W H E R E A R E T H E Y * N O W ? * T H E Y = S M A R T P H O N E S
L O C A L P O S I T I O N I N G T E C H N I Q U E S
L O C A L P O S I T I O N I N G S Y S T E M
• Locates users within a predefined space
• Relatively accurate positioning
• Unique user identification
• Persistent uniqueness
W H Y N O T G P S ?
• Doesn’t work indoors
• LPS can provide accurate, context-specific location
A P P L I C AT I O N S
• Wayfinding
• Retail analytics
• Gaming
• Art Installations
• Crowd density and traffic flow
• Home automation
A C T I V E C L I E N T ( C L I E N T- S I D E )
A C T I V E S E N S O R ( S E R V E R - S I D E )
A C T I V E C L I E N T
• Requires user interaction (must have installed an app)
• Allows for greater user interaction within your application
• Builds trust
• Accurate and reliable
A C T I V E S E N S O R
• Requires no user interaction
• Monitor existing wireless traffic from user devices
• Hard to detect
• Less accurate than active-user
• Central database = privacy risk
• Creepy, bro
L O C A L P O S I T I O N I N G I S N O T R E A L LY L O C A L I Z E D G P S
C O N S I D E R Y O U R R E Q U I R E M E N T S
P R E S E N C E - D E T E C T I O N
P R O X I M I T Y T R I G G E R S
A B S O L U T E P O S I T I O N I N G
P R E S E N C E D E T E C T I O N
• Simplest approach
• Can use a single sensor or an array of sensors for different areas
• Is user within your area (and roughly how far away are they)?
• Useful for traffic flow analysis and determining crowd density
Source: CNET
PA S S I V E W I F I S N I F F I N G
B E A C O N F R A M E S
P R O B E R E Q U E S T S
P R O B E R E Q U E S T S
• Broadcast or Targeted (with SSID)
• Client MAC Address
Source: TP-Link
W H AT I S I T G O O D F O R ?
P R O X I M I T Y T R I G G E R S
C A P P E D !
i B E A C O N
W H E R E C A N Y O U G E T S O M E B E A C O N S ?
i B E A C O N C O N F I G U R AT I O N
• UUID
• Major
• Minor
• Measured Power
i B E A C O N C O N F I G U R AT I O N
FD80C499-D6EC-42D5-87BC-D40F2D41522F
1 2
3
13
212
N O T O N LY F O R i O S
W O R K F L O W
• Scan for beacons with your project’s UUID
• Callbacks for Entering and Exiting the vicinity of a beacon
• Callback once per second (roughly) while within range of a beacon
• Can determine the proximity to a beacon
Far
NearImmediate
P R O X I M I T Y
A B S O L U T E P O S I T I O N I N G
A B S O L U T E P O S I T I O N I N G
x1, y1 x2, y2
x3, y3
-51 dBm-48 dBm
-44 dBm
R S S I R E A L LY S O M E T H I N G S O M E T H I N G I N A C C U R AT E
N O F I LT E R
K A L M A N F I LT E R
D I S TA N C E E S T I M AT I O N
2.9198m
3.2924m
6.9365m
RSSI at 1m: -40 RSSI at 1m: -41
RSSI at 1m: -39
RSSI: -52.0243 RSSI: -47.5238
RSSI: -45.9421
T R I L AT E R AT I O N
2.9198m
3.2924m
6.9365mx1, y1 x2, y2
x3, y3
client X, client Y
S O R T O F.
C O M M E R C I A L O F F E R I N G S
i B E A C O N
W I F I F I N G E R P R I N T I N G
S O U R C E : G A M A G R O U P, D E PA R T M E N T O F C O M P U T I N G , P O LY U
M A G N E T I C F I N G E R P R I N T I N G
L I G H T B E A C O N S
Source: ByteLight
N E W A P P R O A C H E S
N AV I S E N S
P R O J E C T TA N G O
W I F I S L A MSimultaneous Localization and Mapping
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