Vector Biology and Behavior – Integrated
Vector Management
Haroldo Bezerra
Advisor Public Health Entomology
PAHO/WHO
Contents
• Vector biology and behavior
• Key elementes of Integrated Vector Management/IVM
• Progress and difficulties in the implementation of IVM
• Challenges
MartiniqueBti, temefos, deltametrina
(Marcobe et al., 2011)
ColombiaDDT, etofenprox, lambdacihalotrina,
permetrina, bendiocarb, temefos y
fenitrotión (Fonseca-Gonzalez et
al., 2011 y Ocampo et al., 2011)
Tinidad y TobagoFentión, malatión y temefos
(Polso et al., 2011)
BrasilTemefos,cipermetrina,
(Melo-Santos et al., 2010; Lima,et al., 2011)
CubaFentión, temefos, clorpirifos, deltametrina,
cipermetrina, lambdacihalotrina
(Rodríguez et al., 2010); Bisset et al.,
2011)
ArgentinaTemefos
(Biber et al., 2006; Llinás et
al., 2010)
PanamáPirimifosmetil y temefos
(Echevers et al., 1975; Bisset et al., 2003; Rodríguez et al., 2007)
República DominicanaDDT, malatión, propoxur, permetrina y
deltametrina (Mekuria et al., 1991)
VenezuelaFentión , malatión, temefos,
pirimfosmetil , clorpirifos , fenitrotión ,
deltametrina, lambdacihalotrina,
betacipermetrina y ciflutrina
(Rodríguez et al., 2007; Pérez et al.,
2009)
Puerto RicoMalatión
(Field et al., 1984
El SalvadorTemefos, malatión, fentión,
pirimifosmetil, fenitrotión clorpirifos,
deltametrina, lambdacihalotrina,
betacipermetrina y ciflutrina
(Rodríguez et al., 2007 y Bisset et al.,
2009)
Nicaraguatemefos, malatión, fentión,
pirimifosmetil, fenitrotión clorpirifos,
deltametrina, lambdacihalotrina,
betacipermetrina y ciflutrina
(Rodríguez et al., 2007)
Costa Ricatemefos, malatión, fentión,
pirimifosmetil, fenitrotión clorpirifos,
deltametrina, lambdacihalotrina,
betacipermetrina y ciflutrina
(Perich et al.,2003; Rodríguez et al.,
2007, Bisset et al., 2012)
Perútemefos, malatión, fentión,
pirimifosmetil, fenitrotión clorpirifos,
deltametrina, lambdacihalotrina,
betacipermetrina y ciflutrina
(Vargas et al., 2006; Rodriguez et al.,
2007)
MexicoOganofosforados, carbamatos y
algunos piretroides
(Flores et al., 2006)
Fuente: Bisset J.A 2013, Bezerra, HSS y Programa Regional de Dengue 2013
12
Integrated Vector Management-IVM
Key elementes of integratedvector management :
Advocacy, social mobilization and legislation.
Colaboration within the health sector and with other sectors.
Integrated approach (non chemicaland chemical).
Evidence- based decision making.
Capacity building.WHO2004
13
Integrated Vector Management-IVM
Key elementes of integratedvector management :
Advocacy, social mobilization and legislation.
Colaboration within the health sector and with other sectors.
Integrated approch (non chemical and chemical).
Evidence- based decision making.
Capacity building.WHO2004
Objective: Aedes aegypti breeding sites controlled and mosquito density reduced
Strengthen the Entomologic surveillance system to guide the anti vectorial actions.
Emphasize the role of families in the elimination of breeding sites and the entomological risks on public health
Improve the quality and effectiveness of the anti vectorial actions
Develop basic operational research focused on generating knowledge to improve the decision making on dengue prevention and control
1999 to 2015: recolectados 3,2
billones de neumáticos (RECICLANIP)
2.7 millones de toneladas de
neumáticos (2013)
Num. de ecopuntos , Brasil, 2004 -2013.
National legislation for the proper disposal of tires in Brazil (policy development and implementation)
17
Integrated Vector Management-IVM
Key elementes of integratedvector management :
Advocacy, social mobilization and legislation.
Colaboration within the health sector and with other sectors.
Integrated approch (non chemical and chemical).
Evidence- based decision making.
Capacity building.
background
WHO2004
19
Integrated Vector Management-IVM
Key elementes of integratedvector management :
Advocacy, social mobilization and legislation.
Colaboration within the health sector and with other sectors.
Integrated approach (non chemicaland chemical).
Evidence- based decision making.
Capacity building.
Dificulties
WHO2004
Quality of vector control equipments and interventions
Dificulties
Vector control with insecticides sometimes is carried out with no order or consideration of the entomological criteria;using inadequate and damaged equipment with no calibration and without evaluation of vector susceptibility
Some health personnel responsible for management and execution of actions are not skilled or trained in correct use of insecticides
Suceptibility to pirethoids in Ae. aegypti, México 2015
a) En mapa, en el cual visualmente (verde= eficacia del 98 al 100%, azul= eficacia del 90 al 97% yrojo=eficacia menor al 90%, lo que se traduce en una manifestación de resistencia a los insecticidas),se pueden apreciar los resultados del estudio.
23
Integrated Vector Management-IVM
Key elementes of integratedvector management :
Advocacy, social mobilization and legislation.
Colaboration within the health sector and with other sectors.
Integrated approach (non chemicaland chemical).
Evidence- based decision making.
Capacity building.
background
WHO2004
*
Entomological surveillanceQuick evaluation of Aedes aegypti (LIRAa)
Dynamics of the 2006/2007 dengue outbreak in Brazil Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz vol.103 no.6 Rio de Janeiro Sept. 2008
24
LIRAa
simplified method of collection of indices for Ae. aegypti based on samples of areas (blocks/ houses)
Experiences: Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile (Parkland island), Panamá, Honduras, Nicaragua and Venezuela*
Concrete actions: Argentina (2009) Bolivia (2009), Brasil(2003-13), Honduras (2010)
170,000 ovitrampas en 32 estados
Vector Surveillance Ovitraps - Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51
Chart Title
Porcentaje de Ovitrampas positivas Promedio de huevecillos por Ovitrampa
26
Manejo Integrado de Vectores – MIV
Key elementes of integratedvector management :
Advocacy, social mobilization and legislation.
Colaboration within the health sector and with other sectors.
Integrated approach (non chemicaland chemical).
Evidence- based decision making.
Capacity building.WHO2004
Implementation of IVM as modelfor control and elimination of
VBDs
Challenge
DENV
CHIKV
Zika
Thank [email protected]