Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process
Sketching in Design:Formalising a transformational process
Sungwoo Lim Strathclyde University, UK
Miquel Prats The Open University, UK
Scott Chase Strathclyde University, UK
Steve Garner The Open University, UK
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational processOutline
1. DSSG project (Design Synthesis and Shape Generation)
2. Formal shape generation: Shape rules
3. Experimental investigation: Sketch observation
4. Classification of shape transformations
5. Future research
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process1. DSSG project
School of Mechanical Engineering
Department of Design and Innovation
Department of Architecture
http://www.engineering.leeds.ac.uk/dssg/
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process
… we anticipate three intertwined cycles
1. DSSG project
The Shape Synthesis
System generating
shapes
The designer designing shapes
Communication between
thetwo
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process
How do designers, across a range of disciplines, generate shapes?
What similarities and differences in approach can be observed?
In shape grammar-based systems, can computer vision techniques be used to resolve the sub-shape detection problem?
How might the ability to compute shapes enhance the act of designing itself?
Aims and objectives of the DSSG project
1. DSSG project
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process
How do designers, across a range of disciplines, generate shapes?
What similarities and differences in approach can be observed?
Aims and objectives of the DSSG project
1. DSSG project
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process
… we anticipate three intertwined cycles
2. Formal shape generation
The designer designing shapes
Communication between
thetwo The Shape
Synthesis System
generating shapes
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process
Different interpretations of a shape:
Shape rule example and its application:
2. Formal shape generation
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process
Shape rules:
Generate shapes within design networks:
2. Formal shape generation
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process
Example of application of shape rules: The Villas of Andrea Palladio
2. Formal shape generation
Examples of shape rules Examples of designs generated by the shape rules
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process
… we anticipate three intertwined cycles
3. Experimental investigation
Communication between
thetwo The Shape
Synthesis System
generating shapes
The designer designing shapes
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process
8 industrial designers and 6 architects took part in this study Participants undertook three tasks
Learn about segmentation
Task 13 minutes each
Task 2
Learn about (re)interpretation
Industrial designers: Lemon squeezer
Architects: Building
10 minutes
Task 3
Industrial designers: Kettle
Architects: Building
Learn about design networks
14 minutes
3. Experimental investigation
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process
The actions of the participants were video recorded and their pen strokes were captured using a tablet input device
At the end of the tasks participants were asked
to elaborate on the interpretations and
manipulations of their sketches
3. Experimental investigation
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process
Interpreted as a component of the lemon squeezer
4 participants
Interpreted as side view
5 participants
Interpreted as top view
5 participants
5 out of 8 participants had more than one interpretation of the initial design during the design process
Initial design
3. Experimental investigation
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process4. Classification of shape rules
participant 1
participant 2
participant 3
participant 4
participant 5
Capture shape transformations via shape rules
…
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process4. Classification of shape rules
participant 1
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process4. Classification of shape rules
Classification of general shape rules
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process4. Classification of shape rules
Frequency of use of general shape rules
Capture shape transform-ations in sketches via general shape rules
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process5. Future research
Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process5. Future research
Examples of designs generated via application of three shape rules