Lecture Outline 10 (Depth Perception) PSYC 230—Burnham
1. Perceiving Distance and Size
a. Euclidean space vs. non-Euclidean Images
b. Realism (Naïve Realism)
c. Positivism (Subjective Idealism)
d. Visual Angle (θ) alone is insufficient to perceive distance (D) or size (S)
e. Image size on retina (θ) is non-invariant
f. Size Constancy is counterintuitive
g. Familiar Size
h. Size Distance Scaling Function
i. S = R x D
ii. Perceived size (S) is a function of retinal image size (R) and perceived distance (D)
2. Two Eyes are Better than One
a. Accommodation
b. Convergence-Divergence
c. Binocular Vision
i. Binocular Disparity
ii. Binocular Summation
iii. Stereopsis
d. Monocular Vision
Lecture Outline 10 (Depth Perception) PSYC 230—Burnham
3. Monocular Vision and Cues
a. Non-Metrical Depth Cues
i. Occlusion (Interposition)
ii. Shading Cues
iii. Motion Parallax
b. Metrical Depth Cues
i. Relative Size
ii. Familiar Size
iii. Relative Height
iv. Ariel (aerial) Perspective
v. Linear Perspective
4. Illusions of Depth
a. Müller-Lyer Illusion
b. Misapplied Size-Scaling Hypothesis
i. S = R x D
c. Conflicting Cues Hypothesis
Lecture Outline 10 (Depth Perception) PSYC 230—Burnham
d. Moon Illusion
i. Misapplied size-scaling?
ii. Conflicting cues?
e. Ponzo Illusion
f. Herring Illusion
g. Emmert’s Law
5. Binocular Depth Perception
a. Binocular Disparity
b. Cyclopean eye
c. Corresponding retinal points (cyclopean eye)
d. Non-Corresponding retinal points
Lecture Outline 10 (Depth Perception) PSYC 230—Burnham
e. Vieth-Müller Circle and Horopter
f. Crossed disparity
g. Uncrossed disparity
h. Stereopsis (binocular summation)
i. Stereoblindness
ii. Strabismus
i. How/when does stereopsis occur?
i. Early in processing or late in processing?
ii. Bela Julesz (1970s-1980s) research with Random dot stereograms
j. Binocular Rivalry
k. Tong, et al. (1998, Neuron) instantiated binocular rivalry
i. Presented places vs. faces
ii. Measured FFA and PPA activity