GSM BASED ENERGY METER READING SYSTEM AND LOAD CONTROL VIA SMS
K.Kiran Kumar(14HU5A0202)P.V.sai teja(13HU1A0209)D.tejaswini(13HU1A0205)K.Lakshmi(13HU1A0206) GUIDE A.VIJAY KRISHNA
CONTENTES1…..
ABSTRACT2…..
BLOCKDIAGRAM3…..
HARD WARE COMPONENTS 8051 MICRO CONTROLLER GSM MODEM LCD LED RESISTORS CAPACITORS
TRANSFORMERS RELAY REGULATOR ENERGY METER LAMP DIODES
4…. SOFT WARE COMPONENTS KEIL COMPLAIER EMBEDED C
5…. CONCLUSION
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The main objective of the project is to develop a GSM based energy meter reading system and load control through SMS. Electricity department sends employees to take meter reading every month, which is an expensive and time consuming job.
The proposed project provides a convenient and efficient method to avoid this problem. The electricity department and the user can get the readings of the energy meter of consumers via SMS. The loads can also be controlled by the user of this system via SMS using this project.
A microcontroller input is effectively interfaced to a digital energy meter that takes the reading from the energy meter and displays the same on an LCD. The reading of the energy meter is also sent to the control room by an SMS via SIM loaded GSM modem.
This GSM modem can also receive commands from the cell phone to control the owner’s electrical loads. It uses a standard digital energy meter that delivers output pulses to the microcontroller to perform counting for necessary action. On receiving command it can switch ON/OFF the lOAD
BLOCK DIAGRAM
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
8051 MICROCONTROLLER GSM MODEM LCD LED RESISTORS CAPACITORS DIODES TRANSFORMER REGULATOR RELAY ENERGYMETER LAMP
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
KEIL COMPILER EMBEDED C
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
ENERGY METER:
• An energy or electric meter is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy consumed by a residence, business, or an electrically-powered device.• Electric meters are typically calibrated in billing
units, the most common one being the kilowatt hour.
MICROCONTROLLER:
• AT89S51• It is a smaller computer• Has on-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...
RAM ROM
I/O Port
TimerSerial COM Port
Microcontroller
CPU
A single chip
Features of AT89S51/52:
Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles
4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
Fully Static Operating at frequency: 0 Hz to 33 MHz
128 bits Internal RAM (Data Memory)
Rom 4 KB (Program memory)
32 Programmable I/O Lines
Three 16-bit Timer/Counters
Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode
It contains 16 bit address buses
It is 40 pin dual in package
PIN DIAGRAM OF AT89S51:
• 40 Pin IC• 4 Ports• 32 Programmable I/O Lines
230 V AC 50 Hz
Bridge rectifier
Filter(470µf)
5v Regulator
5V DC
12V step down transformer
POWER SUPPLY:
SERIAL COMMUNICATION• used for all long-haul communication• Cables that carry serial data• RS232 carries serial data in between micro controller
and MODEM through DB9 connector
MAX 232:The MAX232 is an integrated circuit that converts signals from an RS-232serial port to signals suitable for use in TTL compatible digital logic circuits.
The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver and typically converts the RX, TX, CTS and RTS signals .
When a MAX232 IC receives a TTL level to convert, it changes a TTL Logic 0 to between +3 and +15V, and changes TTL Logic 1 to between -3 to -15V, and vice versa for converting from RS232 to TTL.
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to mechanically operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as solid-state relays.Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal.
Relays with calibrated operating characteristics and sometimes multiple operating coils are used to protect electrical circuits from overload or faults
RELAY:
GSM COMMUNICATION
The term GSM usually means the GSM standard and protocols in the frequency spectrum around 900MHz.
Mobile Station: The MS is the physical equipment used by a subscriber, most often a normal hand-held cellular telephone.
Base transceiver station:The BTS comprises the radio transmission and reception devices, and also manages the signal processing related to the air interface.
GSM MODEM:A GSM modem is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card, and operates over a subscription to a mobile operator, just like a mobile phone. From the mobile operator perspective, a GSM modem looks just like a mobile phone.When a GSM modem is connected to a computer, this allows the computer to use the GSM modem to communicate over the mobile network. While these GSM modems are most frequently used to provide mobile internet connectivity, many of them can also be used for sending and receiving SMS and MMS messages.
IR LED:
An IR LED, also known as IR transmitter, is a special purpose
LED that transmits infrared rays in the range of 760 nm
wavelength.
The appearance is same as a common LED. Since the human eye
cannot see the infrared radiations.
The camera can show us the IR rays being emanated from the IR
LED in a circuit.
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD):
Most common LCDs connected to the microcontrollers are 16x2
and 20x2 displays.
This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and 20 characters per
line by 2 lines, respectively.
DISPLAY UNIT
LCD BACKGROUND:If an 8-bit data bus is used the LCD will require 11 data lines (3 control lines plus the 8 lines for the data bus)The three control lines are referred to as EN, RS, and RWEN=Enable (used to tell the LCD that you are sending it data)RS=Register Select (When RS is low (0), data is treated as a command) (When RS is High(1), data being sent is text data )R/W=Read/Write (When RW is low (0), the data written to the LCD) (When RW is high (1), the data reading to the LCD)
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
Keil an ARM Company makes C compilers, macro assemblers,
real-time kernels, debuggers, simulators, integrated environments,
evaluation boards, and emulators for ARM7/ARM9/Cortex-M3,
XC16x/C16x/ST10, 251, and 8051 MCU families.
Compilers are programs used to convert a High Level Language
to object code. Desktop compilers produce an output object code for
the underlying microprocessor, but not for other microprocessors
KEIL COMPILER:
SNAP SHOT:
MERITS:1]By adopting this we can avoid illegal usage of current2]continuous monitoring of ac load as per our requirement either ON (or)OFF3]There is not need of sending any member to come to our houses for billing 4]we can generate instant billing in fixed interval of time