Zoology Review
Fisheries & Wildlife
Terms
• Biology – Study of living things
• Botany – Study of plants
• Zoology – Study of animals
• Fauna – the animals that live in an area
• Flora – the plants that live in an area
Classification
• Taxonomy
• This class is focused on the phylum Chordata
• Chordata has a subphylum called vertebrata– Animals with a backbone,
skull, and spinal cord
Vertebrata
• 5 classes of vertebrates:– Fish– Amphibians– Reptiles– Birds– Mammals
Animal Behaviors & Habits
• Behaviors allow animals to live in their habitats– The way they feed– The way they protect themselves– The way they reproduce
• Behaviors may be learned or instinctual• Behaviors allow animals to adapt to changes• Behaviors allow animals to form a niche• A niche is a role that an animal plays in its
habitat
Animal Structure or Anatomy
• The anatomy of an animal enables it to survive in its habitat– The way it moves– The way it eats
• Examples– Wolves have canine and incisor teeth that allow them
to eat meat– Deer have a ruminant digestive tract that allow them
to eat grass and leaves– Ducks have a flat bill that allow them to scoop food
from water
Animal Nutrition & Digestion
• Most animals have a simple stomach– Food is broken down by
enzymes
• Ruminants have a multiple compartment stomach– Bacteria in the rumen ferment
foods high in fiber
• Birds use a crop and a gizzard to break down food before it reaches the stomach
Common Factors
• All animal digestion occurs with nutrients being carried by water– From the digestive tract– Into the blood stream
• In the blood stream nutrients are carried to cells where they are used for:– Energy– Growth– Reproduction