From demolition to high-grade recoveryPARADE webinar series:
Best Practices for Pre-demolition Audits
Webinar 3: 26 September 2019
Webinar “do and don´t”
• Feel free to ask questions during the presentations by using chat in the right corner below
• Q & A and discussion at the end
Welcome!• Goal of PARADE project:
• developing life-long education materials on best
practice for predemolition audit for improving C&D
management (safe recycling), preventing unnecessary
waste, maximizing value/sustainable use
• This is the third webinar on pre-demolition audits with a focus on reuse and high-grade recycling
Reuse
• Use as such
• Value increases in case of:1. Antiquity (e.g. hand-moulded bricks)
2. Authencity/scarcity (e.g. materials of which the production stopped)
3. High aesthetics (e.g. decorated mantelpieces)
4. A good condition of the materials
5. High value of the primary material (e.g. marble)
6. Modular and easily dismantlable materials (e.g. slates or roof tiles)
7. Components that are sold in series
www.opalis.be
Reuse: tiles, clay bricks
• Tiles: slate, clay
• Lime mortar
• Hand-moulded
• Mainly decorative (not structural)
Good practice: REBRICK (http://www.gamlemursten.eu/)
Reuse: pavers, cobblestones, curbs, tiles
• Sand-filled joints
• Natural stone and clay pavers
• Examples: bluestone, granite
www.rotordc.com
Reuse: cast iron, wrought iron
• Spiral stairs
• Radiators
• Bathtubs
• Fences and gates
www.antiekeradiatoren.nl
Reuse: wood
• Hardwood
• Oak, beech, chestnut
• Flooring, barnwood, ships
• Beams can be sawn into planks
• Hazardous substances: creosote, CCA
Kaap Skil
Stony fraction
• Mostly recycled in road base or foundation layers
• Wanted materials:• Concrete, mortar• Natural aggregates and stone• Bricks and tiles• Calcium silicate blocks
• Unwanted materials:• Low strength• Water-soluble• Floating• Unwanted reactions with cement
PTV 406Mixed aggregates
Rg <2%
X <1%
Fl <5 g/cm³
Stony fraction: recycled aggregates
• Concrete aggregate (grey)
• Mixed aggregate
• Masonry aggregate (red)
• Asphalt aggregate
Stony fraction: concrete-to concrete
• Pure fraction: concrete, mortar, natural stone and aggregates
• Prior thorough dismantling of constructions is necessary
EN 15-001Type A+
Replacement rate <50%
Rc >90%
Rcu >95%
Ra <1%
XRg <0.5%
Fl<2 g/cm³
(<0.2 g/cm³)*
Stony fraction: asphalt-to-asphalt
• No tar
• Recycling percentages typically up to 50%-70%
• Significant energy and environmental savings
MaterialsEN 13108-8Category F1
EN 13108-8Category F5
Group 1 Concrete, bricks, cement mortar, metal <1% <5%
Group 2 Wood, plastics, synthetic materials <0.1% <0.1%
Metals
• Well-established scrap collection and recycling
• Concrete reinforcement bars
• Steel columns and bars
• Aluminium window profiles
• Electric wiring
• Piping
• Lead: e.g. waterproofing layers
Glass
• Watch out for:• Laminated glass (e.g. Bullet-proof glass)
• Coloured glass
• Mirrors
http://www.vgi-fiv.be/environnement-et-energie/le-recyclage/
Wood
• Recycling in chipboards
• Energy recovery• Wood products from chipped wood• Chipboards, fibreboards• Oriented Strand Boards (OSB)
• Hazardous wood• Creosote• CCA-wood
Gypsum
• NO autoclaved aerated concrete
• Paper recycling
• Major recyclers:• New West Gypsum
• Gypsum Recycling International
• www.gypsumtogypsum.org
Autoclaved aerated concrete• Closed-loop recycling: mostly construction waste
• Open-loop*• Sand replacement in floor screeds and cement-stabilised sand
• Non-structural concrete
• Tolerates other stony materials
• NO gypsum
*More information: Bergmans et al. (2016), Recycling of autoclaved aerated concrete in floor screeds: Sulfate leaching reduction by ettringite formation. Construction and Building Materials.
Bituminous roofing
• NO tar
• Closed-loop recycling• Homogenous layers
• Separable from its substructure
• Open-loop recycling: bitumen binder in asphalt layers• Life+ project: from roof to road
• CE-marked recycled bitumen: Roof2Road (NL), Tarpaper (DK)
• Also feasible for carpet bitumen backing
www.tarpaper.eu
Inorganic insulation
• Closed-loop recycling• Separate collection of glass wool and stone wool
• Mostly construction waste
• Open-loop recycling• Raw material in the production of clay-fired bricks (flux)
• Stone wool, glass wool, foam glass
www.isover.fr
Plastics
• Thermoplastics• PVC, PP, PE, PS, PC
• Become pliable/moldable at a certain elevated temperature
• Generally recyclable
• Thermosettings plastics (thermoharders)• PUR, polyester
• Irreversibly hardened by curing
• Recycling is technologically difficult
Plastics: recycling
• PVC: window frames, pipes, cables, flooring
• PP: piping, carpets, waterproofing layers
• PE: piping, plastic lumber
• EPS: insulation
• Polyamides: carpets
www.deceuninck.be
Final remarks
• Selective demolition logistics• Containers
• Distance to recovery options
• Local industrial symbiosis
• Construction practices:• Design to dissassembly
• Foams, glues
• Composites
Seminar, November 19th, Brussels
• Pre-demolition audit for a circular economy
• Bring together stakeholders from along the value chain• Demolition companies
• End-users of construction materials,
• Consultants
• Scientists from universities and research organizations
• Public authorities
• Further information: [email protected]
Project webpage:
https://www.vtt.fi/sites/PARADE/
Thank you!