© Siemens 2020
siemens.com/industrial-5g© Siemens 2020
Industrial 5G. For the industry of tomorrow.DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand
September2020
© Siemens 2020Page 2
The 5G hype is dominating the headlines.
DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
Why Industrial 5G? Growing Flexibility, Autonomous Logistic and more
Mobile Equipment Assisted Work Backhaul
Autonomous Machines Autonomous Logistic Edge
Page 3 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
The evolution of cellular networks in Industry – from the first commercial network to the network of the future.
1GReleased: 1979Standards: NMT, AMPS & TACSCapabilities:Analog voice
2GReleased: 1991Standards: GSM & CDMACapabilities:• Digital voice• Encrypted commincation• Limited roaming• SMS & MMSExtensions:• GPRS (2.5G)• CDMA2000 (2.5G)• EDGE (2.75G)
3GReleased: 2002Standards: UMTS & EV-DOCapabilities:• Mobile broadband• Locating services• Multimedia streaming• Seamless global roamingExtensions:HSPA+ (3.5G)
4GReleased: 2009Standards: LTECapabilities:• High Speed mobile Internet• IP-based packet switching• HD multimedia streaming• Seamless global roamingExtensions:Feature extension throughnew category/releases
5GReleased: 2019Standards: 5GCapabilities:• Private networks
(local use frequency)• (l)IoT Ready• Massive Machine Type
communication• Ultra-low-latency• Ultra-high reliability• Millimeter wave supportExtensions:Feature extension through new categories/releases
No impact on industrial applications
• Remote control/Telecontrol• Text messages from and to
remote machines
• Video monitoring• Remote Access to machines
(e.g. for teleservice)• Remote Condition Monitoring
• Mobile service Technicians• Service via smart phone• Wireless Backhaul
• Autonomous LogisticsAutonomous Machines
• Assisted Work• Wireless Backhaul• Edge Computing• Mobile Equipment
0.0024 Mbit/s Industry Impact 0.064 Mbit/s Industry Impact 42 Mbit/s Industry Impact 1,000 Mbit/s Industry Impact 10,000 Mbit/s Industry Impact
- 0 + ++ +++
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© Siemens 2020
Confidentiality Integrity Availability
The priorities between IT and OT differ
Automation (OT) Priority
Office (IT) Priority
Page 5 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
5G fulfills various network requirements.
Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)• High data rates for data driven applications• Wide spectrum range• Wide area of application
Public Profile(Mobile Network Operator)
Industrial Profile(Industrie 4.0 Factory)
Massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC)• Scalable connectivity• Wide Area Coverage• Deep indoor penetration
Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications (URLLC)• Ultra-reliable for mission critical
applications• Low latency for real-time applications• Suitable for industrial control
5GNumberof devices
Latency /Reliability
Data-rate
Page 6 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
Classification of applications according to network requirements.
Page 7 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
Cycle times from up to 160ms are not suitable for real-time applications – 5G Release 16 makes the difference!
The most important factor in industrial networks is the latency and its possible jitter. Typical latency and jitter for wireless network technologies result in the following best case cycle times:
Industrial WLAN (802.11ax)*
5G Private (Rel. 16)*
5G Private (Rel. 15)
Industrial WLAN (802.11abgn)
LTE Private
LTE Public
2
2
160
17
160
190
400 6020 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Current Siemens-Portfolio
Future Siemens-Portfolio
msLatency Jitter* Based on expectations of upcoming standards
Page 8 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020Page 9
Determining the latency and cycle time of a 5G Network
User Plane
Function (UPF)
User Equipment
(UE)
Sensors
Applications
Controllers
OT Device
Radio Access Network (RAN)
5G Latency UplinkPacket sentPacket processing and response5G Latency Downlink
Packet received
Cycle Time
Industrial Applications
5G Domain
DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen
© Siemens 2020Page 10
Industrial 5G. Non-Standalone vs. Standalone mode
A 5G network is very flexible, there are different options for the network infrastructure, different deployments scenarios and also different modes:
• Non-standalone mode: Network where the application data exchange takes place over 5G but the network management data is exchanged over LTE (4G) via a so-called anchor band. This means that 2 different Radio Access Networks are necessary.
• Standalone mode: Network where both application and network management data is exchanged over 5G.
Non-Standalone
5G RAN*Frequency Y
LTE RAN*Frequency X
Standalone
5G RAN*Frequency Y
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)(4G Core)
Next Generation Core (NGC)(5G Core)
* Radio Access NetworkApplication Data (User Plane)Network Management Data (Control Plane)
DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen
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5G is divided into multiple releases and these include different features related to the main application scenarios
Available: December 2018 Available: July 2020 Planned for: January 2022
Release 15 Release 16 Release 17
Page 11 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 202004.2019 Hannover Messe 2019
Why can we only start with Release 16 in Industry?
Seite 12
Release 15Available: Dec. 2018
Release 16Available: July 2020
Release 17Planned for Jan. 2022
Peak & experienced data rate / area traffic capacity (20 Gbit/s) Complete Complete CompleteSpectrum efficiency (3 x 4G) Complete Complete CompleteNetwork energy efficiency (100 x 4G) Complete Complete CompleteConnection density (1.000.000 / km2) Partially Partially CompleteLatency (<10 ms) None Partially CompleteReliability (99.999% under 10 ms) None Partially CompleteMobility (roaming with 500 km/h) Complete Complete CompleteLocalization (phase 1 : 1 meter accuracy) None Partially PartiallyNon-public networks (private networks) None Partially CompleteIndustrial IoT (TSN support) None Partially PartiallyNetwork slicing (multiple networks on shared infrastructure) Complete Complete Complete (+
enhancements)
© Siemens 2020Industrial 5G
Industrial 5G. Which infrastructure is right for your application?
1 Depends on the implementation of the provider, most likely variants are shown
Priv
ate
Publ
ic
Flexibility: Very limited, depends on providerPrivacy: Insufficient w/o additional
precautionQoS: Not guaranteedNetwork: Depends on implementation of
provider
Flexibility: Limited, depends on providerPrivacy: UEs are visible outsideQoS: Best effortNetwork: This scenario is 1 possible
way of slicing, depends on provider
Flexibility: UnlimitedPrivacy: OptimalQoS: OptimalNetwork: This scenario is only possible
with access to spectrum
Standort 1 Standort 2
Used frequency: 3,4 … 3,7 GHz (Public) Used frequency: 3,4 … 3,7 GHz (Public) Used frequency: 3,7 … 3,8 GHz (Private)
Control plane
User plane
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© Siemens 2020
Industrial Wireless networks need a private frequency band!
Advantage of wireless network ownership in OT:
• self-management guarantees flexibility in production• Qualified IT-experts with OT-knowledge on-site 24/7 support and maintenance of the network
• QoS based on dedicated network for industrial use support ultra-reliable and low-latency communication
Maximum data privacy and security:• Data stay on-premises • Protection of trade secrets, production data and patents
Interoperability between public and private networks without interferences
Page 14 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020Public Network Private Network
Coexistence of public and private 5G networks to enable high-performance industry-campus networks!
© Siemens 2020
Dedicated spectrum is necessary in industry and brings a competitive edge. Is Germany an example for others?
2,40 – 2,48 GHzNon-licensed• WLAN• Bluetooth• ZigBee
3,40 – 3,70 GHzLicensed• 5G public• 5G private
GHz
5,125 – 5,875 GHzNon-licensed• WLAN• LTE-U
24,25 – 27,50 GHzLicensed • 5G public• 5G private
3,70 – 3,80 GHzPrivate 5G Band in Germany
26 GHzLocal 5G Band in Germany (Concept in review)
Page 16 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
Condition Frequency Allocation in Germany for the Band 3.7-3.8 GHz
The frequency band 3.7-3.8 GHz is available to be allocated for local private networks
The spectrum is allocated in 10 MHz blocks, it is technology neutral, only TDD is allowed
The allocated frequencies can be withdrawn if not used within one year of the allocation. It applies the principle „Use-it-or-lose-it“. The licenses have a validity of 10 years or maximum until the 31.12.2040
The BNetzA has not defined any field strenght limits, no guard-bands are defined
The frequency holder is obliged to build a frequency efficient network and do not interfere to other bands or systems
In case of interference between local networks the solution shall be found among the neighbors.
The BNetzA reserves the possibility to allocate non used spectrum above the 3.7GHz to nationwide networks already operating in the 3.4 - 3.7GHz for temporary additional capacity
The requester needs to be the owner or tenant of the place where the 5G will be operated
Page 17 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
5G spectrum fees for local use in GermanyExample: Siemens Factory Karlsruhe (South)
Formula to calculate the fee:
1000 + B ∙ t ∙ 5 (6a1 + a2)
The fee comprises the following elements: • A base amount of 1.000 €• Planned bandwidth (B): 100 MHz• Planned term (t): 10 years• Surface area covered in square kilometers
• (a1): 0,141 km2
• (a2): 0 km2
1.000 € + 100 Mhz ∙ 10 Year ∙ 5 € (6 ∙ 0,141 km2 + 0) = 5.230 € for 10 years
Page 18 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020Page 19
Global snapshot of allocated/targeted 5G spectrum.
Sources: 5G Observatory, QualcommExisting band Licensed band Unlicensed band Local band Possible Local band Metropolitan band
600 Mhz
600 Mhz
700 Mhz
700 Mhz
700 Mhz
700 Mhz
700 Mhz
700 Mhz
700 Mhz
700 Mhz
2.3-2.39 GHz
2.5 / 2.6 GHz
2.5 / 2.6 GHz
3.475-3.65 GHz
3.4-3.8 GHz
3.4-3.8 GHz
3.4-3.8 GHz
3.46-3.8 GHz
3.6-3.8 GHz
3.3-3.6 GHz
3.6-4.1 GHz
3.3-3.6 GHz
3.4-3.7 GHz
4.5-4.9 GHz
4.8-5 GHz
5.9-7.1 GHz
5.9-6.4 GHz
5.9-7.1 GHz
3.45-3.55 GHz
3.55-3.7 GHz
3.7-4.3 GHz
3.4-3.42 GHz
3.42-3.7 GHz
3.7-4.0 GHz
24.5-27.5 GHz
26 GHz
26 GHz
26 GHz
26-26,5 GHz
24.75-27.5 GHz
64-71 GHz
64-71 GHz
>95 GHz
40-43.5 GHz
39-43.5 GHz
37-43.5 GHz
39 GHz24.75-27.5 GHz
37.5-38.7 GHz
24.25-24.45 GHz24.75-25.25 GHz27.5-28.35 GHz
26. 5-27. 5 GHz27.5-28.35 GHz
24.25-27. 5 GHz27.5-29.5 GHz
26.6 -27 GHz27-29.5 GHz
37-37.6 GHz37.6-40 GHz
47.2-48.2 GHz
37-37.6 GHz37.6-40 GHz
25.7 -26.5 GHz
26.5 -28.9 GHz
28.9 -29.5 GHz
2.6-2.62 GHz
3.8-4.2 GHz
<1 GHz 3 GHz 4 GHz 5 GHz 24 – 30 GHz 37 – 50 GHz 64 – 71 GHz >95 GHz
DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen
© Siemens 2020
Improved security in 5G compared to previous standards
The 5G system has been designed considering that has to support different use cases, like IoT, industrial automation and mission critical applications. The new security challenges have been considered.
5G security has enhanced and improved the technology used in previous mobile technologies 2G, 3G and 4G. Particularly regarding the initial authentication
Multiple identifications methods are available
Additionally any 5G mobile network can also be assessed by an assurance audit according to the protocol defined by the GSMA* and the 3GPP (NESAS)*.
*GSMA: GSM Association*NESAS: Network Equipment Security Assurance Scheme
Page 20 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
Private networks bring additional security to wireless networks compared to public deployments
Private networks - A private network provides an higher security level “compared to a public one”
• Limited geographical area deployment, any attack has to be conducted locally
• There is no data privacy risk since the data will not leave the premises
• The network owner has direct control on the equipment installed and the security measures to be applied
• Network slicing allows isolation of parts of the network which need a different level of security
• The complete OT network is secured with “defence in depth” approach throughout all levels
A private network is the best viable solution to provide such an high level of security
Page 21 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
What needs to be done until we can say 5G is fit for industry?
Release 16 Local / Industrial FrequencyHardware-Availability
+ Support industrial protocols• PROFINET• OPC UA • Engineering
Industrial 5G!
?
Page 22 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
• Sustainable technological cooperation between Qualcomm Technologies and Siemens to support the future of industrial wireless communication
• Joint Proof of Concept in the Siemens Automotive Showroom and Test Center
• Researching the capabilities of private 5G standalone networks for industrial applications
Siemens & Qualcomm Technologies driving the future of industrial automation forward with private standalone 5G test network
Page 23 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
First private standalone 5G network in an industrial environment using the 3.7-3.8 GHz band
• Private 5G Standalone network based on Qualcomm® 5G test network and Qualcomm 5G industrial test device with 5G modem
• Benefiting from the local use spectrum for campus networks in Germany in the 3.7 – 3.8 GHz band
• Evaluating currently available industrial protocols such as Profinet and OPC UA over together with wireless communication via 5G
Qualcomm 5G technology is licensed by Qualcomm Incorporated. Qualcomm 5G test network and 5G test device are test equipment by Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Qualcomm 5G products are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or itssubsidiaries.
Page 24 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
Industrial 5G. Bundle expertise.
Cooperating for the future – 5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation
The 5G-ACIA global initiative was established at the beginning of 2018 with the following challenges in mind:• How can the manufacturing and process industries
consistently benefit from 5G? • What is needed for 5G to meet the high requirements
of industry?
As a member of this initiative, Siemens is directing the future of industry in collaboration with other well-known companies from:• the automation • manufacturing industries • leading organizations in the field of information
and communication technology
Page 25 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
Industrial 5G. Industrial Wireless Strategy 2025.
Access NetworkPN
Access NetworkPN
BackhaulNetworkEthernet
Access NetworkIWLAN
Access NetworkIWLAN
BackhaulNetworkEthernet
BackboneNetwork
Access NetworkPN@TSNother
Access NetworkIWLAN
Access NetworkIndustrial 5G
BackhaulNetwork (SDN)Ethernet/5G
Access NetworkPN
BackhaulNetwork (SDN)Ethernet/TSN
BackboneNetwork
Today 2025
Today we have no globally available industry frequency band for 5G
Siemens StrategySolutions in ISM Band 2,4 and 5,0 GHz Industrial WLAN 11ac today and tomorrow 11ax
Solutions with industry frequency band Industrial 5G
Page 26 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020
© Siemens 2020
Let us stay connected:
Sander RotmensenDirector of Industrial Wireless Communication
www.siemens.com/industrial-5g
+49 1520 44 26 757
https://www.linkedin.com/in/sanderrotmensen/