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Trends for the sector within the sustainability framework
• Implementing and maintaining ethical businesspracticesandsoundcorporategovernancesystems;
• Contributing to the conservation of biodiversity andintegratedapproachestolanduseplanning;
• Supporting and encouraging the development, use,reuse, recycling, and disposal of our products in aresponsiblemanner;
• Contributing to the social, economic and institutionaldevelopmentofthosecommunitiesthatliveintheareaswhereminingoperationsarecarriedout;
• Establishing effective and transparent agreementswiththestakeholdersforcommitment,disclosureandindependentverificationofinformation.
• Pursuingongoingimprovementofitshealthandsafetyandenvironmentalperformance.
Opportunities available to the mining sector related to Green economy
• Metals and minerals have proven ability to becontinually recycled, alleviating the pressure on theuseofprimaryresources;
• Technological innovations that promote energyefficiencyareonlypossiblethankstotheuseofmetals.
• Itisessentialforthedevelopmentof‘hightech’greentechnologies,suchasthoseinelectricvehicles,hybridbatteries;
Industry MeetIng for sustaInabIlIty
MInIng & green eConoMy
• The alternative use of minerals in innovativetechnologiescontributestoboostefficiencyandlowerenergyconsumption;
• Therapidgrowthofthesectorinabsolutetermshascontributed to developing the economy and reducepovertyinthecountry;
• Mining industry acts both as a foundation and as acatalystforlocaleconomicandsocialdevelopment;
• Thedevelopmentofaminingprojectinamunicipalityincreasesthelifequalityofthepopulationand,duetoits long termprofile, itgeneratesaseriesofpositiveimpactsforthelocalandregionaleconomy;
• Theimpactsgeneratedbymininghasdirect,indirectand inducedeffects on the supply chain towhich itbelongs;
• The entrepreneurial action of the local community,businesspeople and leaders is determinant of theextent of the positive impact of investments arisingfrommining.
Photo:Dario
Zalis
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Economic and Socio-environmental Profile
The mining sector provides a major socio-economic contribution to the Brazil and theworld. It accounts for much of GDP growth,
enables investments in infrastructure and logistics, intechnologydevelopment,andinimprovedprofessionalqualification. When used adequately, the proceedsfromminingsupport thesocioeconomicdevelopmentof the communities locatedaround theminingareas.Moreover,ifmanagedresponsibly,theminingbusinesspromotes conservation of the environment andecosystemservices,keepingitthroughoutitsexistenceandafterendingtheiractions.
Relevance of BRazil in the gloBal mining pRoduction
globalexporterPlayer
exporter Self-sufficientimporter/ producer
Reliance on foreign Soucers
Niobium (1st)
Iron Ore (2nd)
Manganese (2nd)
Tantalite (2nd)
Nickel
Magnesium
Kaolin
Tin
Limestone
Industrial Diamonds
Titanium
Copper
Metallurgic Coal
Potash
Graphite (2nd)
Bauxite (2nd)
Ornamental Rocks (4th)
Vermiculite
Chromium
Gold
Tungsten
Talc
Phosphate
Diatomite
Zinc
Sulphur
Rare Earths
Strategic Itens
Source:DNPM/Ibram/MME
gRoWth of BRazilian mineRal pRoduction (IN uS$ BILLIONS)
Source:Ibram,2011
Theminingindustryplaysapivotalroleinboostingtheeconomy of Brazil – it accounted for 3% to 4%of theGDPand20%oftotalexports,generating175thousanddirect jobs and 2.2 million indirect jobs, i.e., 8% ofindustrialjobsin2010.
From the year2000, increaseddemand forminerals –especiallyduetothehighrateofglobalgrowth–boostedthevalueofPMB(anacronymthatstandsfor‘BrazilianMineral Production’ in Portuguese). In 2001-2011, thevalue of the PMB grew by 550% – jumping from $7.7billion to$50billion in2010,according to theNationalMiningPlan(PNM/2030).
Environmental Conservation
Several mining companies have pursued biodiversitymanagementstrategiesaspartof theircommitment toestablishandmaintainits‘operatinglicense.’Thus,thecommitmentbytheminingindustrytorespect,preserveandrestorethelandscapeandtoconservebiodiversityin the areaswhere theirmining operations are carriedout is intended to go beyond legal environmentalrequirements, i.e., socio-environmental responsibilityis perceived as strategic for the performance of theiractivitiesandnotasmerebudgetedcosts.
type of mineRal
BiodiveRSity
protected area (hectare)
Revegetation (ha/year)
Seedling nursery
(seedlings)
Iron ore 2,8 thousand 350 120 thousand
Gold 3.506 12 20 thousand
Coal 0,45 23,6
Kaolim 1,3 thousand 50 50 thousand
Industrial quartz sand, limestone and dolomite
377 10 3 thousand
Bauxite 377 254 400 thousand
Chrysotile mineral fiber
2,5 thousand 9 400 thousand
Iron ore pellets 2,2 thousand 61,78 20 thousand
Nickel 1.400 51 25 thousand
Phosphates 6 thousand 78,7 25 thousand
Gold 408,5 12,6 20 thousand
Iron Ore 1,1 thousand 7 thousand 5 million
Bauxite 1,4 thousand 122 400 thousand
Source:IntheMine,2011
Climate Change
Knowing the volume of GHG emissions is the firststep towards a low carbon economy. In line with thisparadigm, the mining sector developed the “InventoryofGHGEmissionsintheMiningSector”that,inadditionto reporting GHG emissions to 10 minerals mostrepresentative in terms of value, provided the basis fordevelopingthe“SectorPlanforMitigationandAdaptationto Climate Change in Mining”, in compliance with thespecificationsof theNationalPolicyonClimateChange(LawNº.12.187/2009).
Fonte:Ibram,2011
Astrictanalysisofmininginthisstudyrevealed8,855,655tCO2e.ConsideringthelatestofficialdataavailableforBrazil(2005),totalemissionsforCO2alone,were1,637,950,000tCO2. This warrants the conclusion that the contributionofminingisoflittlesignificance.Oftheseemissions,over90%ofthecorporateemissionscoveredinthestudyarisefromtheburningoffuelinstationaryandmobilesources.Thus,acontributionofminingcompaniestotheabatementofGHGemissions is related to theefficientuseof fossilfuels,aswellastheuseofrenewablefuels.
Water Use
For the mining industry, water is a strategic, scarceand economically valuable element. Therefore, there isgrowinginterestinthequantityandqualityofwater,whichisaviablealternativetoincreased,lowercostproduction,process efficiency, among others. Due to the massivevolumes involved, the use of recycling processes andwater recirculation is quite commonplace in theminingsector.Themostcommonsourcesarefromthereservoirsof tailings damsor those resulting from theprocess ofdewateringbyfiltration,screening,andthickening,etc.
type of mineRal Recycling/ReciRculation (%)
Iron 90
Coal 90
Kaolim 85
Bauxite 85
Nickel 74,3
Phosphate 50 - 83
Gold 90