Dengue Fever(Pronounced as Dhen Gey)
Facts we all need to knowby
Dr.R.V.S.N.Sarma., M.D.,
Alternative Names
Onyong- Nyang Fever West Nile Fever Break Bone Fever Dengue like Disease
Inter play of three factors
WE
The Virus The Mosquito
Interaction
The Virus
Dengue Virus
The Dengue Virus
Four types (flavours) Type 1 to 4 (named very cleverly) Transmitted by mosquito –
Indian national airliner for most germs!
Dengue Virus
Electron Micrograms
The Aircraft for Dengue
Difficult name to pronounce?
We have to ask its parents (Zoologists)
Aedes aegypti(Infected Female Mosquito)
mostly females are
dangerous anyway – joking!
Watch out ! This Mosquito
Day biting – normally catches us unaware Loves / lives in fresh water in homes Lays eggs preferentially in jars, discarded
containers, coconut shells, old tires etc. Year round breeding Tropical regions like our mother India are
its favorite zones. It is an urban mosquito
The Aircraft (Aedes aegypti)
This special mosquito
Transmits
Many
Dangerous
illnesses
See our greatness!
Prevalent from centuries Highly prevalent now
Dengue Fever
Dengue viruses – 4 flavours cause it It is transmitted by a mosquito- the
Aedes aegypti It is generally an animal virus Man is accidentally infected Other vertebrates are the reservoirs
Dengue Transmission Cycle
Dengue colourful features!
Clinical Features
Dengue Presentations
Like any other viral fever- not clear cut Dengue Fever with Muscle pains
this is classical presentation in 90% cases
Dengue Fever with bleeding in 7% Dengue – the dangerous form in 3%
Bleeding from where?
Bleeding into skin From Gums From Nose Into our food passages Blood in urine
What do we experience ?
2–7 days after the mosquito had its dinner on us we may develop
Sudden onset of fever, chills, headache Back pain with severe muscle and joint pains Pain behind the eyes and on moving the eyes Nick name - Break bone fever- pains so severe Red patches or spots on the skin Mild nose bleeds
This is the ordinary classical Non dangerous form!
What is the end result?
Complete recovery is the rule Severe weakness many persist for
many days after the fever leaves us
Skin bleeds
Dengue – The bleeding form
Blood vessels are affected There is severe oozing into tissues Bleeding into all possible parts of body Blood clotting mechanism is disrupted Blood pressure falls and many end in
collapse and death In the best centers 5% of this type of
Dengue will reach their forefathers
Bleeding into the eye
Large bleed into skin
Bleeding spots in skin
Dengue
Normal
Rare types of Dengue
Brain fever Liver damage Heart damage Severe bleeding
into stomach
What are the tests needed?
Routine blood test Tests to check the clotting process Special tests to identify the Dengue
or its foot marks in our blood Urine to check protein leak
Special Test (ELISA)
ELISA Plate IgM-capture ELISA
Treatment of Dengue
Supportive measures – Mosquito screen Avoid Aspirin and pain killers Steroids should not be used Plenty of water and salt are required Children below 12 require careful watch
for dangerous form No antibiotics are of proven value
Child with severe form of Dengue
Oxygen
IV Fluids
Special Care
See the tubes every where
Frightening, isn’t it?
Common Misconceptions
Severe Dengue is only a childhood illness –
No, All ages may be involved
Sever form is a problem of poor families – No, The effluent do get very sick
Can we protect ourselves?
There is no vaccine available as yet But we can prevent the disease by
preventing ourselves from mosquito bite
Mosquito Control
How to prevent mosquito spread?1. Do not allow empty vessels,
coconut shells, plastic containers, flower pots, tires etc to collect rain water in them
2. Frequently (once in 2-3 days) empty all water storage containers
3. Cover your over tanks to prevent mosquitoes breeding in fresh water
How to prevent mosquito bites?
Screen your homes with mosquito screens like Netlon -
Wear full clothing – long sleeves Apply mosquito repellents like Odomos Keep Dengue fever patient under
mosquito net True community participation is key
Each person is a Book ! Each Day is a Learning Opportunity!! Learning has More Relevance
today than ever !!!
We need to learn
Reach Yours Sincerely @
Dr.SARMA RVSN Voice : +91-4116-2309226, 260593 Mobile : +91- 93805 21221 E-mail : [email protected] Web site : http://www.drsarma.in Snail mail : 3, Jayanagar, Tiruvallur
Tamilnadu, INDIAPin : 602 001
Thank You !