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    Historic Urban Landscapes:

    New UNESCO Tool for a Sustainable Future

    Vienna World Herita e Cit Center

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    P a t r i c i a M . O D o n n e l l , FA S L A , A I C PI C O M O S I F L A I S C C u l t u r a l L a n d s c a p e sI F L A C u l t u r a l L a n d s c a p e s C o m m i t t e e

    H e r i t a g e L a n d s c a p e s L L CPreservation Landscape Architects & Planners

    Historic Urban Landscapes: New UNESCO Tool for a Sustainable Future

    Vienna World Herita e Cit Center

    The Historic urban landscape is the urban area understood as a result of a historic layering of cultural and natural values and attributes, extending beyond the notion of historic center or ensemble to include the broader urban context and setting. UNESCO HUL

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    P a t r i c i a M . O D o n n e l l , FA S L A , A I C PI C O M O S I F L A I S C C u l t u r a l L a n d s c a p e sI F L A C u l t u r a l L a n d s c a p e s C o m m i t t e e

    H e r i t a g e L a n d s c a p e s L L CPreservation Landscape Architects & Planners

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    UNESCO Historic Urban Landscape RecommendationSt. Petersburg, a horizontal city, Courtesy Francesco Bandarin

    Presentation Outline:1. Challenges of an Urban Population, Heritage, Tourism, Identity, in 21 st Century2. HUL Recommendation- d namic livin cities & inte rated chan e mana ement

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    3. Explore the HUL Tool Kit toward interdisciplinary urban heritage preservation:

    Civic Engagement ToolsKnowledge & Planning ToolsRegulatory SystemsFinancial Tools

    Urban Heritage Conservation Evolution

    from monuments to include livin cities as cultural landsca es

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    from restoration and development to management of change and regenerationfrom expert mono-disciplinary to integrative, participatory, collaborative, partnersfrom development to sustainable urban environments, and local quality of lifeHUL from World Heritage initiative to UNESCO Recommendation for 21 st Century

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    UNESCO Historic Urban Landscapes Approach

    Cities revealed at night, NASA Earth

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    UNESCO Historic Urban Landscapes Approach

    The Historic Urban Landscape approach aims at preserving

    Cities revealed at night, NASA Earth

    the quality of the human environment andenhancing the productivity of urban spaces.

    It integrates the goals of urban heritage conservation with

    the goals of social and economic development.

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    It is rooted in a balanced and sustainable relationshipbetween the built and natural environment.http://whc.unesco.org

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    21st Century Urban Heritage PressuresGlobal urban population 50%+ results in uncontrolled growthProjection of 75% world population in cities by 2030Universal desire for healthful, vital urban environments largely unmetCity population decline & devastating losses of urban fabric and heritage

    -Climate change, environmental disasters, impacts of armed conflictDegrading impacts of infrastructure, transportation upgradesGlobal competition for economic growth and tourism incomeDevelopment pressures, starchitecture, city branding

    Appropriation of urban heritage for corporate gain

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    Cityscape of Oporto, P ortugal

    Tourism & Heritage Urban Pressures

    Choices based on Urban Heritage & Historic Urban Landscapes Authenticity is the Magnet, Unique Culture is the DrawIntegrate Resident & Visitor NeedsQuality of Place & Quality of Life

    Global Competition for Tourists $Experience EconomyPersonal Choices

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    Temple of Heaven, Beijing China

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    Historic Urban Landscape - Tangible ResourcesRio De J aneiro

    Natural Systems, Geomorphology, Hydrology, TopographyLand Uses, Patterns, Spatial Organization, Visual Relationships

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    ,Circulation & Transportation Systems

    Water Features, Natural and ConstructedBuildings- Mass, Scale, Form, Details, to include InformalStructures-Bridges, Walls, TunnelsVocabulary of Urban Art, Sculpture, Site Furnishings & Objects

    Intangible Heritage Residing in the Historic Urban Landscape

    Traditional festivals, rituals, music, dance, performanceSpiritual worship, pilgrimage, religious celebrationIconic shared places, symbols that embody the shared urban identityPlaces of memory, marking events, joy-suffering, commemoration

    r an an ex-ur an armng, prac ces, cropsRegional and local cuisine, everyday foodsTraditional arts and crafts, materials, work places

    Documentation is a baseline, led by local voices & values

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    San J uan Chamula, Mayan Village, Mexico

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    Tools to Address Continuity & Changein the Historic Urban Landscape

    Dada Harir Vav Stepwell, India, 1500s

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    1. Civic Engagement Tools2. Knowledge and Planning Tools3. Regulatory Systems4. Financial Tools

    1 HUL Civic Engagement Tools

    Accessible, multi-platform urban planning vision processesPublic forums about aspects of the urban future

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    Santiago, Chile

    Web based local heritage gamesUrban heritage issues web exchange blogs, chat roomsPlanning charrettes with open dialogueDocumentation projects, oral interviews and videosCommunity heritage stewardship skill development workshops

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    2 HUL Knowledge and Planning ToolsDocumentation of tangible & intangible community heritageUrban viewscape mapping for building envelope height and locationPlanning for conservation of natural & cultural resourcesTargeted urban preservation, management and tourism plans

    reen n ras ruc ure nowe ge app e w er age cons erePlans for shared public heritage of streets, public facilities, parks,

    Holistic planning and design processes that incorporate - heritage, economy, sustainability

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    Old Havana WH City

    Planning- Edinburgh Defining the Sky

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    Courtesy Hal Moggridge

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    Planning- Edinburgh Defining the Sky

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    Courtesy Hal Moggridge

    3 HUL Regulatory Systems incorporating HeritageZoning ordinance underpinned by urban heritage databaseConservation easement lawHistoric district commission lawTraditional and customary systems, indigenous peoplesLegislated climate change targetsTree protection ordinanceUrban viewscape controls (Edinburgh example)Multi-purpose overlay districts, for economy, heritage, aestheticsLegislation specifically addressing urban heritage stewardship/management

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    Lake Como

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    Vote for Conservation Fund TaxationCharlotte, Vermont on Lake Champlain, Population 4,500

    Citizens Voted to approve Conservation Tax Fund LegislationSmall Town Land TrustPrivate Donations Add to Financial BasePurchase, Resale, EasementsShared Values of Scenic & Agricultural LandscapeMultiple Parcels Conserved with Easements & Partnerships

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    Charlotte Vermont Community Conservation Map

    4 HUL Financial Tool ExamplesPublic Capital Improvements - Current ARRA Funding National Mall ProjectPrivate Public Partnership targeted funding for Urban HeritageHeritage Property Donation, Purchase, Conservation Easements, TDR, etc.Revolving Loan Funds addressing Historic Structures

    ran rograms or r an nang e an ang e er age c onsTaxation Laws Favoring Preservation InvestmentsPrivate Building and Property MaintenanceOngoing Public Maintenance Staffing & Budgets

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    USA National Mall, Washington DC

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    NYC Green Infrastructure FundingGreen Infrastructure Commitment

    New York, Chicago, PhiladelphiaFunding for bioswales

    Averts costly combined sewer workInfiltrates water Quells urban heat islandRecaptures traditional street pattern

    Acce table mana ed chan e

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    Eliminate 1.5 B/gal/yr sewer

    2012-100 R-O-W Bioswales$2.4 B public/private - 18 years

    HUL Example: Historic Charleston SC, USA

    80 Y ears of Guided Community C hange

    In Conclusionexam les of HULalready in place

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

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    HUL Example: Historic Charleston SC, USA80 Y ears of Guided Community C hange

    In Conclusion

    All Four Groups of Tools Employed:Engage Plan Regulate Finance+1931 First USA Historic District1947 Historic Charleston Founded

    already in place- ,

    1962-66 Threatened Buildings Acquired, District Expansion1968 Broad Street Project trees, buried power, signage, building color scheme1974 Historic Preservation Plan & Comprehensive Inventory 2,288 buildings1983 Restoration of Charlestons oldest graveyard1987 700-acre Mulberry Plantation purchased for conservation resale

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    , ,1994 US DOE award for weatherization of 100 low-income homes

    1999-2002 NRHP nomination for 30,000 acres Cooper River Properties2004 Charleston Antique Show begins, earned income2010 Charleston Green Plan, integrates Preservation & Sustainability

    UNESCO Historic Urban Landscape Approach

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    Festival Fatehpur Sikri , India

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    UNESCO Historic Urban Landscape ApproachHUL broadens the framework for our global commonwealth of urban heritage,

    through recognition that tangible and intangible heritage is valued for differingreasons and motivations by residents, tourists, politicians, employers, municipalgovernments, developers and the preservation community.HUL approach is collaboration for all urban heritage, capacity building, research,information, communication & action.Stewardship of urban heritage as a shared integrative undertaking, affirmingthat diverse heritage as a sustainable element of the future.Thank you

    Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL Patricia M. ODonnell, FASLA, AICP, ICOMOS, IFLA

    Festival Fatehpur Sikri , India