Immune System
CNA 2 OSBN Curriculum
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jGy52oyF77w
ImmunityProtection from Disease2 Types
◦Specific◦Non-Specific
Specialized Cells◦Antibodies◦Antigens
WBC’s
Abnormal Rxn Increased SensitivitySubstances
◦Allergens◦Medications◦Blood Transfusion
Pt. is Allergic
Hypersensitivity
Rash Itching Watery Eyes Diaphoresis SOB/Dyspnes Larynx Swelling
◦ Hoarseness Low BP, Irreg Pulse ANAPHYLATIC RXN= MEDICAL
EMERGENCY!!!!
Observation & Reporting
Report Abnormals to NurseDo Not Leave Pt. in DistressCall for Help
◦RRT (Rapid Response Team)◦Code
CNA2 Actions
Chronic AutoimmuneMultiple Joint InflammationCan be Crippling
Rheumatoid Arthritis: RA
http://www.medcomrn.com/dev/flash/flvplayer/movie.php?movie=http://ss1.medcomrn.com/flv/m253c_sec03_300k.flv&title=&detectflash=false&detectflash=false
Joints ◦Pain/Stiffness◦Lost Shape◦Lost Motion◦Worsens w/over-use
FatigueDifficulty w/ADLs
Observation & Reporting
Heat/Cold as Directed by NursePlan Care w/RxsGood Body AlignmentFrequent Rest PeriodsSafety MeasuresReport Abnormals to Nurse
CNA 2 Actions
AKA: ImmunocompromisedWeakened Immune SystemLow WBCsHigh Risk PatientsProtective Isolation
Immunosuppressed
Early Dx & Tx Common:
◦ Lung◦ Breast/Prostate◦ Colon◦ Skin
Risk Factors◦ Environmental◦ Lifestyle◦ Stress◦ Obesity◦ Smoking/Chewing◦ Diet
Cancer
Not CancerDon’t SpreadMay be Dangerous
Tumors: Benign
Lipoma
Chondroma
LeiomyomaPituitary Adenoma
Uncontrollable Growth InvasionMetastasis
Tumors: Malignant
Melanoma
Change in Bowel/BladderConstant Sore ThroatUnusual Bleeding/DischargeLump/ThickeningDifficulty SwallowingChanges in Mole/WartNagging Cough
Early Signs
SurgeryChemotherapyRadiationBiological TherapyHyperthermia
Primary Treatments
Chemotherapy
Abnormal VSBleedingDiarrheaN/VEarly fatigueConfusion
Observation & Reporting
S&S of BleedingStomatitisReport Abnormals to NursePain Relief MeasuresAdequate: Rest/Fluids/NutritionSkin CareEmotional SupportActive Listening
CNA 2 Actions
HIV/Hepitishttp://www.medcomrn.com/dev/flash/flvplayer/movie.php?movie=http://ss1.medcomrn.com/flv/up100wa_sec02_300k.flv&title=&detectflash=false
Blood Borne Infections
Inflammation Infection
◦ Viral◦ Toxin◦ Drugs
Mild-Life-Threatening Acute or Chronic Many Types
◦A-G
Hepatitis
“Restaurant”Contaminated Water/FoodVia Fecal-Oral RoutePrevention
◦Handwashing◦Immunization
Tx◦Preventative
Acute Only
Type A
Blood/Body Fluid Exposure Hep B virus Long Recovery Highest Risk
◦ IV Drug Abusers◦ Unprotected Sex◦ Healthcare workers
Vaccine◦ Lifetime Immunity
Type B
C Blood/Body Fluid Exposure Chronic Mostly
D Infected Blood Only at the same time w/Hep B
Type C & D
E Similar to Hep A Primarily, Contaminated Water Supplies
F&G Little is Known Ongoing Research
Type E, F&G
Loss of AppetiteN/V JaundiceRashDark UrineTannish StoolsAbd PainMuscle Aches
Observation & Reporting
Report Abnormals to NurseUniversal PrecautionsStandard PrecautionsTreatment Plan
CNA 2 Actions
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: AIDS
Human ImmunodeficiencyVirus: HIV
Leads to
HIV/AIDSHIV kills immune system
◦Immunosuppressed Spreads via direct contact:
◦Blood◦Body Fluids
NOT Spread:◦Coughing◦Sneezing◦Insects◦Casual Contact
PneumoniaTBKaposi’s Sarcoma
Opportunistic Infections
Loss of appetiteNight SweatsCough DiarrheaFatigueConfusion Skin rashesWhite patches in the mouth
Observation & Reporting
Report Abnormals to nurseStandard PrecautionsDaily HygieneFrequent Oral CareGood Skin CareEmotional Support
CNA 2 Actions
This project was funded $3,000,000 (100% of its total cost) from a grant awarded under the Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grants, as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. Rogue Community College is an equal opportunity employer/program. Auxiliary aids and services, alternate form and language services are available to individuals with disabilities and limited English proficiency free of cost upon request.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.