Persuasive Public Speaking
If you are opinionated,
here is your chance.
Types of persuasive speechesConviction
Action
Good persuasive speeches are…
• Timely• Controversial • Audience-aware• Well-developed• Valuable to society
Persuasion process
Claim
Appeals
Done?
NO!
Persuasion processThings to consider
Theory of field-related standards
• Not all people reach conclusions in the same way, thus they may react differently to the same evidence or psychological appeals
• Include as many appeals as you can
Group norm standards
• When speaking to a group, you can assume that they will have some similar or overlapping views
Individual norm standards
• Some individuals are more influential than others. If you get them on your side, everyone else is in the bag
Components of the persuasive speech
Ethos
• Speaker credibility
Logos
• Logical arguments
Pathos
• Psychological appeals
Ethos
Speaker credibility (ethos)
Competence
• Wisdom• Authority• knowledge
Speaker credibility (ethos)
Charisma
• Appealing• Concerned• Enthusiastic• Sincere
Speaker credibility (ethos)
Character
• Reputation• Honesty• Sensitivity
Logos
Logical arguments (logos)
Your speech has to “make sense”
• Clear statement of the purpose of what you are proposing• Reasons you believe or want the audience to believe in what
you are proposing• Cite credible sources• Well-developed arguments that flow• Statement of desired outcome, stand or action• Absence of false facts, or partial information
Logical arguments guide your central idea
Proposition of facts (will)
Proposition of value (good, bad)
Proposition of policy (should)
Inductive argument (evidence, conclusion)
Deductive argument (premise, conclusion)
Whatever your choice, you need valid evidence
Logical fallacies
Generalizations
• All Greeks…
Faulty analogical reasoning
• AIDS vs. Bubonic plagues
Faulty causal reasoning
• Something caused something else, no qualification
Ignoring the issue
• Relevant arguments used to obscure the issue
Logical fallacies
Ad hominem arguments
• Attacks on personal character of the source
Ad populum arguments
• Appeal to people’s prejudices and passions
Ad ignorantium arguments
• Attempt to prove that something is true because it cannot be disproved
How do you sell your point of view?
Critical thinking
• Propose plan of action, Set forth criteria, Propose solution
Comparative advantage
• Propose solution(s) that are workable, desirable, and practical
How do you sell your point of view?
Elaboration Likelihood Model
• If the topic is one that the listener has encountered before, is interested and involved in, and enjoys talking about, he/she is more likely to process the speaker’s arguments
How do you sell your point of view?
Social support
• If the individual feels that he/she has the support of others and they’re all “in it together,” he/she will be persuaded by a message
How do you sell your point of view?
Monroe’s Motivated Sequence
• Attention• Need• Satisfaction• Visualization• Action
Pathos
Psychological appeals (pathos)
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Appeals to motivate listenersAdventure
Anger
Companionship
Deference
Fear
Gender
Guilt
Happiness
Health
Hero worship
Humor
Independence
Liking
Loyalty
Nostalgia
Revulsion
Safety
Savings
Sex
Sympathy
And remember that all of this has to be arranged in a way that
makes sense
INSPIRATION