INTRODUCTION TO
AQUATIC BIOTECHNOLOGY
THE USE OF LIVING MARINE (AQUATIC) RESOURCHES AT (ECO)SYSTEM, CONCEPT, ORGANISM OR MOLECULAR LEVEL TO PROVIDE BENEFICIAL SOLUTION
INTRODUCTION TO
AQUATIC BIOTECHNOLOGY
• Increasing the world’s food supply
• Improving seafood safety and quality
• Identifying novel compounds for the benefit of human health and medical treatments
• Seeking new approaches to monitor and treat disease
• Bioprocessing• Restoring and protecting
marine ecosystems
AQUATICULTURE
DEFINITION: RERARING OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS UNDER CONTROLLED OR SEMI CONTROLLED CONDITIONS
AQUATICULTURE
What Can We Grow?
• Food—finfish, crustaceans,
mollusks, frogs, algae
• Baitfish—fathead minnow,
golden shiner
• Sportfish—bass, bluegill,
walleye
• Ornamentals—tilapia, goby,
• Feeder fish —goldfish,
shiner, minnow
• Biological supply houses
AQUATICULTUREPhases of Aquaculture
Broodstock
Management
Hatchery
Production
Nursery
Production
Grow-out
Harvest &
Market
MOLECULAR GENETIC OF AQUATIC ORGANISM
Class of polypeptides produced by certain vertebrates,
plants, fungi and bacteria that permit their survival in subzero
environments. AFPs bind to small ice crystals to inhibit growth
and recrystallization of ice that would otherwise be fatal.
Antifreeze proteins (AFPs)
pleuronectes americanus Nothen cod
MOLECULAR GENETIC OF AQUATIC ORGANISM
“GREEN GENES”
• Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)• Produced bright green glow when
exposed to ultraviolet light• A way for fish and other organism
to find each other in dark environment
• Used for making unique REPORTER GENE (to detect expresion gene of interest)
aequorea victoria
MEDICAL AND NON MEDICAL APPLICATION
CALCITONIN
Thyroid hormone that
stimulates calcium uptake
and bone calcification and
inhibits bone digesting cell
Osteoporosis
Ex: Salmon
MEDICAL AND NON MEDICAL APPLICATION
SQUALAMINE
A STEROID
POTENT ANTIFUNGAL
AGENT THAT CAN USED
FOR TREAT LIFE AIDS AND
CANCER PATIENTS
EX: SQUALUS ACANTHIAS
MEDICAL AND NON MEDICAL APPLICATION
ANTI- ANGIOGENESIS
FORMATION OF BLOOD
VESSEL
ANGIOGENESIS- A
PROCESS THAT REQUIRED
FOR GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT MANY
TUMORS
EX: SQUALUS ACANTHIAS
MEDICAL AND NON MEDICAL APPLICATION
LIMULUS AMOEBOCYTE LYSATE (LAL) TEST
Extract of blood cell from
horse shoe
Detect bacterial endotoxin
EX: Horse shoe
(L.polyphemus)
MEDICAL AND NON MEDICAL APPLICATION
POTPOURRI PRODUCT
carrageenan
Toohpaste
Cosmetic
Food and snack
Thermus Aquaticus
Thermotolerant bacteria
Heat stable enzyme
Salt resistant