Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Principles and Areas of
Human Development
Instructional Practices in
Education and Training
The study of the development of children involves several principles. Principles are like facts. They are always the same and they apply to everyone. Today we will be looking at principles and areas of human development. In this lesson we will be looking at five (5) principles and four (4) areas of development.
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Copyright
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. These Materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of the Texas Education Agency (TEA) and may not be reproduced without the express written permission of TEA, except under the following conditions:
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Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Principles of Human
Development
3Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
What do you already know about Human Development? What other courses have you taken that have covered this topic?
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Slide 4
Development
is similar
for everyone
4Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
Development is similar for everyone. An example of this principle can be observed as babies develop physically. Babies learn to hold up their heads before they learn to sit up. This is the same or similar children everywhere in the world.
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Slide 5
Development
builds on
earlier learning
5Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
Development builds in stages based on earlier learning and follows a step by step pattern. Children first learn to roll over and sit up. Then they learn to crawl and explore the world around them. As they become stronger and more secure in this step, they develop balance and stand alone. Soon they will develop the core strength and balance to walk and run and jump and play. The sequence is the same as long as there are no physical limitations.
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Cephalocaudal-
From head to foot
Proximodistal-
From near to far
6Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
These are two “big words” that were actually created from shorter words in the Latin language. Cephalocaudal (ceph·a·lo·cau·dal. adj \ˌsef-ə-lō-ˈkȯd-əl\) directly translated means head to tail. Development progresses from top to bottom. The brain is developing faster than the feet. Proximodistal comes from words that mean near and far. Development also moves from the trunk or center of the body to the outer areas. For example, the heart and other organs in the center of the body are developing before the hands and fingers. (Teacher) Practice saying these words with me: cephalocaudal (ceph·a·lo·cau·dal. adj \ˌsef-ə-lō-ˈkȯd-əl\) and proximodistal. http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=proximodistal http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=cephalocaudal&submit=Submit
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Slide 7
The different areas
of development are
interrelated
7
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
When you learn about the areas of development, it is easier to think about them one at a time. But, as children develop, the areas overlap and work together. They are interrelated. They are developing in several areas at the same time. One day is not only physical development and another day only intellectual. They are constantly developing in the four areas. Check for understanding: What are the four areas of development? Physical Intellectual Emotional Social For example, as children learn to speak, they first must have the physical coordination of their tongue and teeth to produce a sound. They also must have the intellectual development to think of a word, and the social motivation to want to speak to someone. The areas work together.
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Slide 8
Development
proceeds at
an individual rate
8Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
Development is similar for everyone, and follows a sequence, but each child has his/her own rate or pace. If we knew when you started to walk, it would probably be a different time for each of you. Some children walk before they are one-year-old, others may be several weeks or months older. It is the same with other areas of development. There are no right or wrong rates; although if an area seems considerably delayed, the parent may want to consult the child’s physician.
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Slide 9
Development is
continuous
throughout life
9Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
Development never stops. It is continuous throughout our lives. There are periods when it is very fast and other times it is slower. A baby develops very quickly during the first year of life. Perhaps, more then during any other time. They learn to move about, feed themselves, talk, attach to people and start the foundation for the rest of their lives. On the other end of the lifeline, older people may have to learn to use walkers to move around and adapt their lifestyle to accommodate changes they are experiencing as they grow older.
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Slide 10
“Seek the wisdom
of the ages
but look at the world
through the eyes
of a child.”
Ron Wild10
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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With a partner:
1. Write down one principle of
development
2. Draw a visual representation of the
1. principle
3. List five (5) examples/situations that
represent the principle
11Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Areas of
Human Development
P-I-E-S
Areas = Aspects, Domains12
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
P – I – E – S is an easy way to remember the four area of human development. Physical Intellectual Emotional Social
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Physical Development
13Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
Physical development involves the changes in size, shape, and physical maturity of the body, including physical abilities and coordination. Discuss and provide examples.
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Slide 14
Intellectual Development
Also known as Cognitive
Development
14
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
Intellectual development involves the learning and use of language; the ability to reason, problem-solve, and organize ideas; it is related to the physical growth of the brain. Discuss and provide examples.
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Slide 15
Emotional Development
15
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
Emotional development involves feelings and emotional responses to events; changes in understanding one's own feelings and appropriate forms of expressing them. Discuss and provide examples.
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Social Development
Emotional and Social Development
are often grouped together and
referred to as Social-Emotional
Development
16Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
Social development involves the process of gaining the knowledge and skills needed to interact successfully with others. Discuss and provide examples.
Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Questions?
17Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Presentation Notes for Principles and Areas of Human Development
Principles and Areas of Human Development Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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Resources and References
• Bredekamp, Sue. Effective Practices in Early Childhood
Education. Pearson, 2011.
Herr, Judy. Working With Young Children. Goodheart-Wilcox.
1998.
• National Association for the Education of Young Children
(NAEYC). Site provides brief summary of developmental
practice designed by NAEYC.
http://oldweb.naeyc.org/ece/1998/05.asp
• Texas Education Agency
website for Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS)
http://www.tea.state.tx.us/index2.aspx?id=6148
18Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.
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