Modal Willand Shall
modal will
I’ll help you.
‘will’ expresseswillingness
‘will’ expressesvolontà
there is no equivalent verbin Italian
BUT there is the same idea
io ci pensoci penso io
io ci pensoci penso io
what’s the difference?
io ci pensoci penso io
fact
io ci pensoci penso io
offer to help
io ci pensoci penso io
modal idea!
io ci pensoci penso io
io ci pensoci penso io
will
A: “I’m hungry.”B:
A: “I’m hungry.”B: “I’ll make you a sandwich.”
A: “Can I have the wine-list.”B:
A: “Can I have the wine-list.”B: “I’ll bring it for you.”
A: “I’ve lost your phone number.”B:
A: “I’ve lost your phone number.”B: “I’ll give it to you again.”
A: “Dring-dring, dring-dring.”B:
A: “Dring-dring, dring-dring.”B: “I’ll answer it.”
A: “Dring-dring, dring-dring.”B: “I’ll answer it.”
“Rispondo io.”
A: “Dring-dring, dring-dring.”B: “I’ll answer it.”
present
A: “Dring-dring, dring-dring.”B: “I’ll answer it.”
modal
compare
I answer the phone
I answer the phonewhen my boss is out.
I answer the phonewhen my boss is out.
Present Simple
I answer the phonewhen my boss is out.
habit
I answer the phonewhen my boss is out.
this is what I do every time
but
I’ll answer the phone
I’ll answer the phone(it’s ringing now)
I’ll answer the phone(it’s ringing now)
PresentModal
I’ll answer the phone(it’s ringing now)
I offer to answer
I’ll answer the phone(it’s ringing now)
this time(now)
!
I answer the phone(it’s ringing now)
the Present Simple is an
error
other meanings of‘modal will’
Ask Sarah, she’ll help you.
Ask Sarah, she’ll help you.
imperative
Ask Sarah, she’ll help you.
explanation
it’s like a 1st conditional
Ask Sarah, she’ll help you.=
If you ask
Anna’ll be at home nowso we can visit her.
supposition
I’ll buy you a bicyclefor your birthday.
I’ll buy you a bicyclefor your birthday.
promising
modal shall
Shall I carry your bags?
‘shall’ is a modal verbthat asks about the desires or
wishes of another person
‘modal shall’ is used in questions in the 1st person
singular and plural
‘modal shall’ is used in questions in the 1st person
singular and plural
Shall I …?Shall we …?
Shall I carry your bags?
Do you want me to carry…
Shall we go to the cinema?
Shall we go to the cinema?
proposal for the group
compare
Let’s go to the cinema!
Let’s go to the cinema!
imperative for the group
What film shall we see?
What film shall we see?
request for proposal
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