Industrial 5G. For the industry of tomorrow....technologies 2G, 3G and 4G. Particularly regarding the initial authentication Multiple identifications methods are available. Additionally

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siemens.com/industrial-5g© Siemens 2020

Industrial 5G. For the industry of tomorrow.DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand

September2020

© Siemens 2020Page 2

The 5G hype is dominating the headlines.

DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020

© Siemens 2020

Why Industrial 5G? Growing Flexibility, Autonomous Logistic and more

Mobile Equipment Assisted Work Backhaul

Autonomous Machines Autonomous Logistic Edge

Page 3 DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen22.09.2020

© Siemens 2020

The evolution of cellular networks in Industry – from the first commercial network to the network of the future.

1GReleased: 1979Standards: NMT, AMPS & TACSCapabilities:Analog voice

2GReleased: 1991Standards: GSM & CDMACapabilities:• Digital voice• Encrypted commincation• Limited roaming• SMS & MMSExtensions:• GPRS (2.5G)• CDMA2000 (2.5G)• EDGE (2.75G)

3GReleased: 2002Standards: UMTS & EV-DOCapabilities:• Mobile broadband• Locating services• Multimedia streaming• Seamless global roamingExtensions:HSPA+ (3.5G)

4GReleased: 2009Standards: LTECapabilities:• High Speed mobile Internet• IP-based packet switching• HD multimedia streaming• Seamless global roamingExtensions:Feature extension throughnew category/releases

5GReleased: 2019Standards: 5GCapabilities:• Private networks

(local use frequency)• (l)IoT Ready• Massive Machine Type

communication• Ultra-low-latency• Ultra-high reliability• Millimeter wave supportExtensions:Feature extension through new categories/releases

No impact on industrial applications

• Remote control/Telecontrol• Text messages from and to

remote machines

• Video monitoring• Remote Access to machines

(e.g. for teleservice)• Remote Condition Monitoring

• Mobile service Technicians• Service via smart phone• Wireless Backhaul

• Autonomous LogisticsAutonomous Machines

• Assisted Work• Wireless Backhaul• Edge Computing• Mobile Equipment

0.0024 Mbit/s Industry Impact 0.064 Mbit/s Industry Impact 42 Mbit/s Industry Impact 1,000 Mbit/s Industry Impact 10,000 Mbit/s Industry Impact

- 0 + ++ +++


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Confidentiality Integrity Availability

The priorities between IT and OT differ

Automation (OT) Priority

Office (IT) Priority


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5G fulfills various network requirements.

Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)• High data rates for data driven applications• Wide spectrum range• Wide area of application

Public Profile(Mobile Network Operator)

Industrial Profile(Industrie 4.0 Factory)

Massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC)• Scalable connectivity• Wide Area Coverage• Deep indoor penetration

Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications (URLLC)• Ultra-reliable for mission critical

applications• Low latency for real-time applications• Suitable for industrial control

5GNumberof devices

Latency /Reliability

Data-rate


© Siemens 2020

Classification of applications according to network requirements.


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Cycle times from up to 160ms are not suitable for real-time applications – 5G Release 16 makes the difference!

The most important factor in industrial networks is the latency and its possible jitter. Typical latency and jitter for wireless network technologies result in the following best case cycle times:

Industrial WLAN (802.11ax)*

5G Private (Rel. 16)*

5G Private (Rel. 15)

Industrial WLAN (802.11abgn)

LTE Private

LTE Public

2

2

160

17

160

190

400 6020 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Current Siemens-Portfolio

Future Siemens-Portfolio

msLatency Jitter* Based on expectations of upcoming standards



Determining the latency and cycle time of a 5G Network

User Plane

Function (UPF)

User Equipment

(UE)

Sensors

Applications

Controllers

OT Device

Radio Access Network (RAN)

5G Latency UplinkPacket sentPacket processing and response5G Latency Downlink

Packet received

Cycle Time

Industrial Applications

5G Domain

DIHK - Roadshow 5G @ Mittelstand S.Rotmensen


Industrial 5G. Non-Standalone vs. Standalone mode

A 5G network is very flexible, there are different options for the network infrastructure, different deployments scenarios and also different modes:

• Non-standalone mode: Network where the application data exchange takes place over 5G but the network management data is exchanged over LTE (4G) via a so-called anchor band. This means that 2 different Radio Access Networks are necessary.

• Standalone mode: Network where both application and network management data is exchanged over 5G.

Non-Standalone

5G RAN*Frequency Y

LTE RAN*Frequency X

Standalone

5G RAN*Frequency Y

Evolved Packet Core (EPC)(4G Core)

Next Generation Core (NGC)(5G Core)

* Radio Access NetworkApplication Data (User Plane)Network Management Data (Control Plane)


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5G is divided into multiple releases and these include different features related to the main application scenarios

Available: December 2018 Available: July 2020 Planned for: January 2022

Release 15 Release 16 Release 17


© Siemens 202004.2019 Hannover Messe 2019

Why can we only start with Release 16 in Industry?

Seite 12

Release 15Available: Dec. 2018

Release 16Available: July 2020

Release 17Planned for Jan. 2022

Peak & experienced data rate / area traffic capacity (20 Gbit/s) Complete Complete CompleteSpectrum efficiency (3 x 4G) Complete Complete CompleteNetwork energy efficiency (100 x 4G) Complete Complete CompleteConnection density (1.000.000 / km2) Partially Partially CompleteLatency (<10 ms) None Partially CompleteReliability (99.999% under 10 ms) None Partially CompleteMobility (roaming with 500 km/h) Complete Complete CompleteLocalization (phase 1 : 1 meter accuracy) None Partially PartiallyNon-public networks (private networks) None Partially CompleteIndustrial IoT (TSN support) None Partially PartiallyNetwork slicing (multiple networks on shared infrastructure) Complete Complete Complete (+

enhancements)

© Siemens 2020Industrial 5G

Industrial 5G. Which infrastructure is right for your application?

1 Depends on the implementation of the provider, most likely variants are shown

Priv

ate

Publ

ic

Flexibility: Very limited, depends on providerPrivacy: Insufficient w/o additional

precautionQoS: Not guaranteedNetwork: Depends on implementation of

provider

Flexibility: Limited, depends on providerPrivacy: UEs are visible outsideQoS: Best effortNetwork: This scenario is 1 possible

way of slicing, depends on provider

Flexibility: UnlimitedPrivacy: OptimalQoS: OptimalNetwork: This scenario is only possible

with access to spectrum

Standort 1 Standort 2

Used frequency: 3,4 … 3,7 GHz (Public) Used frequency: 3,4 … 3,7 GHz (Public) Used frequency: 3,7 … 3,8 GHz (Private)

Control plane

User plane


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Industrial Wireless networks need a private frequency band!

Advantage of wireless network ownership in OT:

• self-management guarantees flexibility in production• Qualified IT-experts with OT-knowledge on-site 24/7 support and maintenance of the network

• QoS based on dedicated network for industrial use support ultra-reliable and low-latency communication

Maximum data privacy and security:• Data stay on-premises • Protection of trade secrets, production data and patents

Interoperability between public and private networks without interferences


© Siemens 2020Public Network Private Network

Coexistence of public and private 5G networks to enable high-performance industry-campus networks!

© Siemens 2020

Dedicated spectrum is necessary in industry and brings a competitive edge. Is Germany an example for others?

2,40 – 2,48 GHzNon-licensed• WLAN• Bluetooth• ZigBee

3,40 – 3,70 GHzLicensed• 5G public• 5G private

GHz

5,125 – 5,875 GHzNon-licensed• WLAN• LTE-U

24,25 – 27,50 GHzLicensed • 5G public• 5G private

3,70 – 3,80 GHzPrivate 5G Band in Germany

26 GHzLocal 5G Band in Germany (Concept in review)


© Siemens 2020

Condition Frequency Allocation in Germany for the Band 3.7-3.8 GHz

The frequency band 3.7-3.8 GHz is available to be allocated for local private networks

The spectrum is allocated in 10 MHz blocks, it is technology neutral, only TDD is allowed

The allocated frequencies can be withdrawn if not used within one year of the allocation. It applies the principle „Use-it-or-lose-it“. The licenses have a validity of 10 years or maximum until the 31.12.2040

The BNetzA has not defined any field strenght limits, no guard-bands are defined

The frequency holder is obliged to build a frequency efficient network and do not interfere to other bands or systems

In case of interference between local networks the solution shall be found among the neighbors.

The BNetzA reserves the possibility to allocate non used spectrum above the 3.7GHz to nationwide networks already operating in the 3.4 - 3.7GHz for temporary additional capacity

The requester needs to be the owner or tenant of the place where the 5G will be operated


© Siemens 2020

5G spectrum fees for local use in GermanyExample: Siemens Factory Karlsruhe (South)

Formula to calculate the fee:

1000 + B ∙ t ∙ 5 (6a1 + a2)

The fee comprises the following elements: • A base amount of 1.000 €• Planned bandwidth (B): 100 MHz• Planned term (t): 10 years• Surface area covered in square kilometers

• (a1): 0,141 km2

• (a2): 0 km2

1.000 € + 100 Mhz ∙ 10 Year ∙ 5 € (6 ∙ 0,141 km2 + 0) = 5.230 € for 10 years



Global snapshot of allocated/targeted 5G spectrum.

Sources: 5G Observatory, QualcommExisting band Licensed band Unlicensed band Local band Possible Local band Metropolitan band

600 Mhz

600 Mhz

700 Mhz

700 Mhz

700 Mhz

700 Mhz

700 Mhz

700 Mhz

700 Mhz

700 Mhz

2.3-2.39 GHz

2.5 / 2.6 GHz

2.5 / 2.6 GHz

3.475-3.65 GHz

3.4-3.8 GHz

3.4-3.8 GHz

3.4-3.8 GHz

3.46-3.8 GHz

3.6-3.8 GHz

3.3-3.6 GHz

3.6-4.1 GHz

3.3-3.6 GHz

3.4-3.7 GHz

4.5-4.9 GHz

4.8-5 GHz

5.9-7.1 GHz

5.9-6.4 GHz

5.9-7.1 GHz

3.45-3.55 GHz

3.55-3.7 GHz

3.7-4.3 GHz

3.4-3.42 GHz

3.42-3.7 GHz

3.7-4.0 GHz

24.5-27.5 GHz

26 GHz

26 GHz

26 GHz

26-26,5 GHz

24.75-27.5 GHz

64-71 GHz

64-71 GHz

>95 GHz

40-43.5 GHz

39-43.5 GHz

37-43.5 GHz

39 GHz24.75-27.5 GHz

37.5-38.7 GHz

24.25-24.45 GHz24.75-25.25 GHz27.5-28.35 GHz

26. 5-27. 5 GHz27.5-28.35 GHz

24.25-27. 5 GHz27.5-29.5 GHz

26.6 -27 GHz27-29.5 GHz

37-37.6 GHz37.6-40 GHz

47.2-48.2 GHz

37-37.6 GHz37.6-40 GHz

25.7 -26.5 GHz

26.5 -28.9 GHz

28.9 -29.5 GHz

2.6-2.62 GHz

3.8-4.2 GHz

<1 GHz 3 GHz 4 GHz 5 GHz 24 – 30 GHz 37 – 50 GHz 64 – 71 GHz >95 GHz


https://5gobservatory.eu/

https://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/files/spectrum-for-4g-and-5g.pdf

© Siemens 2020

Improved security in 5G compared to previous standards

The 5G system has been designed considering that has to support different use cases, like IoT, industrial automation and mission critical applications. The new security challenges have been considered.

5G security has enhanced and improved the technology used in previous mobile technologies 2G, 3G and 4G. Particularly regarding the initial authentication

Multiple identifications methods are available

Additionally any 5G mobile network can also be assessed by an assurance audit according to the protocol defined by the GSMA* and the 3GPP (NESAS)*.

*GSMA: GSM Association*NESAS: Network Equipment Security Assurance Scheme


© Siemens 2020

Private networks bring additional security to wireless networks compared to public deployments

Private networks - A private network provides an higher security level “compared to a public one”

• Limited geographical area deployment, any attack has to be conducted locally

• There is no data privacy risk since the data will not leave the premises

• The network owner has direct control on the equipment installed and the security measures to be applied

• Network slicing allows isolation of parts of the network which need a different level of security

• The complete OT network is secured with “defence in depth” approach throughout all levels

A private network is the best viable solution to provide such an high level of security


© Siemens 2020

What needs to be done until we can say 5G is fit for industry?

Release 16 Local / Industrial FrequencyHardware-Availability

+ Support industrial protocols• PROFINET• OPC UA • Engineering

Industrial 5G!

?


© Siemens 2020

• Sustainable technological cooperation between Qualcomm Technologies and Siemens to support the future of industrial wireless communication

• Joint Proof of Concept in the Siemens Automotive Showroom and Test Center

• Researching the capabilities of private 5G standalone networks for industrial applications

Siemens & Qualcomm Technologies driving the future of industrial automation forward with private standalone 5G test network


© Siemens 2020

First private standalone 5G network in an industrial environment using the 3.7-3.8 GHz band

• Private 5G Standalone network based on Qualcomm® 5G test network and Qualcomm 5G industrial test device with 5G modem

• Benefiting from the local use spectrum for campus networks in Germany in the 3.7 – 3.8 GHz band

• Evaluating currently available industrial protocols such as Profinet and OPC UA over together with wireless communication via 5G

Qualcomm 5G technology is licensed by Qualcomm Incorporated. Qualcomm 5G test network and 5G test device are test equipment by Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Qualcomm 5G products are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or itssubsidiaries.


© Siemens 2020

Industrial 5G. Bundle expertise.

Cooperating for the future – 5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation

The 5G-ACIA global initiative was established at the beginning of 2018 with the following challenges in mind:• How can the manufacturing and process industries

consistently benefit from 5G? • What is needed for 5G to meet the high requirements

of industry?

As a member of this initiative, Siemens is directing the future of industry in collaboration with other well-known companies from:• the automation • manufacturing industries • leading organizations in the field of information

and communication technology


© Siemens 2020

Industrial 5G. Industrial Wireless Strategy 2025.

Access NetworkPN

Access NetworkPN

BackhaulNetworkEthernet

Access NetworkIWLAN

Access NetworkIWLAN

BackhaulNetworkEthernet

BackboneNetwork

Access NetworkPN@TSNother

Access NetworkIWLAN

Access NetworkIndustrial 5G

BackhaulNetwork (SDN)Ethernet/5G

Access NetworkPN

BackhaulNetwork (SDN)Ethernet/TSN

BackboneNetwork

Today 2025

Today we have no globally available industry frequency band for 5G

Siemens StrategySolutions in ISM Band 2,4 and 5,0 GHz Industrial WLAN 11ac today and tomorrow 11ax

Solutions with industry frequency band Industrial 5G


© Siemens 2020

Let us stay connected:

Sander RotmensenDirector of Industrial Wireless Communication

www.siemens.com/industrial-5g

[email protected]

+49 1520 44 26 757

https://www.linkedin.com/in/sanderrotmensen/

http://www.siemens.com/industrial-5g

mailto:[email protected]

https://www.linkedin.com/in/sanderrotmensen/

Documents

Industrial 5G. For the industry of tomorrow....technologies 2G, 3G and 4G. Particularly regarding the initial authentication Multiple identifications methods are available. Additionally