Agenda
1. The Sceptre project
2. Brassica crops – Diseases, Pests
3. Allium crops – Diseases, Pests
4. Other crops – Pests
5. Weed control
6. Summary
1. Sceptre – filling crop protection gaps for
edible crops (CP 77)
• Many actives lost or under threat with new legislation
(PPPR, SUD, WFD)
• Identifying effective and crop-safe actives
• Develop sustainable IPM systems
Summary of products tested on years 1 to 3
Novel products used all 3 years
BiologicalTotal
bioChemical
TOTAL
products
micro-org botanical salt/other
Crop Group Totals
total unique products for FV 22 10 7 39 45 84
total unique products for PE 23 8 2 33 35 68
total unique products for SF 10 9 4 23 30 53
total unique products for TF 11 2 6 19 16 35
Pesticidal
Category
Totals
total unique products - herbicides 0 3 2 5 15 20
total unique products - fungicides 25 6 11 42 50 92
total unique products - insecticides 11 6 0 17 22 39
36 15 13 64 87 151
Overview of FV work in Sceptre
Year Area Brassica Allium Other
2011 D Alternaria,
Downy mildew
- -
P Aphid, Caterpillar,
CRF
Thrips Aphid (lettuce and
carrot)
W - - Annual weeds,
Residues
2012 D Alternaria, Powdery
mildew, Ring spot
Rust -
P CRF, IPM Thrips Aphid (lettuce)
W Band spray Band spray Annual weeds,
Electrical
2013 D Powdery mildew
Ring spot
Rust
Downy mildew
-
P IPM Thrips IPM (lettuce)
W Band spray Band spray Annual weeds,
Electrical
Project delivery – Field vegetables
Delivery
• Diseases – Peter Gladders, ADAS
• Pests – Rosemary Collier, Warwick University
• Weeds – Andy Richardson, Cathy Knott, ABC and Lynn Tatnell, ADAS
Consultants
• Pesticides – Vivian Powell and Bolette Palle Neve, HDC
• Biopesticides – Roma Gwynn, Rationale
Communication
• Sector liaison – John Sedgwick, Agrimarc; Cheryl Brewster, HDC
• KT – Rosie Atwood, HDC
2. Brassica crops - Diseases
Dark leaf spot (Alternaria brassicicola)
• Chinese cabbage
• Fungicide screening trial
• 4 replicates
• Products – Nativo 75WG, Signum
and Folio Gold
• 6 coded products
• 1 salt
• Biological screening trials
• 6 replicates
• 8 biologicals
Dark leaf spot - fungicides
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
KHCO3 SF2011
- 04103
Unt SF2011
04104
Folio
Gold
SF2011
0410
SF2011
0428
SF2011
0425
SF2011
0424
Rudis Signum Nativo
% p
lan
ts a
ffe
cte
d (
14
DA
I)
*** *
*
*Significantly different from untreated
*
*
Dark leaf spot - biofungicides
• SF2011-0447, SF2011-0406, SF2011-0443 and SF2011-
0440 reduced disease incidence by around 50% at 7 days
after inoculation
• Only the fungicide standard (Rudis) gave control at 14
days after inoculation
Powdery mildew (Erysiphe cruciferarum)
• Trial on swede
• Fungicides & IPM programme trial
– 4 replicates
– Commercial standards (Rudis
& Nativo 75 WG)
– 10 treatments (7 products, 2
progs, 1 mix)
– Applied at 400 L/ha
– Some phytotoxicity was
observed
– Severe mildew
Treatments
Treatment
number
Timing 1
Day -7
Timing 2
Day 0
Timing 3
Day +7
Timing 4
Day +14Timing 5 Day +21
1 - Untreated - Untreated -
2 (standard) - Rudis - Rudis -
3 (standard) - Nativo 75WG - Nativo 75WG -
4 - SF2013-SWE-24 - SF2013-SWE-24 -
5 - SF2013-SWE-28 - SF2013-SWE-28 -
6 - SF2013-SWE-89 - SF2013-SWE-89 -
7 - SF2013-SWE-88 - SF2013-SWE-88 -
8 - SF2013-SWE-10 - SF2013-SWE-10 -
9 Untreated Untreated Untreated Untreated Untreated
10 SF2013-SWE-90 SF2013-SWE-90 SF2013-SWE-90 SF2013-SWE-90 SF2013-SWE-90
11SF2013-SWE-90
+ SF2013-40
SF2013-SWE-90 +
SF2013-40
SF2013-SWE-90 +
SF2013-40
SF2013-SWE-90 +
SF2013-40
SF2013-SWE-90 +
SF2013-40
12SF2013-SWE-11 +
adjuvant
SF2013-SWE-11 +
adjuvant
SF2013-SWE-11 +
adjuvant
SF2013-SWE-11 +
adjuvant
SF2013-SWE-11 +
adjuvant
13 SF2013-SWE-90 SF2013-SWE-90 SF2013-SWE-90 Rudis Rudis
14 - Rudis SF2013-SWE-90 SF2013-SWE-90 SF2013-SWE-90
Treatment timing refers to days pre or post inoculation
Powdery mildew severity after 49 days
% leaf area (after 49 days)
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
Unt
reat
ed
SWE
-90
SWE
-11
+ ad
juva
nt
SW
E-9
0 +
SW
E-4
0R
udis
/ SW
E-9
0
SWE
-88
SWE
-10
Nat
ivo
WG
SWE
-28
SWE
-89
Rud
is
SWE
-24
SW
E-90
/ Rud
is
*Significantly different from untreated
** *
****
*
*
Ring spot (Mycosphaerella brassicicola)
• Trial on pointed cabbage
• Fungicide & IPM programmes trial
– 4 replicates
– Commercial standard programme using Rudis & Amistar
– 10 programmes applied using 11 products
– Applied at 400 L/ha to 5 m plots
– Both conventional fungicides and biofungicides are being applied
Treatment programmes
TrtTiming 1
27 Aug
Timing 2
3 Sep
Timing 3
12 Sep
Timing 4
24 Sep
Timing 5
9 Oct
Timing 6
18 Oct
1 Untreated Untreated Untreated Untreated Untreated Untreated
2 - Amistar - Rudis - Amistar
3 - Signum - Rudis - Signum
4 - Nativo 75WG - Rudis - Nativo 75WG
5 - SF2013-BRA-10 - SF2013-BRA-10 - SF2013-BRA-10
6 - SF2013-BRA-24 - SF2013-BRA-24 - SF2013-BRA-24
7 - SF2013-BRA-25a - SF2013-BRA-25a - SF2013-BRA-25a
8SF2013-BRA-105 +
Amistar-
SF2013-BRA-105
+ Rudis-
SF2013-BRA-105
+ Amistar
9 2013-BRA-90 2013-BRA-90 2013-BRA-90 2013-BRA-90 2013-BRA-90 2013-BRA-90
10 Serenade Serenade Serenade Serenade Serenade Serenade
Brassica – Control of leaf diseases
Treatment % leaf area affected (21 Nov) Yield
(Kg / plot)Ring spot DM Alternaria
1. Untreated 3.0 5.0 0.6 7.9
Fungicides (3 sprays)
2. Amistar / Rudis 0.2 5.0 0 7.6
3. Signum / Rudis 0.2 5.0 0.1 7.9
4. Nativo / Rudis 0.2 6.3 0 9.9
5. BRA 10 0.2 4.5 0.1 8.9
6. BRA 24 0.1 1.8 0 9.2
7. BRA 25a 0.2 5.3 0 9.5
Biofungicides (5 sprays)
8. Serenade ASO 2.6 5.6 0.6 7.6
9. BRA 90 1.4 2.3 0.5 8.9
10. Amistar + BRA 105 0.1 6.0 0 8.9
Brassica crops - Pests Control of cabbage root fly, aphids and caterpillars -
IPM
• Planted 13 May
• Cabbage root fly treatments applied as drench pre-
planting
• Plants in bio-insecticide trial treated with Dursban
to protect against cabbage root fly attack
• Root damage assessed 4 weeks after planting
• Spraying started when pest numbers had built up
• Conventional aphid and caterpillar insecticides
applied once
• Bio-insecticides for aphid and caterpillar applied 3
times at weekly intervals
• Spraying started 26 July (aphid treatments) and 1
August (caterpillar treatments)
• Numbers of aphids and caterpillars counted after
spraying
Aphid Control
Conventional insecticides
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Untreated Movento Movento (+
SI2013-BRU-142)
SI2013-BRU-60 SI2013-BRU-59 SI2013-BRU-50
(pre-planting)N
um
ber
of
live
ap
hid
s/p
lan
t
Bio-insecticides
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Untreated SI2013-BRU-01 SI2013-BRU-92 SI2013-BRU-62 SI2013-BRU-130
Nu
mb
er
of
lilv
e a
ph
ids
/pla
nt
Caterpillar Control
Conventional insecticides
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Untreated Steward Tracer (Pre-
planting)
SI2013-BRU-48 SI2013-BRU-143 SI2013-BRU-50
(Pre-planting)P
erc
en
t p
lan
ts w
ith
ca
terp
illa
rs
Bio-insecticides
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Untreated SI2013-BRU-64 SI2013-BRU-68 SI2013-BRU-94 SI2013-BRU-130
Perc
en
t p
lan
ts w
ith
ca
terp
illa
rs
3. Allium crops - Diseases
Spring onion downy mildew (Peronospora destructor)
• Fungicide & biofungicide programmes
– 4 replicates
– Spring onion standard programme: Olympus, Invader, Amistar & Signum
– Bulb onion standard: Valbon, Olympus and Dithane NT
– 15 programmes using 18 products
– 4 sprays fungicides, 6 sprays biofungicides
– Plot size 8m x 1.5 m
Comparison of treatments
Good control with bulb onion
standard programme
Downy mildew in test
product plot
Detail of the effective reference programmes
Products Active Ingredients
Spring Onion
Invader +
Amistar
Dimethomorph + mancozeb
azoxystrobin
Valbon +
Olympus
Benthiavalicarb – isopropyl + mancozeb
azoxystrobin + chlorothalonil
Invader +
Signum
Dimethomorph + mancozeb
boscalid + pyraclostrobin
Bulb Onion
Valbon +
Olympus
Benthiavalicarb – isopropyl + mancozeb
azoxystrobin + chlorothalonil
Unicur +
Dithane
Prothioconazole + fluoxastrobin
mancozeb
Valbon +
Dithane
Benthiavalicarb – isopropyl + mancozeb
mancozeb
Allium crops - Pests
Control of thrips (Thrips tabaci) on leeks
• Planted 22 May
• Little damage observed in early
part of season
• Sprays started 14 August as thrips
increased
• 4 sprays of conventional
insecticides applied at 14d
intervals (Trial 1)
• 4 sprays of bio-insecticides
applied at 7d intervals (Trial 2)
• Thrips damage assessed at end of
spray programmes
4. Other crops - pests
Carrot: Control of willow-carrot aphid
• 6 conventional insecticides and 2 bio-insecticides
• Aphid activity monitored at regular intervals. First treatments applied when aphids present
• 1 spray of insecticide and 3 of bio-insecticides
• Reference product: Biscaya
• Aphids counted at 9 and 16 days after first spray
Results – willow-carrot aphid
Bio-insecticides marked *
*
*
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Nu
mb
er
of
ap
hid
s/m
ro
w
9 days post spray
16 days post spray
*
*
Lettuce: Control of aphids and caterpillars
• 3 trials planted: 25 June, 6 Aug and 23 Sep
• Plants infested with currant lettuce aphid pre-
planting, covered with fleece post-planting to
exclude predators
• Colonies generally small in numbers and
occasionally patchy
• Insecticides applied once and bio-insecticides
applied twice (7d interval)
• Colony of silver-Y established in laboratory
• Potted plants infested with caterpillars and
sprayed with test chemicals
• Plants re-infested 1 week after spraying
Control of currant–lettuce aphid
Conventional insecticides
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Untr
eated
Move
nto
SI201
3-LET
-50
SI201
3-LET
-59
SI201
3-LET
-60
Nu
mb
er
of
N.
Rib
isn
igri
/p
lan
t
trial 1
trial 2
trial 3
Bio-insecticides
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Untr
eated
SI201
3-LET
-62
SI201
3-LET
-130
SI201
3-LET
-51
SI201
3-LET
-92N
um
be
r o
f N
. ri
bis
nig
ri/
pla
nt
trial 1
trial 2
trial 3
Control of Silver-Y caterpillar
Conventional insecticides
0
1
2
3
4
Untr
eated
SI201
3-LET
-50
SI201
3-LET
-48
SI201
3-LET
-140N
um
be
r o
f ca
terp
illa
rs/p
lant
First treatment
1 week after spraying
Conventional insecticides
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Untreated SI2013-LET-50 SI2013-LET-48 SI2013-LET-140
Fe
ed
ing h
ole
s/p
lan
t
5. Weed control
Herbicides for crop safety and weed control
• 15 crops
• Pre-emergence and post transplant
• Herbicides tested at 3 doses
New herbicides for weed control: 2010 - 2013
Product Safe to crop Key weeds controlled
Car Cau Cel Lee Let Oni AMG Fat
Hen
Gro Kno
Gra
May
Wee
Sma
net
She
Pur
76* ���� - ���� ���� - ���� - - ���� - - ���� -
105 ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� - - ���� ���� ����
123 - - - - ���� - - - - ���� - - -
164 ���� - - ���� - ���� - ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� -
165 - - - ���� - ���� ���� ���� ���� - ���� ���� -
166* ���� - ���� ���� - ���� - - - ���� - ���� ����
Trials at Elsoms. See HDC reports for full details and other crops tested.
* Suppresses volunteer potatoes
Band spray herbicides for annual weed control
in brassicas, leeks and onions
In row treatment Inter row treatment
Results – Leeks at Besthorpe
0
20
40
60
80
100
Herbicide treatment
% w
eed
co
ntr
ol
co
mp
are
d t
o
UT
C
Wing-P @ 2.0 l/ha
Wing-P @ 4.0 l/ha
Wing-P @ 4.0 l/ha + Defy @4.0 l/ha
Wing-P @2.0 l/ha (in row) +Wing-P + Defy (inter)
Wing-P @2.0 l/ha (in row) +Stomp aqua + Defy (inter)
No crop phytotox, more weeds in between rows (T5 + T6)
56 DAT- UTC 90-100% weeds
Redshank, mayweed, b.bindweed, groundsel, sowthistle
* Significantly different from Wing-P at 2.0 L / ha
*
*
*
*
Herbicide and electrical weeding treatments on
cauliflowers
Butisan S @ 1.5 L/ha + Gamit @ 0.25 L/ha
Butisan S @ 1.5 L/ha + Gamit @ 0.25 L/ha + electrical
Butisan S @ 1.5 L/ha + Gamit @ 0.25 L/ha +
mechanical
Electrical weeding alone
Mechanical weeding alone
Similar trial on leeks at 2 sites
ResultsCauliflowers: Mechanical and electrical treatments
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Treatments
% w
ee
d c
on
tro
l
Butisan @ 1.5 l/ha +Gamit @ 0.25 l/ha
Butisan @ 1.5 l/ha +Gamit @ 0.25 l/ha +Electrical
Butisan @ 1.5 l/ha +Gamit @ 0.25 l/ha +mechanical
Electrical alone
Mechanical alone
19 DAT (after electrical + mechanical treatment)
No phytotoxicity
Knotgrass, redshank, fathen, groundsel, f. speedwell
* Significantly different from herbicide alone
* *
6. Summary of progress (potential new
products) - Diseases
Crop Target Reference Fungicides Biofungicides
Brassica Alternaria Rudis Sig 24 28 06 43 47
Downy mildew Folio Gold 24 26 83 47 - -
Powdery mildew Rudis 24 28 89 11 90 -
Ring spot Signum 10 24 29 38 43 90
Leek Rust Amistar Top Sig 10 31 Ser 105 -
Onion Downy mildew Mixtures 20 24 - - - -
Summary of progress (potential new products)
– Pests
Crop Target pest Reference Insecticides Bioinsecticides
Brassica Aphid Movento 54 59 60 62 92 130
Caterpillar Steward 48 143 - 64 68 130
CRF Tracer 50 55 - - - -
Carrot Aphid Biscaya 50 54 60 - - -
Lettuce Aphid Movento 54 59 - - - -
Caterpillar Tracer 48 50 140 68 94 130
Leek Thrips Tracer 48 50 142 62 130 -
Sceptre – Further information
• Website
• HDC News
• HortWeek
• Events
• Open Days
• Conferences
Contacts
Tim O’Neill: Project coordinator
Bolette Palle-Neve: Project secretary
John Sedgwick: Industry liaison – field vegetables
http://sceptre.hdc.org.uk