Intro to BiologyIntro to BiologyUnit 1 (Chapter 1) Unit 1 (Chapter 1) The Basis of LifeThe Basis of LifePart 2Part 2
Vocabulary IntroVocabulary Intro
SpeciesSpecies
PopulationsPopulations
CommunitiesCommunities
EcosystemsEcosystems
PredatorPredator
PreyPrey
Organization of the BiosphereOrganization of the Biosphere
Explain how organisms respond and adapt to Explain how organisms respond and adapt to their environmenttheir environment
Compare the various interdependent Compare the various interdependent relationships of organismsrelationships of organisms
Summarize the role of humans in the Summarize the role of humans in the ecosystemecosystem
Section 1.2 Big IdeasSection 1.2 Big Ideas
Organization of the Biosphere
Species (individuals) – individuals interact Species (individuals) – individuals interact with other living and nonliving things, so with other living and nonliving things, so scientists also study groups of organisms scientists also study groups of organisms
Populations – groups of the same type of Populations – groups of the same type of species living in an areaspecies living in an area
Communities – all of the types of Communities – all of the types of organisms/populations in an areaorganisms/populations in an area
Ecosystems – all of the living +nonliving Ecosystems – all of the living +nonliving things in an areathings in an area
Explain how organisms Explain how organisms respond and adapt to their respond and adapt to their
environmentenvironmentShort term changesShort term changes
A lion heading to the shade when it A lion heading to the shade when it gets hotgets hot
Long-term changesLong-term changesChange in finches beaks in the Change in finches beaks in the
Galapagos IslandsGalapagos Islands
Theory of Evolution (Charles Darwin)Theory of Evolution (Charles Darwin)Survival of the fittestSurvival of the fittest
5 Major Interactions Among Biotic Factors in an EcosystemPredationCompetitionParasitismMutualismCommensalism
Compare the various Compare the various interdependent relationships of interdependent relationships of
organismsorganisms
Compare the various Compare the various interdependent relationships of interdependent relationships of
organismsorganisms Predation
One organism kills & eats another organism
Predator – the killer/eater
Feed on the young & weak
Limits the size of prey populations
Prey – gets eaten/killed
Prey declines the predators must find other prey
Compare the various Compare the various interdependent relationships of interdependent relationships of
organismsorganisms
Predation Examples
Compare the various Compare the various interdependent relationships of interdependent relationships of
organismsorganisms
Competition
2 or more organisms of the same or different species attempt to use the same limited resources
can occur evenly if there’s no contact (indirect)
ex-2 insects, same plant, one feeds during the day, one at night
Compare the various Compare the various interdependent relationships of interdependent relationships of
organismsorganisms
Parasitism (Type of Symbiosis)
parasite- organisms that live in or on another organism & feed on it w/o immediately killing it
host- organism the parasite takes nourishment from
organisms are negatively affected by parasites
Mistletoe on an apple tree
Compare the various Compare the various interdependent relationships of interdependent relationships of
organismsorganisms
Hungry Tick Full Tick
Parasitism
Compare the various Compare the various interdependent relationships of interdependent relationships of
organismsorganisms
Mutualism (Symbiosis)
a cooperative partnership between two species in which both species benefit
Example you & intestinal bacteria, bacteria aids you w/digestion you give bacteria warm home/food
Compare the various Compare the various interdependent relationships of interdependent relationships of
organismsorganisms
Commensalism (Symbiosis)
One species benefits, the other is neither harmed nor helped
Remora & sharks attach to sharks & feed on scraps from their meals the sharks aren’t affected
Commensalism is very rare
Compare the various Compare the various interdependent relationships of interdependent relationships of
organismsorganisms Commensalism or Mutualism??
The sea anemone and the clown fish….
Scientists tend to agree that it is commensalism, there is not sufficient documented proof that the anemone benefits in any way…
Do the fish scare away other fish/predators???
Finding Nemo….do they keep the anemone clean???
Humans affect, and are affected by the Humans affect, and are affected by the environmentenvironmentWe need food and medicineWe need food and medicineWe are aided by technology (biotechnology)We are aided by technology (biotechnology)Clothing and additional resources (fuel, wood Clothing and additional resources (fuel, wood
products, cycling of Oproducts, cycling of O22 and CO and CO22))
Protecting BiodiversityProtecting BiodiversityWe find uses for living things that we may We find uses for living things that we may
not have always been aware of… etc…not have always been aware of… etc…
Summarize the role of humans in Summarize the role of humans in the ecosystemthe ecosystem