Next Generation PoE Standards and Digital Building Overview
Steve Kwasiborski
Product Manager
June 2017
Digital Building Topics for Discussion
• What is it?
• Why implement it?
• When can we expect it?
• How does it look?
Digital Building
Network Infrastructure Cisco Switches• CoAP, PoE, PoE+, UPOE
• Security with ISE
• Converge disparate networks (HVAC,
metering, lighting) into one IP network
Digital
Ceiling
Network Infrastructure
Applications
Control
Systems
Intelligent Driver
Sensors
Energy Management
Lighting Control
API
Building
Management
Smart Spaces
API
Wi-Fi
Access
Point
Sensors
(Light, Motion,
CO2, BTLE)
Lighting Building
Automation
HVAC IP Video
Surveillance
Camera
LED fixtures/Components
Digital Building Topics for Discussion
• What is it?
• Why implement it?
• When can we expect it?
• How does it look?
Companies Demand More From Their Workplace
▪ Personalized▪ Adaptive ▪ Smart
▪ Lower energy costs▪ Improve productivity▪ Optimize office space utilization
Intelligent Lighting Transforms the Enterprise
Sensor network and operating system enables ▪ Application platforms ▪ Enhanced lighting▪ More intelligent network
Sensor network and operating system enables ▪ Improved productivity▪ Superior occupancy rates▪ Application platforms
Lights intuitively adaptable to learning conditions
Utilize high levels of cool light to energize in the morning
Utilize lower levels of warm light to calm
Intelligent Lighting Can Help Students Learn
Adjustable color temperature and exceptional color quality improve well being
Apps may automatically flash lights to reduce noise in corridors
Probable increase in HCAHPS scores
Can Help Improve Patient Experience and Increase Hospital Revenue
Occupancy may be integrated with security apps to detect abnormal activity and notify security electronically or with light
Intelligent Light Can Help Keep Buildings Secure
Waterpark Place III
Business outcomes
• Lowered CapEx (~10%) and OpEx (~$600k) converging five networks into one (HVAC, metering, lighting, CCTV, access)
• Energy cost savings with LED instead of fluorescent lights
• Anticipated Toronto’s first enterprise LEED platinum certification
The possibilities of this connected lighting system are endless. There are so many capabilities of this system that we haven’t even explored yet.”
Richard Lees, Senior Project Manager at CBRE Limited, a commercial real estate and Investment services firm
Benefits of Digital Building
• Future Proof
• More efficient use of resources
• Improve employee or customer engagement and satisfaction
• Converged building infrastructure
– Connect everything over Ethernet network
– Easy to move lights and other endpoints
– Software driven changes
• Analytics improve business
Digital Building Topics for Discussion
• What is it?
• Why implement it?
• When can we expect it?
• How does it look?
Current State of Digital Building
• Infant stage – few actual use cases
• ROI is difficult to measure
– Lower labor rates for LV electricians
– Cost/port estimated to be $100
– Most savings realized on transfer to LED
• Hardware, sensors and software are available today
• Cisco driving. Siemens and Johnson Controls are resisting.
Digital Building Topics for Discussion
• What is it?
• Why implement it?
• When can we expect it?
• How does it look?
PoE Lighting Topology – Home Run
PoE+ light
fixtures and
light switches
Patch panels for PoE
Switches used for
any converged
network device
Light
Dimmer
PoE Lighting Topology – Passive Zone
PoE+ light
fixtures and
light switches
New patch panels for
PoE lighting use
Passive zone box for
patching (in ceiling)
New switches
• Can be used for any
converged network device
PoE Lighting Topology – Active Zone
PoE+ light
fixtures and
light switches
Patch panels for Data
Active zone box for
patching (in ceiling)
Data Switches
CPP24FMWBLY
Light
Dimmer
120V
Power over Ethernet is a HOT topic!
• New power levels dramatically increasing PoE device types
• New standards for equipment and cabling
• New code developed by NFPA for 2017 NEC®
• New UL listing for PoE cables
Introduction
Topics for Discussion
• Review the new PoE standard
• Discuss impact of PoE on cabling performance
• Discuss impact of NFPA codes on cabling
PoE Standards Summary
Type StandardsMaximum
Current
Number of Energized
Pairs
Power at Source
Power at Device
Maximum Data Rate
Standard Ratified
PoE IEEE 802.3af (802.3at Type 1) 350 mA 2 15.4 W 13 W 1000BASE-T 2003
PoE+ IEEE 802.3at Type 2 600 mA 2 30 W 25.5 W 1000BASE-T 2009
PoE++
(4PPoE)
Proposed IEEE 802.3bt Type 3
Proposed IEEE 802.3bt Type 4
600 mA
960 mA4
60 W
99 W
51 W
71 W10GBASE-T
Expected 1Q2018
No IEEE standard
Cisco UPOE
HDBaseT (www.hdbaset.org)
600 mA
1000 mA4
60 W
100 W
51 W
100 WVaries
Exists today – no official ratification
Topics for Discussion
• Review the new PoE standard
• Discuss impact of PoE on cabling performance
• Discuss impact of NFPA codes on cabling
TSB-184-A Overview
• Revision of old document to support higher power and current levels
• Tested multiple cable bundle sizes
• Measured temperature rise in center of bundle
• Limit temperature rise to less than 15oC above ambient
• Temperature rise can:
– Cause signal degradation (e.g., attenuation)
– Cause long-term damage if temperature exceeds cable rating
Actual Results from TSB-184-A Testing
• 100-cable bundles
• Cat 6 and 6A, 28, 26, and 23 AWG performance with PoE
• Implications:– All AWGs work, have different bundle size limits
– All AWGs will have different temp rises for different bundles sizes
– Cat 6A has best performance
30W 60W 100W
Effect of Heat on Channel Length
Temperature(oC, (oF))
Maximum* horizontal length, unscreened (m)
Maximum* horizontal length, screened (m)
20 (68) 90.0 90.0
25 (77) 89.0 89.5
30 (86) 87.0 88.5
35 (95) 85.5 87.7
40 (104) 84.0 87.0
45 (113) 81.7 86.5
50 (122) 79.5 85.5
55 (131) 77.2 84.7
60 (140) 75.0 83.0
* Assumes 10 meters of patch at 20 degrees CFrom ANSI/TIA-568-C.2, Table G.2
▪ Additional insertion loss at higher
temperature de-rates maximum
channel lengths
▪ Conservative values
▪ Use vendor headroom
warranties to estimate
performance
▪ Consult cable vendor for specific
performance
What is the Impact to You?
• Heat of cable governed by:– Ambient temperature
– Type of PoE used
– Category cable type (and its implementation)
– Bundle size
• Insertion Loss affected by Heat
• Therefore, can a relationship be established between bundle size and channel length?– For a given ambient temperature, and assuming 4PPoE type 4?
Putting it all Together
▪ Use the channel table to compute effect
of temperature rise to channel length
▪ Model shows 7.8oC improvement with
Cat 6A over Cat 5e
– Cat 5e exceeds 15oC limit
– 7.8oC translates to a loss of ~3 meters
▪ Measured shows 13.4oC improvement
with Cat 6A over Cat 5e
– 13.4oC translates to a loss of ~5 meters
▪ Recommendation: INSTALL CAT 6A!
5m loss!
Cat 6A is more efficient
• Cat 5e = more heat = more power lost
• Cat 6A is more efficient– Larger wires, less heat, more power transferred
• How efficient?
Cable Type Power Lost
Category 5e 24.4 W
Category 6A 20.1W
Category 6A is 4.3 W more
efficient per link!
Topics for Discussion
• Review the new PoE standard
• Discuss impact of PoE on cabling performance
• Discuss impact of NFPA codes on cabling
Impact of 2017 NEC® Code• Generally does not apply for power supplied over a
communications cable when power levels are 60 watts or less
– Applicable for PoE++, Type 4
– Not applicable for PoE++, Type 3 and lower
– 60 W covers vast majority of installations
• Recognizes a new UL listing for Limited Power (LP) cables
– LP listed cables are NOT required to run PoE
– If you do not have LP listing, you have to watch bundle sizes per ampacity table
• Uncertainty on how inspection will work
– Likely will vary by state and local interpretations
– Speculation: Inspections may occur by application type
When will the 2017 NEC® Apply to Me?
▪ Depends on state
▪ Some states do not
have statewide
adoption
▪ Some states 1 or 2
versions behind
▪ Code is always open to
interpretation at a
local/state level!
If the NEC® 2017 Requirements Apply
You are running IEEE802.3bt Type 4 PoE++
Either:
• Use a LP listed cable rated to at least 0.5A
OR
• Refer to ampacity table 725.144 for bundle size. Bundle size depends on:– Cable Temperature Rating
– Wire Gauge
– Ambient temperature
Ampacity Table
For common 23AWG cables:
• Maximum bundle size for a 60oC rated cable running 802.3bt Type 4 is 91 cables
• Maximum bundle size for a 75oC or 90oC cable running 802.3bt Type 4 is 192 cables