Rīgas Tehniskā universitāte
Enerģētikas un elektrotehnikas fakultāte
Vides aizsardzības un siltuma sistēmu institūtswww.videszinatne.lv
Renewables vs Fossil
Fuels
Dr. Dagnija Blumberga profesor,
Director of Institute of Energy Systems and Environment
Dr. Andra Blumberga profesor,
Riga Technical University
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Development of Energy Sector in Latvia
Share of renewable energy resources in 2020
EU 20%
Latvia 40%
Is it possible for Latvia ro reach target?
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RES target for Latvia (info: Ministry of Economy
December,2009)
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Kopējā PER piegāde
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
2007 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
GW
h
elektroenerģija
bioetanols un biodīzeļdegviela
citi resursi (salmi,kūdra)
naftas produkti un degakmens eļļa
ogles (ietver koksu un nolietotās
riepas)
dabasgāze
biogāze
koksne
Primary Energy use. Alternative Scenario
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Development of Latvian energy sector. Alternative 1.
Investments in
Natural gas power station
400 MW + 400 MW + ...
or
Coal power station
400 MW
or
Nuclear power station
???
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Development of Latvian energy sector.Alternative 2
Investments in
Energy efficiency improvements
Development of renewable energy resources:
Biomass cogeneration
120 MWe + 5 cities * 50 MWe
Wind energy
1000 MWe offshore
500 MWe onshore
Replacement of natural gas installations in DH
and decentralised systems
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Some economical calculation
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Some Economical Calculations for RES today
Data from Latvenergo (published B&B 05/05/2010) about green energy additional costs
Market price
21 (28) Ls/MWh
Higher tariff than market price of electricity
70 Ls/MWh -21 (28) Ls/MWh = 49 (42) Ls/MWh
Paid green energy in 2009
150 000 MWh/year
Total exceeded payment for green energy
49 (42) Ls/MWh * 150 000 MWh/year = 7,35 (6,36) million Ls/year
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Some Economical Calculations. Alternative 1
Costs for RTEC 2 -2 step (with no heat load for DH system in Riga). No data available from Latvenergo
Investments costs 35 million Ls/year
July 2012 fuel costs 55 Ls/MWhe + 85 Ls/MWh + x/MWhe = 140 Ls/MWhe + 20 Ls/MWh
Market price
21 (28) Ls/MWh
Higher tariff than market price of electricity
160 - 21 (28) = 139 (132) Ls/MWh
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Comparison of electricity purchase tariffs
Large natural gas power stations has
uppermost support in Latvia ~ 160 Ls/MWh
Larger natural gas power stations 400 MWe has
higher support than smaler cogeneration
RES –E from biomass power station has less
support ~ 100 Ls/MWh than large natural gas
power station
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Some Economical Calculations. Alternative 1
Import increases: Natural gas use costs
RTEC 2 -1step 18 000 000 – 144 000 000 Ls/year
RTEC 2 -2step 22 000 000 – 176 000 000 Ls/year
Greenhouse gases increase
RTEC 2 -1step 1,6 million – 12,8 milion t CO2/year
RTEC 2 -2step 1,6 million – 12,8 milion t CO2/year
In 20 years Latvia will pay for import of natural gas
for 2 RTEC -2
6 - 8 bilion Ls
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Heat energy tariffs
Apstiprinātie Latvijas pilsētu siltumtarifi 2008./2009. apkures sezonā, bez PVN
Sarkans - koģenerācija, zaļš - šķelda, pārējie - pamatā dabasgāze vai cits kurināmais
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
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Some Economical Calculations. Alternative 2
Biomass use
New jobs 100 000 jobs/year
Local fuel 10 Ls/MWh (natural gas 35 Ls/MWh)
Development of local technologies - taxes 10 – 100
million Ls
Less tariffs for energy
Wind energy use
Solar Energy
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What is going on with RES in Latvija
From system dynamic analysis it is easy to explain
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STRESSALCOHOL
SPORTS
DEPENDANCEdelay
short term
solution
long term
solution
delay2
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ENERGY
CONSUMPTION
NATURAL GAS RENEWABLE
ENERGY SOURCES
DEPENDANCEdelay
short term
solution
long term
solution
delay2
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ENERGY
CONSUMPTION
NATURAL GAS RENEWABLE
ENERGY SOURCES
DEPENDANCEdelay
short term
solution
long term
solution
delay2
misinformation
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laiks
Enerģijas patēriņš
Dabas gāze
Atjaunojamie energoresursi
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EU target possible is to reach if
to change state energy policy
to increase energy efficiency
to increase share of
biomass in electricity and heat energy production
wind energy production
to support only efficient renewable energy
resources (no support for fossil fuel)
to start solar energy use
To renew small scale hydropower stations
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Changes in legislation
Changes in state support for fossil electricity:
No payment for installed capacity for fossil fuel power
stations
To avoid low efficiency operation of power stations
including in tariffs
Changes in regulation of tariffs: bussiness
approach
Sustainable energy development - energy plans
of municipalities
.....
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Influence of RES Policy (info: Ministry of Economy
December,2009)
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More information
RTU Institute of Energy Systems and
Environment
Kronvalda bulvaris 1
LV-1010, Riga, Latvia
Tel.: +371 – 67089 - 908
Fax: +371 – 67089 - 908
E-Mail: [email protected]
Web: www.videszinatne.lv