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HISTOLOGI HISTOLOGI MATAMATA

Ika Fidianingsih

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palpebrafungsi• melindungi bola mata struktur• ep berlapis pipih dengan keratin• jaringan ikat dan aponeuroisi muskulua• muskulus orbikularis okuli – NVI – menutup

kelopak mata• tarsus & kelenjar meibom• jaringan ikat longgar• epitel konjungtiva

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konjungtiva

• palpebra• epitel stratifikatum skuamosum non

kornifikatum• bulbi• epitel stratifikatum skuamosum non

kornifikatum• fornik• epitel stratifikatum kolumner dengan sel

goblet5

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kelenjar air mata

komposisi air & lizosimAliran fornik konungtiva membsahi kornea& kongtiva pungtum lakrimalis kanakuli lakrimalis sakus lakrimalsi duktus nasolarimalis

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Chambers of Eye

outer: corneo – scleral

Middle: Uvea with its choroid, ciliary body and Iris

Inner: Retina has two layers (outer pigment and inner neuronal)

Layers

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16CORNEACORNEA

Histology of Cornea

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19Choroid & ScleraChoroid & Sclera

Histology of Corneo – scleral coat

• Cornea– How cornea is transparent?– By precise regulation of water in stroma, if there is endothelial

damage corneal edema and corneal opacity– avascular

• Sclera – Dense connective tissue of flat collagen fibers and meshwork of

elastic fibers, fibroblast– vascular

• Limbus– transition zone – Has irido- corneal angle for drainage of aqueous humor ( canal

of schlemn)

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Vascular coat (Uvea)IRIS– Anterior limiting layer– Stroma of iris– Iris sphincter muscle– Iris dilator muscle– Anterior pigment myoepithelium– Posterior pigment epithelium

Muscle of adaptation• Sphincter pupillae – circular band of SMC, parasympathetic

control ( CN III), causes reduced size of pupil in response to light• Dilator pupillae – radially oriented pigmented myoepithelial cells,

form anterior pigment epithelium, under sympathetic control (superior cervical ganglion), causes increased pupillary size in response to dim light

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Vascular coat (Uvea)Ciliary body Pars plica- epithelium produces the aqueous humor.- Inner pigmented layer- stroma : fibroblast & colagen & vasa- anterior part is ciliary process, has ciliary muscle with three functional groups :

longitudinal – for drainage of aqueous, radial – flatten the lens for distant vision, circular- reduce tension on lens for near vision

Pars plana = koroidChoroid-melanocytes-vascular

26Ciliary processCiliary process

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Section of the anterior portion of the lens. The subcapsular epithelium secretes the lens capsule, which appears stained in red. The lens capsule is a thick basement membrane containing collagen type IV and laminin. Below the subcapsular epithelium, note the lens fibers, which are cells that have lost their nuclei and organelles, becoming thin, elongated, transparent structures. Picrosirius-hematoxylin. Medium magnification.

LENSLENS

Crystalline lens

• Transparent, avascular, biconvex, • Lens capsule – type IV collagen, • Epitel subkapsuler• Sel yang kehilangan nukleus & organela > pipih

membentuk serabut lensa • New lens fibers are produced through out the life• Presbyopia – decreased elasticity and power of

accommodation with age• Cataract – loss of transparency, causes can be

infections, metabolic, hereditary, trauma, UV light

Crystalline lens

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1.1. Pigment epitheliumPigment epithelium2.2. Photoreceptors outer Photoreceptors outer

segmentssegments3.3. Outer limiting Outer limiting

membranemembrane4.4. Outer nuclear layerOuter nuclear layer5.5. Outer plexiform layerOuter plexiform layer6.6. Inner nuclear layerInner nuclear layer7.7. Inner plexiform layerInner plexiform layer8.8. Ganglion cell layerGanglion cell layer9.9. Nerve fiber layerNerve fiber layer10.10. Inner limiting Inner limiting

membranemembrane

1.1. Pigment epitheliumPigment epithelium2.2. Photoreceptors outer Photoreceptors outer

segmentssegments3.3. Outer limiting Outer limiting

membranemembrane4.4. Outer nuclear layerOuter nuclear layer5.5. Outer plexiform layerOuter plexiform layer6.6. Inner nuclear layerInner nuclear layer7.7. Inner plexiform layerInner plexiform layer8.8. Ganglion cell layerGanglion cell layer9.9. Nerve fiber layerNerve fiber layer10.10. Inner limiting Inner limiting

membranemembrane

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phototransduction in rod photoreceptors. (A) The molecular structure of rhodopsin, the pigment in rods.

(B) The second messenger cascade of phototransduction.

Retina • Rods – more in # (12 million), more sensitive to light, used in

dim or night light), have maximum absorption at 496 nm of light ( black and white pictures)

• Cones – less in # (7million), three classes (L,M,S), less sensitive to light ( for day vision), have absorption at 420 (blue), 531(green) and 588 nm (red) of light, for color vision

• Sel epitel pigmen :– mencegah pantulan cahaya – berisi chemical machinary untuk turnover/regenerasi

fotoresptor– Barier Fagositosis– Mensisntesis melanin– Membentuk ester vitamin A

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Fovea Fovea greatest visual acuitygreatest visual acuity

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Optic disk Optic disk

blind spotblind spot

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Fovea Fovea greatest visual acuitygreatest visual acuity

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Fovea Fovea greatest visual acuitygreatest visual acuity

humor aqueos

• serupa plasmaAliran• sel epitel non pigmen prosesus siliaris• kamera okuli posterior• kamera okuli anterior• trabekula meshwork• kanalis schelm• vena

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humor vitreus

fungsi : perlekatan retina dengan koroid, media refraksi

komposisi• substansia gel yang jernih• air• asam hialuronat• kolagen• makrofag/hialosit

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Aging• Serat-serat elastis di prosesus siliaris

berkurang, kontraksi muskuus siliaris berkurang > lensa kurang dapat mencembung

• Adanya timbunan pigemen pada serat-serat lensa, karena serat lensa tidak dapat diperbaharui > lensa keruh

• Vitreous humor lebih cair > debris menggumpal > ketika ada cahaya ditangkap menjadi bayangan atau bintik hitam

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