. There was a clear lack of efforts on the individual as well as on community basis to manage the garbage and more dependency was shown on the government machinery to manage waste . For them the cleanliness in the neighbourhood was not the priority . Even the youth were found to be ignorant of the importance of good health . The amount of money paid on the medical subscriptions and the medicines were never thought to be the direct effect of their poor hygiene. Even the awareness campaigns carried out through mass media did not have the desired impact.

Positive The NGOs are doing good community services and are able to fulfill the gap between theGovernment and the people living in such surroundings .Though reluctantly , people have begun to accept the importance and need of clean water, clean open spaces for their kids to play and grow ,which could come through clean surroundings. They have started participating in cleanliness drives carried out from time to time though a much persistent effort is still required . The school going kids have contributed significantly in bringing about a change in the mindset of their parents and people about their living conditions and the need to improve them.

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experience

we realized the contribution that an individual can make towards keeping the environment clean . While visiting markets , we made it a point to carry jute bags to avoid the use of polythenes which are disastrous for the environment .we have started using registers made up of recycled paper for my rough work and notes. We now judiciously segregate the garbage into biodegradable and non-biodegradable and accordingly dispose them into the bins.

The group approached various agencies like MCD and NDMC to learn about the difficulties they face in managing over populated and unauthorized colonies which lack proper sewage and disposal system . We also visited water treatment plants to learn about technologies involved in water treatment . Visits to slums and JJ clusters gave us first hand account of the enormity of the problem and lack of concern of the people about their surroundings in which they live.