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Historic Urban Landscapes:
New UNESCO Tool for a Sustainable Future
Vienna World Herita e Cit Center
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
P a t r i c i a M . O D o n n e l l , FA S L A , A I C PI C O M O S I F L A I S C C u l t u r a l L a n d s c a p e sI F L A C u l t u r a l L a n d s c a p e s C o m m i t t e e
H e r i t a g e L a n d s c a p e s L L CPreservation Landscape Architects & Planners
Historic Urban Landscapes: New UNESCO Tool for a Sustainable Future
Vienna World Herita e Cit Center
The Historic urban landscape is the urban area understood as a result of a historic layering of cultural and natural values and attributes, extending beyond the notion of historic center or ensemble to include the broader urban context and setting. UNESCO HUL
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
P a t r i c i a M . O D o n n e l l , FA S L A , A I C PI C O M O S I F L A I S C C u l t u r a l L a n d s c a p e sI F L A C u l t u r a l L a n d s c a p e s C o m m i t t e e
H e r i t a g e L a n d s c a p e s L L CPreservation Landscape Architects & Planners
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UNESCO Historic Urban Landscape RecommendationSt. Petersburg, a horizontal city, Courtesy Francesco Bandarin
Presentation Outline:1. Challenges of an Urban Population, Heritage, Tourism, Identity, in 21 st Century2. HUL Recommendation- d namic livin cities & inte rated chan e mana ement
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
3. Explore the HUL Tool Kit toward interdisciplinary urban heritage preservation:
Civic Engagement ToolsKnowledge & Planning ToolsRegulatory SystemsFinancial Tools
Urban Heritage Conservation Evolution
from monuments to include livin cities as cultural landsca es
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
from restoration and development to management of change and regenerationfrom expert mono-disciplinary to integrative, participatory, collaborative, partnersfrom development to sustainable urban environments, and local quality of lifeHUL from World Heritage initiative to UNESCO Recommendation for 21 st Century
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UNESCO Historic Urban Landscapes Approach
Cities revealed at night, NASA Earth
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
UNESCO Historic Urban Landscapes Approach
The Historic Urban Landscape approach aims at preserving
Cities revealed at night, NASA Earth
the quality of the human environment andenhancing the productivity of urban spaces.
It integrates the goals of urban heritage conservation with
the goals of social and economic development.
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
It is rooted in a balanced and sustainable relationshipbetween the built and natural environment.http://whc.unesco.org
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21st Century Urban Heritage PressuresGlobal urban population 50%+ results in uncontrolled growthProjection of 75% world population in cities by 2030Universal desire for healthful, vital urban environments largely unmetCity population decline & devastating losses of urban fabric and heritage
-Climate change, environmental disasters, impacts of armed conflictDegrading impacts of infrastructure, transportation upgradesGlobal competition for economic growth and tourism incomeDevelopment pressures, starchitecture, city branding
Appropriation of urban heritage for corporate gain
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
Cityscape of Oporto, P ortugal
Tourism & Heritage Urban Pressures
Choices based on Urban Heritage & Historic Urban Landscapes Authenticity is the Magnet, Unique Culture is the DrawIntegrate Resident & Visitor NeedsQuality of Place & Quality of Life
Global Competition for Tourists $Experience EconomyPersonal Choices
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
Temple of Heaven, Beijing China
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Historic Urban Landscape - Tangible ResourcesRio De J aneiro
Natural Systems, Geomorphology, Hydrology, TopographyLand Uses, Patterns, Spatial Organization, Visual Relationships
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
,Circulation & Transportation Systems
Water Features, Natural and ConstructedBuildings- Mass, Scale, Form, Details, to include InformalStructures-Bridges, Walls, TunnelsVocabulary of Urban Art, Sculpture, Site Furnishings & Objects
Intangible Heritage Residing in the Historic Urban Landscape
Traditional festivals, rituals, music, dance, performanceSpiritual worship, pilgrimage, religious celebrationIconic shared places, symbols that embody the shared urban identityPlaces of memory, marking events, joy-suffering, commemoration
r an an ex-ur an armng, prac ces, cropsRegional and local cuisine, everyday foodsTraditional arts and crafts, materials, work places
Documentation is a baseline, led by local voices & values
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
San J uan Chamula, Mayan Village, Mexico
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Tools to Address Continuity & Changein the Historic Urban Landscape
Dada Harir Vav Stepwell, India, 1500s
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
1. Civic Engagement Tools2. Knowledge and Planning Tools3. Regulatory Systems4. Financial Tools
1 HUL Civic Engagement Tools
Accessible, multi-platform urban planning vision processesPublic forums about aspects of the urban future
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
Santiago, Chile
Web based local heritage gamesUrban heritage issues web exchange blogs, chat roomsPlanning charrettes with open dialogueDocumentation projects, oral interviews and videosCommunity heritage stewardship skill development workshops
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2 HUL Knowledge and Planning ToolsDocumentation of tangible & intangible community heritageUrban viewscape mapping for building envelope height and locationPlanning for conservation of natural & cultural resourcesTargeted urban preservation, management and tourism plans
reen n ras ruc ure nowe ge app e w er age cons erePlans for shared public heritage of streets, public facilities, parks,
Holistic planning and design processes that incorporate - heritage, economy, sustainability
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
Old Havana WH City
Planning- Edinburgh Defining the Sky
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
Courtesy Hal Moggridge
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Planning- Edinburgh Defining the Sky
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
Courtesy Hal Moggridge
3 HUL Regulatory Systems incorporating HeritageZoning ordinance underpinned by urban heritage databaseConservation easement lawHistoric district commission lawTraditional and customary systems, indigenous peoplesLegislated climate change targetsTree protection ordinanceUrban viewscape controls (Edinburgh example)Multi-purpose overlay districts, for economy, heritage, aestheticsLegislation specifically addressing urban heritage stewardship/management
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
Lake Como
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Vote for Conservation Fund TaxationCharlotte, Vermont on Lake Champlain, Population 4,500
Citizens Voted to approve Conservation Tax Fund LegislationSmall Town Land TrustPrivate Donations Add to Financial BasePurchase, Resale, EasementsShared Values of Scenic & Agricultural LandscapeMultiple Parcels Conserved with Easements & Partnerships
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
Charlotte Vermont Community Conservation Map
4 HUL Financial Tool ExamplesPublic Capital Improvements - Current ARRA Funding National Mall ProjectPrivate Public Partnership targeted funding for Urban HeritageHeritage Property Donation, Purchase, Conservation Easements, TDR, etc.Revolving Loan Funds addressing Historic Structures
ran rograms or r an nang e an ang e er age c onsTaxation Laws Favoring Preservation InvestmentsPrivate Building and Property MaintenanceOngoing Public Maintenance Staffing & Budgets
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
USA National Mall, Washington DC
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NYC Green Infrastructure FundingGreen Infrastructure Commitment
New York, Chicago, PhiladelphiaFunding for bioswales
Averts costly combined sewer workInfiltrates water Quells urban heat islandRecaptures traditional street pattern
Acce table mana ed chan e
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
Eliminate 1.5 B/gal/yr sewer
2012-100 R-O-W Bioswales$2.4 B public/private - 18 years
HUL Example: Historic Charleston SC, USA
80 Y ears of Guided Community C hange
In Conclusionexam les of HULalready in place
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
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HUL Example: Historic Charleston SC, USA80 Y ears of Guided Community C hange
In Conclusion
All Four Groups of Tools Employed:Engage Plan Regulate Finance+1931 First USA Historic District1947 Historic Charleston Founded
already in place- ,
1962-66 Threatened Buildings Acquired, District Expansion1968 Broad Street Project trees, buried power, signage, building color scheme1974 Historic Preservation Plan & Comprehensive Inventory 2,288 buildings1983 Restoration of Charlestons oldest graveyard1987 700-acre Mulberry Plantation purchased for conservation resale
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
, ,1994 US DOE award for weatherization of 100 low-income homes
1999-2002 NRHP nomination for 30,000 acres Cooper River Properties2004 Charleston Antique Show begins, earned income2010 Charleston Green Plan, integrates Preservation & Sustainability
UNESCO Historic Urban Landscape Approach
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
Festival Fatehpur Sikri , India
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UNESCO Historic Urban Landscape ApproachHUL broadens the framework for our global commonwealth of urban heritage,
through recognition that tangible and intangible heritage is valued for differingreasons and motivations by residents, tourists, politicians, employers, municipalgovernments, developers and the preservation community.HUL approach is collaboration for all urban heritage, capacity building, research,information, communication & action.Stewardship of urban heritage as a shared integrative undertaking, affirmingthat diverse heritage as a sustainable element of the future.Thank you
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA
Festival Fatehpur Sikri , India
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